题目内容

B [2015 .山东威海一中高三模拟] Coral reefs(珊潮ft) are not just beautiful to look at,but also very useful. They shelter nearly 25 % of ocean life and provide food for billions of people. However, like many other species,this amazing ecosystem(生态系统)is in danger of dy?ing out ！

There are two main reasons for the destruction—the ris?ing carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation. While not much can be done about the former, the loss caused by the latter can be reduced.

Bottom operation involves dropping nets to the ocean bed and then dragging them up when filled with fish. This action damages the ocean floor, causing the coral branches to sepa?rate from the reefs. While that is very discouraging, the good news is that if these branches are found quickly, they can be saved. At present,that work is being performed by volunteer divers. But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater, nor reach depths of over 200 metres where some of the deep-sea coral grows.

However,this is not the case for coralbots―the robots that can constantly seek out broken branches. A team of 'cor-albots', each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral, allowing them to regrow. They are programmed to be able to distinguish between other things and the coral. The robots work together in groups,sim?ilar to bees. If one coralbot is damaged then the others will still be able to complete the task.

Dr Lea-Anne Henry said,"The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore (修复)the function of reefs. It is in the final stage of testing. Once ready? the re?searchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effec?tively in the waters off Scotland and then hopefully in the o-ceans across the world."

5.     Which of the following is a cause of the clanger that coral reefs are facing?

 

A.     The appearance of new creatures.

B.     The seriously polluted sea water.

C.     The activities of volunteer clivers.

D.     Human activities like bottom operation.

6.     Compared with volunteer divers,coralbots__________ .

 

A.     can stay longer underwater

B.     must work as bees do

C.     can distinguish what is coral

D.     can never be damaged

7.     What does the underlined word "them" in the last para?graph refer to?

A. Coralbots.                            B.  Broken branches.

C. Working bees.                      D.  Bits of coral.

8.     We can infer from the passage that ____________ ，

 

A.     bottom operation has affected most underwater crea?tures

B.     broken branches of coral can regrow if saved in time

C.     hundreds of the coralbots have worked well in the oceans

D.     with the coralbots all damaged coral reefs can be re?stored

B [文章大意]本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及应对的方法。珊瑚礁由于全球变暖以及人类的一些海底作业而濒临灭绝。对此，Coralbots却是挽救珊瑚礁的好帮手，它们可以长时间待在水下以帮助受损的珊瑚礁重新生长。

5.     D细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第一句"There are two main reasons for the destruction―the rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation."可知D项正确。

6.     A 细节理解题。根据第三段的"But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater, nor reach depths of over 200 metres where some of the deep-sea coral grows. ，，以及第四段的"However,this is not the case for coralbots …"可知，coralbots可以长时间待在水下。故选A项。

7.     A 词义猜测题。根据下文的"'-use them effectively in the wa?ters off Scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world.'"可知，这里的them指代的是上文提到的coralbots，因为要用它们来修复珊瑚礁。故选A。

8.   B 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的"While not much can be done about the former, the loss caused by the latter can be re-duced."可排除A;根据文章最后一段的"'Once ready, the re-searchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the waters off ...，"可排除C;根据文章最后一段的"…'The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore(修复) the function of reefs. It is in the final stage of testing."，可排除D; 根据文章第四段的"…this is not the case for coralbots— the ro?bots that can constantly seek out broken branches. A team of 'coralbots' , each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral, allowing them to regrow."可知B 项正确。

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B [2015 •安徽合肥高三二检]

Severely disabled people may soon be able to use their noses to write, drive a wheelchair or surf the Internet, thanks to a device(装置)developed by doctors in Israel.

The device will be used by breathing in and out through the nose, according to a study. Healthy people who tested the device quickly learned to play computer games and write sentences by sniffing. Encouraged by the results, the re?searchers decided to test their device on people who are para?lysed (雜 疾的) but whose intelligence remains normal. Ten paralysed people who tested the device quickly learned to use their noses to write words, open a web page, copy words and put them into a search engine.

With their success in helping severely disabled people to communicate, the researchers decided to make use of the new technology to design an electric wheelchair to be driven by sniffs.

Ten healthy people easily mastered sniff-driving a wheel?chair through a maze, and a 30-year-old man who had been paralysed from the neck down for six years was as good a sniff-driver as the healthy participants at his second attempt. In other words, a paralysed person could use the sniff con?troller to drive an electric wheelchair.

At the moment, sniff-controlled technology is still in the stage of development, and the Weizmann Institute of Science has already applied for a patent on the device. "I'll be very happy if it can help us to make money, but the real problem is that I hope someone will develop it, because this would help a lot of people," said Sobel, one of the lead researchers of the study.

4.What's the purpose of the passage?

 A.     To introduce a new invention.

B.     To equip the disabled with life skills.

C.     To show the nose's special functions.

D.     To instruct doctors to apply for a patent.

5.In the test, the paralysed people with normal intelligence can use their noses to .

 A.     type long sentences quickly

B.     play computer games easily

C.      enter a website without much difficulty

D.     communicate with others successfully

 6.With the help of the sniffing device, a 30-year-old disabled man_________ .

 A.     spent six years learning how to drive a wheelchair

B.     failed to drive through the maze at his first attempt

C.     took the wheelchair controlled by healthy participants

D.     managed to drive an electric wheelchair by sniffing

7.From the last paragraph* we can infer that the sniff-con-trolled technology___________ .

 A.     will be applied to other fields of research

B.      needs further developing to serve more people

C.      has become a patent invention

 D.   shows the wisdom and talents of Israeli doctors

Could city living be making you crazy? A new re?port says that weak social ties may be to blame for the higher rate of mental disorders in cities, for people are too occupied to connect with others. Thus, cities packed with people can actually make people feel disconnected, nameless and socially isolated.

Dr Stanley Zammit of Cardiff University in Wales led the study published in Archives of General Psychia?try ，where the goal of the research was to determine whether individual, school or area characteristics had a specific link to mental disease. Living in a city was asso?ciated with a 41 per cent higher chance of mental disease compared to rural living. The team gathered data from more than 200,000 people living in Sweden. Those indi?viduals were all born between 1972 and 1977.

The team analyzed factors related to the individuals, including the schools they attended and the neighbourhoods

they lived in. Out of all the factors examined, a weak social connection at the school level was the most significant. Kids who were immigrants, who changed cities between ages 8 and 16 or who were raised in a single-parent home suffer from a higher risk of mental disease.

The finding suggests inviting a few friends to get out of the city for a walk in nature can reduce stress. Other studies have shown getting outdoors for some "green exercise" may help stop depression, too. It has also been shown that social networks provide support to improve mental health. In fact, a recent research showed happy people talk more.

1. What do we learn about cities packed with people from the text?

A.They make people feel separate from others.

B.They have led to mental disease.

C.They strengthen social ties.

D.They get rid of people's names.


2.The underlined word "chance" in Paragraph 2 may be

close to "    in meaning.

A. opportunity B. possibility

C. luck D. accident

3.Which of the following people may least have mental disease?


A.People who moved to another country while they were young.

B.People who kept moving homes from one city to another when they were in middle school.

C.People who lived only with a father or a mother in childhood.

D.People who were regular visitors to their school friends.

4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .


A.going outdoors for some exercise will surely make you relaxed

B.inviting friends to walk in nature can reduce stress

C.good social relationship is helpful for mental health

D.talkative people are always happy

A man came to theUSAfrom the other country. After 35.       (settle) down at an island, he went into a cafeteria to get something 36.   (eat). He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order, but nobody did. 37.   (final) ，a woman with a tray full of food sat down opposite him and informed him 38.     the cafeteria worked.

"Start out at that end," she said. "Just go along the line and pick out what you want. At 39.    other end they'll tell you how much you have to pay.

"I soon 40.     (learn) how everything worked in theUSA," the man told his friend. "Life's a cafeteria there. You can get anything you want as long as you are willing to pay the price. You can even get success, 41.    you'll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it to you. You have to get up and get it 42.  (you)."

You can't change the inevitable. The only thing you can do 43.      (be) to control your attitude. Once you reach that point in life ，happiness and 44.  (satisfy) can't be too far away.


Ⅳ.短文改错[2015 •郑州市高三第二次质检]

  假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处

语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A )，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一同；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Mandy,

   I'm not doing well in my lessons at school, especial in maths. My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university. He thinks I'm lazy, but it's not true. I work re?ally hard, often study late into the night！ I've tried to talk to my mother, but she always said I have to work as hard like my brother does. My brother doesn't study very hard,and he always gets excellent grades. It's not fair!

The only thing I like it is art. My teacher says I'm the best student she's had for year. When I told my dad, all he said was,"You mustn't waste your time in art. You must fo?cus your mind on your lessons!" I'm feeling quite puzzling what to do now. Would you please help me out?

   Thanks a lot!

                                         Yours sincerely, 

                                               Lisa

B [2015 •湖北八校高三第二次联考〗Imagine a house that keeps itself warm in the winter?time. Think of the savings in terms of fuel bills and unfriend?ly emissions. Such houses in fact exist, called "passive hou?ses". The concept of these highly energy-efficient buildings took root in the 1990s, before slowly consolidating as a niche construction (生态位构建)concept in the 2000s. Are passive houses now actively moving into the mainstream as sustain?able buildings?

For Brian McGarry, an economics lecturer who built a family house based on passive housing criteria in the Pyrenees this year, the arguments look convincing. As his first full winter in the low energy house draws in, we asked him to keep us informed. Do passive houses work?

I had never heard of a passive house in February 2012, when I purchased a plot of land. Nor did I expect that I would be persuaded to build a pre-constructed ， custom-designed house based on energy-efficient passive house criteria. It promised to be easier and quicker to build, cheaper to run, and more comfortable to live in. The objective was to incor?porate the fundamental concepts of passive energy manage?ment into my project: an airtight and highly insulated build?ing envelope; large south-facing double or triple-glazed win?dows (if possible, filled with argon gas) that passively cap?ture the energy of the sun; a heat recovery ventilation(通风设备)system to provide fresh air; and a simple, low-cost heat?ing system consisting of a modern wood-burning stove, a bathroom heater and a portable radiator backup for when the sun doesn't shine and temperatures decline. No significant limitations were placed on the design, and it had excellent en?vironmental credentials (认证).Moreover, the cost was no more than a conventional build.

After six months in use, the house is proving to be both cheap to run and remarkably comfortable—staying cool in the hot summer was effortless, as long as the windows were shuttered or shaded from the sun. Now staying warm in the cold, high-altitude December climate also seems easy, so far.

Winter arrived in force in the Pyrenees in November, with abundant snowfalls and temperatures as low as minus 8° Celsius. Though early days, the house has responded well ： the stove is lit during cold evenings but the portable radiator has not yet been needed. This type of construction seems not only to make economic and environmental sense, but to en?hance our quality of life, too.

5.We can learn from Paragraph 1  that passive houses

 A.     consume extra energy to keep warm in winter and cool in summer

B.     had been introduced for a decade before the birth of the theory

C.     appeal to both the self-builders and those constructors

D.     refer to a certain house comfortable, costly and also pleasing

6.Regarding the passive energy management, the houses have characteristics EXCEPT •

 A.     using south-facing windows to take in solar energy

B.     providing energy for taking a shower when it's rainy

C.     supplying fresh air with a special heat recovery system

D.     placing more demands and restrictions on the design

7. How did Brian McGarry find his self-built passive house? 

A. Very unaffordable.       B. Energy-consuming.

C. Comfortable to live in.      D. Awkward to use.

8. What is the writer's attitude towards the passive house?
A. Supportive.                B. Critical.

C.  Oppositive.               D. "Doubtful.

I grew up in Jamaica Plain, an urban community lo?cated on the outskirts (郊区)of Boston, Massachu?setts. My best friend Rose and I used to dream about raising a family of our own some day. We had it all planned out to live next door to one another.

Our dream remained alive through grade school, high school, and even beyond. Rose was my maid of honour when I got married in 1953 to the love of my life, Dick. Meanwhile, Dick longed to be an officer in the Marines and I fully supported his ambitions. T real?ized that he might be stationed far away from Jamaica Plain, but I told him I would relocate (重新安置）and adjust.

So, in 1955 Dick was stationed in Alaska and we relocated. Rose was sad to see me leave, but wished me the best of luck. Rose and I remained in touch for a few years via periodic phone calls but after a while we lost track of one another.

Now here I am at the doorstep to my 80th birthday and I received a random phone call on a Wednesday af?ternoon. "Hello?" I said. "Hi Natalie, it's Rose," the voice on the other end replied. "It's been so long. 1 don't know if you remember me, but we used to be best friends in Jamaica Plain when we were kids," she said.

We haven't seen each other yet, but we have spent countless hours on the phone catching up on 52 years of our lives. The interesting thing is that even after 52 years of separation our personalities and interests are still extremely similar.

Real friends have two things in common ： a compat?ible (相容的)personality and a strong-willed character. The compatible personality is what makes the connec?tion begin between two people and a strong-willed char?acter at both ends is what maintains the connection. If those two ingredients are present in a friendship, the friendship is for real, and can thus sustain the tests of time and prolonged absence without faltering (动摇).

5.The writer had to leave her best friend because

A.she hoped to get more chances

B.she wanted to change her living situation

C.her husband was sent to another place

D.she had a quarrel with her best friend

6.When the writer was 80 years old, .

A.she and her best friend Rose met again

B.she and Rose got in touch again

C.she found she had nothing in common with Rose

D.she and Rose spent countless happy hours together

7.According to the writer, the reason why the friendship be-

tween her and Rose can last long is that       .

A.they often share their happy and sad moments with each other

B.their relationship is based on mutual trust

C.Rose is always there when she is in trouble

D.both of them have a compatible personality and a strong-willed character

8.Which can be the best title of the passage?

A.The story of two best friends

B.A friend in need is a friend indeed

C.The definition of a friendship

D.Ingredients in a friendship

I.阅读理解[2015 •江西新余一中高三第三次模拟]

  A scientist turns out to be able to see the future by offer?ing each of some four-year-olds a piece of candy and watching how he or she deals with it. Some children reach eagerly for the treat they see. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others are determined to wait until the last moment.

By the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has happened. A survey found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out generally grew up to be more popular, adventurous, confident and de?pendable. The children who gave in to temptation early were more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and inflexible(顽固的）.

Actually ， the ability to delay reward is a sign of emotion?al intelligence which doesn't show up on an IQ test.

The hardware of the brain and the software of the mind have long been scientists' concerns. But brain theory can't explain what we wonder about most, like the question why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink, a less resistant soul.

Here comes the theory of Daniel Goleman, writer of Emotional Intelligence ： when it comes to predicting people's success, brain ability as measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as "character".

EQ is not the opposite of IQ. What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together; how one's ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. Among the ele?ments for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20 % ； the rest depends on everything from social class to luck.

While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, some few fear EQ invites misuse.

1. The experiment with the four-year-olds makes it clear that

 A.     the age of 4 is a proper time for scientific experiments

B.     emotional intelligence won't show up until adolescence

C.     candy can be used to measure a person's emotional in?telligence

D.     the ability of self-control plays a role in personal suc?cess

2. Which of the following is TRUE about EQ and IQ accord?ing to the text?

A. Scientists are trying to discover the way in which EQ and IQ work together.

B. The higher a person's IQ is, the higher his or her EQ is.

C. Some people can be blessed with lots of both, but some with little of either.

D. There is no link between EQ and IQ.

 3. The underlined word " upbeat" in Paragraph 4 probably means "_________ ".

A. optimistic                           B. floating

C.  excited                             D. kind

4. What is most likely to be written in the paragraph that follows?

 A. Information about famous people with high EQ.

B. Some reasons why EQ is a relatively new field.

C. Examples showing the opposite voice about EQ.

D. Strong demand for basic emotional education.

A carefree summer vacation can be yours with these easy tips.

1.Fly into alternate airports.

Most major destinations are served by more than one airport. Flying into a less popular one can result in cheaper tickets. Another added perk of quieter airports? Shorter check-in and security lines, and less waiting around.

2.Use public transportation for city travel to save

time and money.

When possible, take public transportation from the airport to your hotel. For example, the London Heath?row express train takes just 15 minutes to get from the airport to the city and costs under 20 pounds. "By con?trast ,a taxi costs about 70 pounds and takes 40 mi?nutes," reports Discala.

3.Eat smartly, explore and save.

Look for ways to take your order in pricey restau?rants and you can avoid "Are we about to run out of money?" "Don't order an appetizer. Don't drink a lot of booze. " Discala says.

Also, cover more ground by spreading out your snack places. "Have dessert at a cafe or ice cream stand, instead of at the dinner restaurant," suggests Discala. You'll see more of the city and making decisions about where to go for dinner will be less worrying.

4.Hit the market.

Much like reading the local newspaper, visiting a market gives context to a foreign country.

Even the smallest villages tend to have a weekly open-air market(often on Saturday mornings) , while in larger towns and cities, people expect additional market days, as well as big supermarkets.

Markets also sell amazing, wallet-friendly souve?nirs. Think about sea salt?local spices or sauces, and re?gional oil and vinegar. Eatable gifts are almost always appreciated, saving you the stress of finding the "per?fect" gift for each person on your list.

5.The passage aims to tell the readers how to   .

A.    take a plane without waiting for long

B.    spend your holidays abroad economically

C.    eat in a pricey restaurant at the smallest expense

D.    save money to buy eatable gifts in a foreign mar?ket

6.What does the underlined word "perk" mean?

A. Special benefit.  B. Strict standard.

C. Common scene. D.  Extra trouble.

7.Which of the following will best help you save time and money?

A.    Choosing a bigger airport.

B.    Visiting local markets.

C.    Having dinner at the hotel.

D.    Taking an express train.

8.What can be inferred from the passage?

A.    Having coffee at a cafe will cost more money.

B.    Souvenirs bought at local markets are expensive.

C.    You will run out of your money if you eat out.

D.    Markets help you understand your tourist destination.

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