NASA on September 28, 2015 announced the strongest evidence yet for liquid water on the red planet, increasing the possibility that astronauts journeying to Mars could someday rely on the planet's own 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

NASA on September 28, 2015 announced the strongest evidence yet for liquid water on the red planet, increasing the possibility that astronauts journeying to Mars could someday rely on the planet's own water for their drinking needs.

You may feel like you've heard about the hunt for liquid water on Mars before—and the researchers involved know it may seem played out. But science has yet to truly prove that water flows on Mars once and for all, and doing so could completely change the way we view the planet. This new data is a big step in the right direction.

"Liquid water is an attractive topic, and we like the thousandth time someone has discovered water on Mars," Lujendra Ojha, the Georgia Tech PhD candidate who led the research announced Monday, told The Post. But there's a good reason that liquid water is so "attractive": Mars is now the only planet in our solar system to show evidence of the stuff on its surface, other than our own. Other worlds have it in subsurface oceans, or scattered around as vapor in the atmosphere. But Mars is the only place where we have solid evidence for liquid that sits right there in the open air. While it would be a major leap to suggest that Mars might harbor life—even microbial life—liquid water at least makes it possible that parts of the planet are habitable.

The study builds on research from April, when scientists using data from the Curiosity rover noted that the planet had the seasonal potential for liquid water. We know that because of the extremely low pressure on Mars, water has a boiling point of just a few degrees Celsius, after which it evaporates. The April study noted the presence of perchlorates (高氯酸盐) —a kind of salt—which could make the boiling point of Mars' water much higher, theoretically allowing it to remain liquid. They affirmed that the planet's temperature would be right for liquid, perchlorate-filled water to form every day during winter and spring.

1.What does the Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?

A. The significance of the discovery.

B. The doubt of the discovery.

C. The difficulty of the discovery.

D. The expense of the discovery.

2.The underlined words "our own" in Paragraph 3 refer to ________.

A. Mars

B. the earth

C. liquid water

D. the solar system

3. What plays an important role in making Mars' water in the state of liquid?

A. The thick atmosphere around Mars.

B. The physical structure of Mars.

C. The extremely low pressure on Mars.

D. Perchlorates in Mar's water.

4. The best title for the passage can be "________".

A. Water on Mars could be used for dringking

B. There might be some kinds of life on Mars

C. NASA would send astronauts to journey to Mars

D. NASA confirms the best-ever evidence for water on Mars

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A new study has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months, reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.

“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”

Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect in combating depression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.

Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.

Shors, who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.

The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.

By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.

“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”

1.What made the research so different?

A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.

B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.

C. Treating depression with special medicine.

D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.

2.The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.

A. fighting B. identifying

C. distinguishing D. examining

3.What did the participants do in the research?

A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.

B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.

C. They took exercise longer than they thought.

D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.

4.What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?

A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.

B. To study the production of new brain cells.

C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.

D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.

With alarming regularity, we read about oil tankers（油轮） having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills（泄露） on people, nature, and the environment．

Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．

Of all of today’s environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．There are, of course, long-term effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term．

Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Sicily Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．

Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run!

We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power, electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal．

If the world’s millions of cars were 10% more efficient— and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient — we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．

1.What is the passage mainly talking about?

A．Oil spills pollution．

B．What oil pollution is．

C．Oil tanker accidents．

D．How to reduce oil pollution．

2.How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?

A．By having a discussion ．

B．By making an argument．

C．By giving an example．

D．By drawing a diagram．

3.What does the underlined word “risk” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

A．Transportation depending more on oil．

B．Poisonous oil breaking down naturally．

C．Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea．

D．More environmental damage being caused．

4.Which suggestion is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?

A．We should build safer oil tankers in the near future

B.We should develop new technologies to cut oil use

C.Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines．

D.Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea．

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I never looked up when my friends were talking and joking about the retarded (智障的) boy a few tables away. It didn’t even cross my mind that he might feel when people whispered about him. So I let them talk.

Then came the day when I learned my little brother Martin’s testing for autism (自闭症) came out positive (阳性). I , crying. Over time, I was able to his illness a little more. We had to move because of Martin’s treatment. So Martin and I both at a new school. One day, I was standing in the bus line waiting when a “short” bus (for the retarded) came and up some kids. The children in the other line started making about the “retarded” on that bus and I felt a feeling in my heart. I said quietly that those remarks weren’t very nice, no one listened.

My family moved again. In the new school I got a to speak up pretty soon. That day, in a band class, my teacher our playing to make some comments, “Guys, we’re playing like the kids on the short bus! Come on!” The entire room was laughing loudly. Then, I raised my hand. I wasn’t sure what I was going to say but I wanted to be . And this came out: “I don’t think we should make fun of the short bus, because there are people on that bus who have a lot in common with us and have the same feelings as we do.” I could feel my getting louder. “So I would it if you didn’t make fun of them.” The room was very quiet and everyone stared at me. My teacher for his words. At the end of the class, everyone was giving me strange looks. But I didn’t because I knew three things: I had spoken the , I had taught everyone something, and while everyone in the classroom was being a follower, I had to take a different path since I wanted to become a and a role model.

1.A. worried B. hurt C. disappointed D. confused

2.A. still B. again C. just D. seldom

3.A. wiped out B. broke out C. broke down D. calmed down

4. A. treat B. know C. bear D. accept

5.A. changed B. started C. suffered D. behaved]

6.A. set B. took C. brought D. picked

7. A. jokes B. complaints C. enquiries D. discoveries

8.A. violent B. strange C. similar D. clear

9. A. because B. if C. but D. so

10. A. chance B. position C. topic D. point

11. A. encouraged B. bothered C. enjoyed D. stopped

12.A. heard B. praised C. spotted D. taught

13. A. exactly B. slightly C. hardly D. fairly

14.A. pace B. voice C. pulse D. breath

15. A. excuse B. appreciate C. stand D. permit

16.A. apologized B. fought C. allowed D. argued

17. A. understand B. notice C. return D. care

18. A. wisdom B. reason C. matter D. truth

19.A. helped B. decided C. agreed D. hoped

20. A. reporter B. thinker C. leader D. trainer

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

On December 10th last year, we paid a visit to a high-tech agricultural garden. It took us one and a half hour to get there. The naturally environment there was very pleased, and we could breathe fresh air. The intelligent glass greenhouse, where many kinds of fruits and vegetables were growing there, was really amazing. Because it was very cold outside, the greenhouse controlling by a computer could provide a proper temperature. That was also very interesting to see so many colorful fruits and vegetables in the greenhouse which we have never seen before. Luckily, we allowed to taste some of the fruits and vegetables. We really had a good time and learned a lot over the visit.

单词拼写

1. This food (消化) well.

2."Why don't you (请教) the headmaster as to whether you can read them to the boys?" Roger said.

3.He was dismissed, because he had been warned to be (守时) but was late again.

4.People call for (平等) in employment.

5.This coat was half-price, a real (便宜货)

完成句子 (不限词数)。

6.马丁路德金宣布明日开始抵制公交车运动。

Martin Luther King announced buses will begin tomorrow.

7.十个最常问到的问题如下。

The ten questions are listed below.

8. 这地区的劫案在减少。

The number of robberies in the area is .

9.我喜欢看地图而不是书面或口头指令。

I like to follow a map written or spoken directions.

10. 这种建立在肤色基础上的不公正的隔离受到了挑战。

This unjust separation of people skin color was challenged.

Myth: If you cut your hair, it will grow long faster.

Truth: That’s not true. “Your hair isn’t like a lawn or a rosebush, where cutting can stimulate fresh growth,” says Phillip Kingsley. The length of your hair is genetically determined. When it reaches a certain length, it stops growing. When you clear up the dead split ends, this make your hair look healthier, but not necessarily longer.

Myth: If you skip meals, you lose weight fast.

Truth: There’s no truth in this advice. Not only will you not lose weight by starving yourself, but according to Carol Ann Rinzler, this may actually cause you to gain weight. Rinzler reasons that missing a meal causes your metabolism(新陈代谢) to slow down so that you burn food more slowly. This only makes you feel hungrier and by the time you finally do reach the table you will probably eat more food. Strange as it may seem, studies show that eating several small meals and snacks throughout the day is a more healthy way to lose pounds.

Myth: If you swallow gum，it will stay inside your stomach for seven years.

Truth: Actually, it takes just a few days for gum to make its exit---not seven years, says NeiIzenberg, M. D., editor of Kids Health Organization. But because gum is made of the same thing as rubber, it cannot be fully digested in your stomach--- so if you gum up the works on a regular basis, you might find yourself in a sticky situation.

Myth: The best way to stop a nosebleed is to lift your head back.

Truth: Now that’s bad advice. Bloody noses are caused by broken blood vessels, so while lifting your head back might stop the fluid from rushing out of your nose, it won’t stop the bleeding; you’ll just end up swallowing lots of blood. Your best bet “Rest quietly. Don’t poke or pick, and the blood will naturally clot (凝结成块) within a minute or two”, suggests Dr. Izenberg.

1.The length of your hair is determined by ________.

A. cutting it often

B. your gene

C. the food you eat

D. clearing up the dead split ends.

2.According to Carol Ann Rinzler, skipping meals will __________.

A. help you lose weight fast

B. help you lose weight slowly

C. cause you to become fatter

D. make you burning food more quickly

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Gum cannot be fully digested in the stomach.

B. Gum can stay inside your stomach for seven years if you swallow it.

C. Gum can leave your stomach after you swallow in a few days later.

D. If you often swallow gum, you might find yourself in a sticky situation

假设你叫李华，你们学校最近做了一项调查，调查的主题是“你暑假会去打零工挣钱吗？”请你根据下面的调查结果写一份总结，开头已给出。

结果

原因

89%选择不去

1．父母不允许

2．学习太忙，没时间

3．不知道自己能做什么工作

11%选择去

1．学以致用

2．积累社会经验

3．减轻父母的压力

注意：

1. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。

2. 词数100左右。

Recently, our school carried out a survey about whether ...

_______________________________________________________________________________

Have you ever heard of TI? Toastmasters International (TI) is a nonprofit 1. (education) organization that operates clubs worldwide for the purpose of 2. (help) members improve their communication, public speaking, and leadership skills. Through its thousands of member clubs, Toastmasters International offers 3. program of communication and leadership projects 4. (design) to help people learn the arts of speaking, listening, and thinking.

The organization 5. (grow) out of a single club, Smedley Chapter One Club, 6. would become the first Toastmasters club. It 7. (found) by Ralph C. Smedley 8. October 22, 1924, at the YMCA in Santa Ana, California, United States. Toastmasters International was incorporated under California law on December 19, 1932. Throughout its history, Toastmasters has served over four million people, 9. today the organization serves over 332,000 members in 135 countries, 10. its over 15,400 member clubs.

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