题目内容

_____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.

A. Being encouraged      B. Encouraging

C. Encouraged           D. Having encouraged

C


解析:

考查非谓语动词过去分词作原因状语的用法。分析句子可以看出，这是一个省略的原因状语从句，前后主语都是many farmers，由by the advances in technology，可知许多农民受到鼓舞，选C符合。

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Pub Etiquette in Britain

英国的酒吧礼仪

在公共场所，英国人讲究先来后到，但在生意兴隆的酒吧里看不到排队的现象，整个酒吧井然有序。如果有一天你到英国酒吧消遣，你应该注意些什么呢？

Amazingly for British, who love queues, there is no formal line-up－the bar staff are skilled at knowing whose turn it is. You are permitted to try to attention, but there are rules about how to do this. Do not call out, tap coins on the counter, snap your finger or wave like a drowning swimmer. Do not scowl or sign or roll your eyes. And whatever you do, do not ring the bell hanging behind the counter－this is used by the landlord to signal closing time. The key thing is to catch the bar worker’s eyes. You could also hold an empty glass or some money, but do not wave them about. Do adopt an expectant, hopeful, even slightly anxious facial expression. If you look too contented and complacent, the bar staff may assume you are already being served.

Always say“please”and try to remember some of the British bar staffs hates. They do not like people to keep others waiting while they make up their minds. They don’t like people standing idly against the bar when there are a lot of customers waiting for service. And they do not like people who wait until the end of the order before asking for such drinks as Guinness stout which take considerably longer to pour than other drinks. If you follow these tips you should be able to buy yourself a drink. Speaking of tips, you should never offer the bar staff a cash gratuity. The correct behavior is to offer them a drink. Pubs pride themselves on their egalitarian. A tip in cash would be a reminder of their service role, whereas the offer of a drink is a friendly gesture.

Notes

scowl v.　怒容；皱眉　　　　　　　　　expectant  adj.  期待的

complacent  adj. 自满的　　　　　　　 idly  adv. 无效地；懒洋洋地

stout  n. 烈性黑啤酒　　　　　　　　  gratuity  n.　小费

egalitarian   n.　＆ adj. 平等；平均主义（的）

Which statement is true?

A. The British bar staffs dislike people who make up their minds immediately.

B. They like people who can wait in line.

C. They hope people who want to have another drink ring the bell hanging behind the counter.

D. If you offer them a drink to express your tips, they will feel happy.

 

阅读理解

Pub Etiquette in Britain

英国的酒吧礼仪

在公共场所，英国人讲究先来后到，但在生意兴隆的酒吧里看不到排队的现象，整个酒吧井然有序。如果有一天你到英国酒吧消遣，你应该注意些什么呢？

Amazingly for British, who love queues, there is no formal line-up－the bar staff are skilled at knowing whose turn it is. You are permitted to try to attention, but there are rules about how to do this. Do not call out, tap coins on the counter, snap your finger or wave like a drowning swimmer. Do not scowl or sign or roll your eyes. And whatever you do, do not ring the bell hanging behind the counter－this is used by the landlord to signal closing time. The key thing is to catch the bar worker’s eyes. You could also hold an empty glass or some money, but do not wave them about. Do adopt an expectant, hopeful, even slightly anxious facial expression. If you look too contented and complacent, the bar staff may assume you are already being served.

Always say“please”and try to remember some of the British bar staffs hates. They do not like people to keep others waiting while they make up their minds. They don’t like people standing idly against the bar when there are a lot of customers waiting for service. And they do not like people who wait until the end of the order before asking for such drinks as Guinness stout which take considerably longer to pour than other drinks. If you follow these tips you should be able to buy yourself a drink. Speaking of tips, you should never offer the bar staff a cash gratuity. The correct behavior is to offer them a drink. Pubs pride themselves on their egalitarian. A tip in cash would be a reminder of their service role, whereas the offer of a drink is a friendly gesture.

Notes

scowl v.　怒容；皱眉　　　　　　　　　expectant  adj.  期待的

complacent  adj. 自满的　　　　　　　 idly  adv. 无效地；懒洋洋地

stout  n. 烈性黑啤酒　　　　　　　　  gratuity  n.　小费

egalitarian   n.　＆ adj. 平等；平均主义（的）

Which statement is true?

A. The British bar staffs dislike people who make up their minds immediately.

B. They like people who can wait in line.

C. They hope people who want to have another drink ring the bell hanging behind the counter.

D. If you offer them a drink to express your tips, they will feel happy.

 

阅读理解

　　Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary．

　　stick

　　verb(stuck, stuck)

　　push sth in

　　[＋adv．/prep．] to push sth, usually a sharp object, into sth; to be pushed into sth：[VN] The nurse stuck the needle into my arm．◆ Don't stick your fingers through the bars of the cage．◆ [V] I found a nail sticking in the tyre．

　　attach

　　[＋adv．/prep．] to fix sth to sth else, usually with a sticky substance; to become fixed to sth in this way：[VN] He stuck a stamp on the envelope．◆ We used glue to stick the broken pieces together．◆ I stuck the photos into an album．◆ [V] Her wet clothes were sticking to her body．◆ The glue's useless-the pieces just won't stick．

　　put

　　[VN ＋adv．/prep．](informal)to put sth in a place, especially quickly or carelessly：Stick your bags down there．◆ He stuck his hands in his pockets and strolled off．◆ Can you stick this on the noticeboard? ◆ Peter stuck his head around the door and said, 'Coffee, anyone?' ◆(spoken)Stick 'em up!(＝put your hands above your head-I have a gun)

　　become fixed

　　[V]～(in sth)to become fixed in one position and impossible to move：The key has stuck in the lock．◆ This drawer keeps sticking．

　　difficult situation

　　(BrE, informal)(usually used in negative sentences and questions)to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation or person：[VN] I don't know how you stick that job．◆ They're always arguing-I can't stick it any longer．◆ The problem is, my mother can't stick my boyfriend．◆ [V -ing] John can't stick living with his parents．

　　become accepted

　　[V] to become accepted：The police couldn't make the charges stick(＝show them to be true)．◆ His friends called him Bart and the name has stuck(＝has become the name that everyone calls him)．

　　[V] to not take any more cards

　　Idioms：stick in your mind(of a memory, an image, etc．)to be remembered for a long time：One of his paintings in particular sticks in my mind．

　　stick in your throat/craw(informal)

　　(of words)to be difficult or impossible to say：She wanted to say how sorry she was but the words seemed to stick in her throat．

　　(of a situation)to be difficult or impossible to accept; to make you angry

　　stick your neck out(informal)to do or say sth when there is a risk that you may be wrong：I'll stick my neck out and say that Bill is definitely the best candidate for the job．

　　stick to your guns(informal)to refuse to change your mind about sth even when other people are trying to persuade you that you are wrong

　　Phrasal Verbs：stick around(informal)to stay in a place, waiting for sth to happen or for sb to arrive：Stick around; we'll need you to help us later．

　　stick at sth to work in a serious and determined way to achieve sth：If you want to play an instrument well, you've got to stick at it．

　　stick by sb [no passive] to be loyal to a person and support them, especially in a difficult situation：Her husband was charged with fraud but she stuck by him．

　　stick by sth [no passive] to do what you promised or planned to do：They stuck by their decision．

　　stick sth＜－＞down(informal)to write sth somewhere：I think I'll stick my name down on the list．

　　stick out to be noticeable or easily seen：They wrote the notice in big red letters so that it would stick out．

　　stick sth＜－＞out(of sth)to be further out than sth else or come through a hole; to push sth further out than sth else or through a hole：His ears stick out．◆ She stuck her tongue out at me．◆ Don't stick your arm out of the car window．

　　stick to sth

　　to continue doing sth in spite of difficulties：She finds it impossible to stick to a diet．

　　to continue doing or using sth and not want to change it：He promised to help us and he stuck to his word(＝he did as he had promised)．◆ 'Shall we meet on Friday this week?' 'No, let's stick to Saturday．' ◆ She stuck to her story．

　　stick together(informal)(of people)to stay together and support each other：We were the only British people in the town so we tended to stick together．

　　stick up to point upwards or be above a surface：The branch was sticking up out of the water．

　　stick with sb/sth [no passive](informal)

　　to stay close to sb so that they can help you：Stick with me and I'll make you a millionaire!

　　to continue with sth or continue doing sth：They decided to stick with their original plan．

　　noun

　　from tree

　　[C] a thin piece of wood that has fallen or been broken from a tree：We collected dry sticks to start a fire．◆ The boys were throwing sticks and stones at the dog．◆ Her arms and legs were like sticks(＝very thin)．

　　for walking

　　[C](especially BrE)＝WALKING STICK：The old lady leant on her stick as she talked．

　　in sport

　　[C] a long thin object that is used in some sports to hit or control the ball：a hockey stick

　　long thin piece

　　[C](often in compounds)a long thin piece of sth：a stick of dynamite ◆ carrot sticks ◆(AmE)a stick of butter

　　[C](often in compounds)a thin piece of wood or plastic that you use for a particular purpose：pieces of pineapple on sticks ◆ The men were carrying spades and measuring sticks．

　　in plane/vehicle

　　[C](informal, especially AmE)the control stick of a plane

　　[C](informal, especially AmE)a handle used to change the GEARS of a vehicle

　　for orchestra

　　[C] a BATON, used by the person who CONDUCTS an orchestra

　　criticism

　　[U](BrE, informal)criticism or harsh words：The referee got a lot of stick from the home fans．

　　country areas

　　(the sticks)[pl．](informal)country areas, a long way from cities：We live out in the sticks．

　　person

　　[C](old-fashioned, BrE, informal)a person：He's not such a bad old stick．

(1)

When Jimmy says：“Every morning, I have to take the crowded bus to school, which I really can't stick．”, he may feel _________．

[　　]

A．

worried

B．

curious

C．

annoyed

D．

discouraged

(2)

Due to her fashionable dress, the woman stuck out when she was walking in the street．“stuck out” in this sentence means “_________”．

[　　]

A．

be noticeable

B．

be followed

C．

be admired

D．

be envied

(3)

When I was in trouble, Paul was the only one who _________ to help me．

[　　]

A．

stuck in his throat

B．

stuck together

C．

stuck up

D．

stuck his neck out

(4)

Sally said to me：“Try a peaceful life out in the sticks, and you will experience something totally different．” She means _________．

[　　]

A．

I should go to the woods to enjoy a new life．

B．

I should ignore the criticism and enjoy myself．

C．

I should go to the remote areas to have a change．

D．

I should go out by plane instead of by train to change my feelings．

根据英文释义填写适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。

1

l________________

adj．

free, not tied up

2

c________________

n．

piece of material hung to cover a window

3

p________________

n

word for gas in British English

4

g________________

adv．

not sudden; in a gradual way

5

a________________

adv．

in fact

6

d________________

adj．

of the home, or family not foreign or international

7

s________________

adj．

having skill, skillful

8

p________________

n．

an amount of money paid regularly by the government or a company to a person who has retired．

9

l________________

n．

（food）left, unwanted/not sold

10

t________________

vi．

（a company or plant）becomes very strong ,successful

Below is a page adapted from an English dictionary

stick  
verb (stuck, stuck )
push sth in
[+adv./prep.] to push sth, usually a sharp object, into sth; to be pushed into sth: [VN] The nurse stuck the needle into my arm. ◆ Don't stick your fingers through the bars of the cage. ◆ [V] I found a nail sticking in the tyre.
attach
[+adv./prep.] to fix sth to sth else, usually with a sticky substance; to become fixed to sth in this way: [VN] He stuck a stamp on the envelope. ◆ We used glue to stick the broken pieces together. ◆ I stuck the photos into an album. ◆ [V] Her wet clothes were sticking to her body. ◆ The glue's useless-the pieces just won't stick.
put
[VN +adv./prep.] (informal) to put sth in a place, especially quickly or carelessly: Stick your bags down there. ◆ He stuck his hands in his pockets and strolled off. ◆ Can you stick this on the noticeboard? ◆ Peter stuck his head around the door and said, 'Coffee, anyone?' ◆ (spoken) Stick 'em up! (= put your hands above your head-I have a gun)
become fixed
[V] ~ (in sth) to become fixed in one position and impossible to move: The key has stuck in the lock. ◆ This drawer keeps sticking.
difficult situation
(BrE, informal) (usually used in negative sentences and questions) to accept a difficult or unpleasant situation or person: [VN] I don't know how you stick that job. ◆ They're always arguing-I can't stick it any longer. ◆ The problem is, my mother can't stick my boyfriend. ◆ [V -ing] John can't stick living with his parents.
become accepted
[V] to become accepted: The police couldn't make the charges stick (= show them to be true). ◆ His friends called him Bart and the name has stuck (= has become the name that everyone calls him).
[V] to not take any more cards
Idioms: stick in your mind (of a memory, an image, etc.) to be remembered for a long time: One of his paintings in particular sticks in my mind.
stick in your throat / craw (informal)
(of words) to be difficult or impossible to say: She wanted to say how sorry she was but the words seemed to stick in her throat.
(of a situation) to be difficult or impossible to accept; to make you angry
stick your neck out (informal) to do or say sth when there is a risk that you may be wrong: I'll stick my neck out and say that Bill is definitely the best candidate for the job.
stick to your guns (informal) to refuse to change your mind about sth even when other people are trying to persuade you that you are wrong
Phrasal Verbs: stick around (informal) to stay in a place, waiting for sth to happen or for sb to arrive: Stick around; we'll need you to help us later.
stick at sth to work in a serious and determined way to achieve sth: If you want to play an instrument well, you've got to stick at it.
stick by sb [no passive] to be loyal to a person and support them, especially in a difficult situation: Her husband was charged with fraud but she stuck by him.
stick by sth [no passive] to do what you promised or planned to do: They stuck by their decision.
stick sth<->down (informal) to write sth somewhere: I think I'll stick my name down on the list.
stick out to be noticeable or easily seen: They wrote the notice in big red letters so that it would stick out.
stick sth<->out (of sth) to be further out than sth else or come through a hole; to push sth further out than sth else or through a hole: His ears stick out. ◆ She stuck her tongue out at me. ◆ Don't stick your arm out of the car window.
stick to sth
to continue doing sth in spite of difficulties: She finds it impossible to stick to a diet.
to continue doing or using sth and not want to change it: He promised to help us and he stuck to his word (= he did as he had promised). ◆ 'Shall we meet on Friday this week?' 'No, let's stick to Saturday.' ◆ She stuck to her story.
stick together (informal) (of people) to stay together and support each other: We were the only British people in the town so we tended to stick together.
stick up to point upwards or be above a surface: The branch was sticking up out of the water.
stick with sb/sth [no passive] (informal)
to stay close to sb so that they can help you: Stick with me and I'll make you a millionaire!
to continue with sth or continue doing sth: They decided to stick with their original plan.
noun
from tree
[C] a thin piece of wood that has fallen or been broken from a tree: We collected dry sticks to start a fire. ◆ The boys were throwing sticks and stones at the dog. ◆ Her arms and legs were like sticks (= very thin).
for walking
[C] (especially BrE) = WALKING STICK: The old lady leant on her stick as she talked.
in sport
[C] a long thin object that is used in some sports to hit or control the ball: a hockey stick
long thin piece
[C] (often in compounds) a long thin piece of sth: a stick of dynamite ◆ carrot sticks ◆ (AmE) a stick of butter
[C] (often in compounds) a thin piece of wood or plastic that you use for a particular purpose: pieces of pineapple on sticks ◆ The men were carrying spades and measuring sticks.
in plane / vehicle
[C] (informal, especially AmE) the control stick of a plane
[C] (informal, especially AmE) a handle used to change the GEARS of a vehicle
for orchestra
[C] a BATON, used by the person who CONDUCTS an orchestra
criticism
[U] (BrE, informal) criticism or harsh words: The referee got a lot of stick from the home fans.
country areas
(the sticks) [pl.] (informal) country areas, a long way from cities: We live out in the sticks.
person
[C] (old-fashioned, BrE, informal) a person: He's not such a bad old stick.

46. When Jimmy says: “Every morning, I have to take the crowded bus to school, which I really can’t stick.”, he may feel ________.

A. worried                      B. curious                            C. annoyed                   D. discouraged

47.  Due to her fashionable dress, the woman stuck out when she was walking in the street. “stuck out” in this sentence means “________”.

A. be noticeable              B. be followed                      C. be admired               D. be envied

48. When I was in trouble, Paul was the only one who _______ to help me.

A. stuck in his throat              B. stuck together                  C. stuck up                   D. stuck his neck out

49. Sally said to me: “Try a peaceful life out in the sticks, and you will experience something totally different.” She means ________.

A. I should go to the woods to enjoy a new life.

B. I should ignore the criticism and enjoy myself.

C. I should go to the remote areas to have a change.

D. I should go out by plane instead of by train to change my feelings.

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