仁慈,宽恕 n．mercy．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

12．仁慈；宽恕 n．mercy．

分析仁慈；宽恕 mercy

解答答案：mercy 宽容；怜悯；幸运；侥幸； to ask/beg/plead for mercy请求/乞求/祈求宽恕
如：She went down on her knees，pleading for mercy．她双膝跪下，乞求谅解．

点评对于单词短语的识记，要从词义着手，理解词性和常见用法或搭配，并能在语境中灵活运用．

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20．How to unlock your talent
Search
To find your hidden talent （才能），you'll have to search for it!We all know people who are great at drawing or good at sports，don't we？They're the lucky ones who have a natural talent for what they love doing．（36）GIt's just that we might have to look a little bit harder，that's all!
Try
（37）CDeveloping a new talent takes time and lots of effort，so don't worry if you haven't discovered yours by the end of the day，the week or even the month．You will get your light-bulb （灵感） moment finally!
Ask
Ask for help to get you started．Do you have an aunt who can help you start a blog or a sporty mom who'll get active with you？（38）DSometimes we don't need to look further than our own families to see what skills can be passed down to us!
（39）A
Find out what excites you!The more enthusiastic （热情的） you are about a hobby，the more you'll want to keep doing it．And，you've guessed it，the more you keep doing it，the better you'll get!
New ideas
Be open to new ideas．There's no point saying that you can't write a book or take amazing photos if you've never really tried．（40）E
A．Get excited
B．Don't give up
C．It won't happen overnight．
D．Is your grandma great at making cakes？
E．Make today your day to try something new．
F．Have you ever doubted what you're doing now？
G．But that doesn't mean we can't all find something we're good at．

7．解决；解答 v．settle．

17．Early one morning，more than a hundred years ago，an American inventor called Elias Howe finally fell asleep．He had been working all night on the design of a sewing machine but he had run into a very difficult problem：It seemed impossible to get the thread to run smoothly around the needle．
Though he was tired，Howe slept badly．He turned and turned．Then he had a dream．He dreamt that he had been caught by terrible savages whose king wanted to kill him and eat him unless he could build a perfect sewing machine．When he tried to do so，Howe ran into the same problem as before．The thread kept getting caught around the needle．The king flew into the cage and ordered his soldiers to kill Howe．They came up towards him with their spears raised．But suddenly the inventor noticed something．There was a hole in the tip of each spear．The inventor awoke from the dream，realizing that he had just found the answer to the problem．Instead of trying to get the thread to run around the needle，he should make it run through a small hole in the center of the needle．This was the simple idea that finally made Howe design and build the first really practiced sewing machine．
Elias Howe was not the only one in finding the answer to his problem in this way．
Thomas Edison，the inventor of the electric light，said his best ideas came into him in dreams．So did the great physicist Albert Einstein．Charlotte Bronte also drew in her dreams in writing Jane Eyre．
To know the value of dreams，you have to understand what happens when you are asleep．Even then，a part of your mind is still working．This unconscious（无意识的），but still active part understands your experiences and goes to work on the problems you have had during the day．It stores all sorts of information that you may have forgotten or never have really noticed．It is only when you fall asleep that this part of the brain can send messages to the part you use when you are awake．However，the unconscious part acts in a special way．It uses strange images which the conscious part may not understand at first．This is why dreams are sometimes called"secret messages to ourselves"．
29According to the passage，Elias Howe wasC．
A．the first person we know of who solved problems in his sleep
B．much more hard-working than other inventors
C．the first person to design a sewing machine that really worked
D．the only person at the time who knew the value of dreams
30．The problem Howe was trying to solve wasD．
A．what kind of thread to use
B．how to design a needle which would not break
C．where to put the needle
D．how to prevent the thread from getting caught around the needle
31．Thomas Edison is spoken of becauseB．
A．he also tried to invent a sewing machine
B．he got some of his ideas from dreams
C．he was one of Howe's best friends
D．he also had difficulty in falling asleep
32．Dreams are sometimes called"secret messages to ourselves"becauseA．
A．strange images are used to communicate ideas
B．images which have no meaning are used
C．we can never understand the real meaning
D．only specially trained people can understand them．

4．Laurawill be flying（fly） to Hong Kong this time tomorrow．

1．The relationship between exercise and cancer has long both intrigued and puzzled oncologists and exercise physiologists．
Exercise is strongly associated with lowered risks for many types of cancer．At the same time，exercise involves biological stress，which typically leads to a short-term increase in inflammation（发炎） which can contribute to higher risks for many cancers．
Now，a new study in mice may offer some clues into the exercise-cancer paradox．It suggests that exercise may change how the immune system deals with cancer by boosting adrenaline（肾上腺素），certain immune cells and other chemicals that，together，can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off altogether．
To try to better understand how exercise can both elevate inflammation and simultaneously protect the body against cancer，scientists at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark and other institutions decided to closely examine what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease．
So，for the new study，they began by gathering a group of adult lab mice．These animals generally like to run．
The scientists then implanted melanoma（黑素瘤） skin cancer cells into the mice before providing half of them with running wheels in their cages while the other animals remained sedentary．After four weeks，far fewer of the runners had developed full-blown melanoma than the sedentary mice and those that had been diagnosed with the disease showed fewer and smaller lesions．
They drew blood from both the exercising and sedentary animals and cells from any tumors in both groups．As expected，they found much higher levels of the hormone adrenaline in the blood of the exercising animals，especially right after they had been working out on the wheels but also at other times of the day．The body releases adrenaline in response to almost any type of stressful experience，including exercise．
They also found higher levels of interleukin-6in the blood of the runners．This is a substance that is released by working muscles and is believed to both increase and decrease inflammation in the body，depending on where and how it goes to work．
Perhaps most important，they found much higher numbers in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice of a type of immune cell named natural killer cells that are known to be strong cancer fighters．
So the scientists repeated their original experiment multiple times，inducing cancer while allowing some mice to run and others to sit．In some of these follow-up experiments，the scientists injected the runners with a substance that blocked the production of adrenaline and gave sedentary animals large doses of added adrenaline．
What they now found was that when running mice could not produce adrenaline，they developed cancer at the same rate as the sedentary animals，while the sedentary animals that had been injected with extra adrenaline fought off their tumors better than other sitting mice．
More remarkably，the scientists determined that adrenaline seemed to be sending biochemical signals to some of the animals'IL-6cells，making them physiologically more alert，so that when a tumor began to develop in the affected animal，those IL-6cells in turn activated the natural killer cells in the bloodstream and actually directed them to the tumors，like minute guide fish．
With these results，"we show that voluntary wheel running in mice can reduce the growth of tumors，and we have identified an exercise-dependent mobilization of natural killer cells as the underlying cause of this protection，"said Pernille Hojman，a researcher at the University of Copenhagen who oversaw the new study．It perhaps provides one more incentive for us to get up and move．
58．In the first experiment，which one is the most important result the scientists found？A
A．natural killer cells are much more in the bloodstreams of runners than in the sedentary mice．
B．levels of interleukin-6are higher in the blood of the runners than in the sedentary mice．
C．exercise such as running seemed to help the mice fight against the cancer．
D．adrenaline can reduce the severity of cancer or fight it off．
59．In the follow-up experiments，the scientists foundB？
A．the hormone adrenaline has much higher levels in the blood of the exercising animals，
B．how these elements in the runners-their increased adrenaline，IL-6，and natural killer immune cells fight against tumor．
C．interleukin-6can both increase and decrease inflammation in the body，depending on where and how it goes to work．
D．what happens inside mice at high risk for the disease．
60．According to the study，we can infer the fundamental substance to fight the cancer off isC
A．adrenaline
B．interleukin-6
C．natural killer cells
D．genes．

2．Ecotourism
Ecotourism is a responsible way to travel to natural areas which protects the environment and improves the income of the local people．For example，a walk through the rainforest is not ecotourism unless that particular walk helps the environment and the people who live there．A rafting trip （漂流旅行）is only ecotourism if it makes travelers understand the idea of protecting the area．
Adventure Travel
Adventure travel is an unusual experience which includes some level of risk and uncertainty，and may include some unusual means of transport．This kind of tourism is often divided into"soft"and"hard"adventure holidays．Soft adventures have a lower level of risk，have greater comfort and are less physically tiring．Hard adventures have very basic accommodation（住宿） and greater physical challenges，such as mountain climbing，backpacking or river expeditions（探险）．
Sustainable（可持续的）Tourism
This includes any form of tourism that does not influence the environment or stop other travelers from enjoying the same experience．
Responsible Tourism
Responsible tourism operates to reduce any influence by the tourists on the environment．A camping trip which aims to pick up all its rubbish leaving none behind would be considered responsible tourism．
Naturebased Tourism
Naturebased tourism is any holiday that concentrates on one part of nature such as a birdwatching holiday．
Green Tourism
Green tourism is any accommodation for a holiday which operates in an environmentally friendly way．
Multisport Adventures
These holidays concentrate on physical outdoor activities．Rafting，riding，mountain biking，climbing，surfing，diving，etc，may all be offered on this kind of holiday．
Cultural Tourism
The main point of cultural tourism is to learn from other cultures and understand more about people from different countries．
25．Which of the following is"ecotourism"？B
A．A birdwatching trip which helps learn biology．
B．Mountain climbing for picking up some rubbish．
C．A physical outdoor activity which helps to build you up．
D．A walk through the country with some paper bags to sell．
26．According to the text，which of the following is a soft adventure？D
A．A usual experience of climbing．
B．Biking along the country road．
C．An expedition along a strange river．
D．Rafting with the guide's help．
27．If you want to learn more about foreign countries，you will chooseA．
A．Cultural Tourism
B．Green Tourism
C．Ecotourism
D．Sustainable Tourism
28．This text mainly talks aboutC．
A．the tips of tourism
B．the advantages of tourism
C．different forms of tourism
D．the ways of spending holiday．

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