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Katharine Meyer Graham was once described as “the most powerful woman in America.” She was not a government official or elected representative. She owned and published The Washington Post. Under her leadership, it became one of the most important newspapers in the country.

Katharine Meyer was born in New York City in 1917. Her father was a successful investment banker and became an important financial official. Her family was very rich. Katharine grew up in large houses in New York and Washington. Her parents were often away from home, traveling and working, Katharine was often lonely. Katherine Meyer graduated from the University of Chicago in Illinois in 1938. In 1933, her father bought a failing newspaper, The Washington Post. It was the least successful one of five newspapers in Washington.

Katharine Graham returned to Washington and got a job editing letters to the editor of her father's newspaper. She married Philip Graham. He was a clerk for Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter but soon accepted a job at his wife's father's newspaper. Mr. Graham improved The Washington Post. He bought Newsweek and several television stations. He also established close ties with important political leaders. However, Mr. Graham treated his wife badly. He had an affair with a young reporter. For many years, Mr. Graham suffered from mental illness. He killed himself in 1963.

Katharine Graham had four children to raise and a newspaper to operate. At first, she was only concerned about finding a way to keep control of The Washington Post until her sons were old enough. She did not think she had the ability to do an important job. She had no training in business or experience in operating a large company. In those days, it was unusual for a woman to be the head of a business. Women were expected to look after their homes and children.

Katharine Graham met with officials of The Washington Post. She was elected president of The Washington Post Company. She had no idea about how to operate a newspaper. So she decided to learn. She began by hiring Benjamin C.Bradlee. He later became chief editor. Mr. Bradlee improved the newspaper. He hired excellent reporters and editors. They began doing important investigative reporting. In 1969, Mrs. Graham became publisher as well as president of The Washington Post Company. In the 1970s, The Washington Post became famous around the world because of two major successes.

1.Katharine Graham is considered powerful because ____________.

A. she was born of a very rich family

B. she had the most important newspaper

C. she was in charge of the The Washington Post

D. she gained much money from newspapers

2.We can infer from the second paragraph that Katharine Graham _____________.

A. was one of the top students at university

B. helped her father in purchasing the paper

C. didn’t take interest in managing a bank

D. lived a rich life when she was young

3.After Katharine Graham got married ___________.

A. her husband gave up his previous job

B. she got a job editing letters for the editor

C. she made The Washington Post improved

D. her husband wanted to be a political leader

4.Faced with the death of Mr. Graham ____________.

A. Katharine Graham had confidence to operate the newspaper well.

B. Katharine Graham made up her mind to raise the kids.

C. KatharineGraham thought more about gaining experience.

D. Katharine Graham seemed to be trapped in the dark world.

5.What do you think of Benjamin C. Bradlee?

A. He was an expert when it came to earning money.

B. He brought The Washington Post back to life.

C. He intended to buy The Washington Post.

D. He should have given more help to Katharine Graham.

Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.

November 7th

The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.

December 5th

Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.

February 6th

An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.

March 6th

Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.

Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book

More into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson

London Canal Museum

12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT

www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi

Tel:020 77130836

1.When is the talk on James Brindley?

A. February 6th. B. March 6th.

C. November 7th. D. December 5th.

2.What is the topic of the talk in February?

A. The Canal Pioneers.

B. Ice for the Metropolis

C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands

D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals

3.Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.

A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker

C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne

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