The dying man is the help of the doctor.A．outsideB．withoutC．out ofD．Beyond 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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18. The dying man is _____ the help of the doctor.

A．outside

B．without

C．out of

D．Beyond

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Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion.

Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, where as if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary(当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illnesses than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.

When older people become senile (衰老的) or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (疗养的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping (倒垃圾的) grounds” for the dying in which “care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under skilled personnel.

1. The author believes that the population explosion results from _______.

A. an increase in birthrates B. the industrial development

C. a decrease in death rates D. human beings’ cultural advances

2. It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures _______.

A. it was a moral responsibility for the families to keep alive the aged people who could not work

B. the survival of infants was less important than that of their parents in times of starvation

C. old people were given the task of imparting the cultural wisdom of the tribe to new generations

D. death was celebrated as a time of rejoicing for an individual freed of the hardships of life

3. According to the passage, which of the following statements about the old people in the United States is true?

A. Many of them live on social security money which is hardly enough.

B. Minority of them remain in a state of near poverty after their retirement.

C. When they reach a certain age, compulsory retirement is necessary and beneficial.

D. With the growing inflation, they must suffer more from unbearable burdens than ever.

4. The phrase “this need” in paragraph 3 refers to ________.

A. prolonging the dying old people’s lives

B. reducing the problems caused by the retired people

C. making profits through caring for the sick or weak people

D. taking care of the sick or weak people

5. Which of the following best describes the author’s attitude toward most of the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals?

A. Sympathetic. B. Approving. C. Optimistic. D. Critical.

A black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces(熔炉) that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.

The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.

After the explosion gravity pulls in what’s left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so dense that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billion of pounds.

The more the star shrinks, the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born!

That’s what we know about black holes. What we don’t know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine.

But if the black hole doesn’t keep shrinking, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world．They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words a black hole in our universe could turn into a “white hole” in a different universe. As the black hole swallows light, the white hole shines brightly — somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time — many years in the past or future.

Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed．So far the time being, black hole must remain a mystery.

Black holes are a mystery—but that hasn’t stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earth’s energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could some day be used to swallow earthly waste—a sort of huge waste disposal (处理) in the sky!

When the star begins to die ______.

A．there is no fuel left in it B．its outer layer goes into space first

C．a huge explosion will happen D．it doesn’t give off light any longer

Which of the following doesn’t help produce a black hole?

A．The gravity inside the star is very strong.

B．The light can’t go out of the star.

C．The star becomes smaller and smaller

D．The dying star shines very brightly.

The black hole ______.

A．continues becoming smaller and smaller all the time

B．goes into another universe and becomes a white hole

C．can pull in everything we know of in the world

D．will appear at another place at a different time

The author mainly intended to tell us _____.

A．A New Scientific Discovery: Black Holes

B．How Black Holes Came Into Being

C．What Black Holes Are

D．Travel Through A Black Hole

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。下面是几部荣获奥斯卡奖的著名电影，首先请阅读它们的海报信息：

A. The Hurt Locker

US Army ordnance disposal teams disarm improvised explosive device (IED)placed by Iraqi guerrilla fighters． B． Slumdog Millionaire

TV game—show success fuels one man’s escape from poverty in this Bollywood-tinged romantic drama．

C． The Departed

A policeman and a criminal go undercover and infiltrate(渗透) each Other’s worlds in this crime thriller． D. Dances With Wolves

A nineteenth—century soldier learns to respect and then love the Lakota(拉科他族人) way of life

E． Brave heart

Thirteenth—century Scot Sir William Wallace takes up the sword to defend his people against the English． F. Gladiator

A slave in ancient Rome finds dignity and a reason to live in gladiatorial combat．

下面是对这几部影片的简要介绍，请把它们对应的海报找出来：

1.Sergeant First Class William James，a battle．tested veteran，arrives as a new team leader in Bravo company of a U.S. Army Explosive Ordnance Disposal (E.O.D.) unit to disarm improvised explosive device in Iraq in 2004，replacing Staff Sergeant Matthew Thompson, who is killed by a radio—controlled improvised explosive device in Baghdad．

2.In AD 180，the dying Roman emperor wishes to grant temporary leadership to Maximus, but was killed by his son，Commodus, Maximus realizes the truth，but unfortunately, he is taken to Zucchabar, a Roman city in North Africa，by slave traders。There，he iS bought by Proximo, and forced to fight for his life as a gladiator in arena tournaments．

3.In the 13th century，after several years of political unrest，Scotland is invaded and conquered by King Edward I of England．Young witnesses the treachery of Longshanks, survives the death of his father and brother．Twenty or so years later, he led the people to fight against the English army, but finally he was killed．1eaving a shout“Freedom!”

4.In Mumbai，India，eighteen-year-old Jamal Malik, a former street child from the Juhu slum, is a contestant on the TV show of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire．and is one question away from the grand prize．However，he is detained and interrogated by the police，who suspect him of cheating because of the impossibility of a simple“slumdog”knowing all the answers．Jamal recounts the incidents in his life which provided him with each answer．

5.Colin is introduced to organized crime by Irish mobster Costello．Costello trains him to become a mole inside the Massachusetts State Police．Colin is accepted into the Special Investigations Unit，which focuses on organized crime．Before Billy graduates from the police academy，he is asked by Captain Queenan to go undercover, as his family ties to organized crime make him a perfect infiltrator．

In class, fewer of the students who are not ___ their studies sometimes ____the dying robots,not listening attentively.

A. accustomed to ; are functioned as B. accurate in; function

C. sceptical of; are functioned D. addicted to; function as

“If I ________ taking drugs, I would be a successful businessman now,” said the dying drug addict.

A．didn’t start

B．haven’t started

C．hadn’t started

D．shouldn’t start

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