What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no . It isn’t the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools w 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It isn’t the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigation, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further; he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works.
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There’s no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration(实证) must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason why investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the Theory of Relativity, arrived at the theory through mathematics. The accuracy(正确性) of his mathematics was later tested through investigation. Einstein’s ideas were proved to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations(计算) that may test his investigations
【小题1】 What makes a scientist according to the passage?

A．The tools he uses.	B．His ways of learning
C．The way he uses his tools	D．The various tools he uses

【小题2】 “…knowing how to investigation, how to discover information, is important to everyone.”
The writer says this to show ___________.

A．the importance of information

B．the difference between scientists and ordinary people.

C．the importance of thinking

D．the difference between carpenters and ordinary people

【小题3】 A sound scientific theory should be one that _________.

A．works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other times

B．doesn’t allow any change even under different conditions

C．Can be used many times under different conditions

D．Can be used for many purposes

【小题4】 What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Scientists are different from ordinary people.

B．The Theory of Relativity.

C．Exactness is the core (核心) of science.

D．Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist.

【小题1】C
【小题1】C
【小题1】A
【小题1】D

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Millions of people pass through the gates of Disney’s entertainment parks in California, Florida and Japan each year. What makes these place an almost universal attraction? What makes foreign kings and queens and other important people want to visit these Disney parks? Well, one reason is the way they’re treated once they get there. The people at Disney go out of their way to serve their “guests”, as they prefer to call them, and to see that they enjoy themselves.

All new employees, from vice presidents to part-time workers, begin their employment by attending Disney University and taking “Traditions（传统）I”. Here, they learn about the company’s history, how it is managed, and why it is successful. They are shown how each department relates to the whole. All employees are shown how their part is important in making the park a success.

After passing “Traditions I”, the employees go on to do more specialized training for their specific（具体的）jobs. No detail（细节）is missed. A simple job like taking tickets requires four eight-hour days of training. When one ticket taker was asked why it took so much training for such a simple, ordinary job, he replied, “What happens if someone wants to know where the restrooms are, when the parade starts or what bus to take back to the campgrounds?…We need to know the answers or where to get them quickly. Our constant aim is to help our guests enjoy the party.”

Even Disney’s managers get involved in the daily management of the park. Every year, the mangers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes. For a full week, the bosses sell hot dogs or ice cream, take tickets or drive the monorail（单轨车）, and take up any of the 100 jobs that make the entertainment park come alive. The managers agree that this week help them to see the company’s goals more clearly.

All these efforts to serve the public well have made Walt Disney Productions famous. Disney is considered by many as the best mass service provider in America or the world. As one longtime business observer once said, “How Disney treats people, communicates with them, rewards them , is in my view the very reason for his fifty years of success… I have watched, very carefully and with great respect and admiration, the theory and practice of selling satisfaction and serving millions of people on a daily basis, successfully. It is what Disney does best.”

36. The first day they come to Disney parks, all new employees .

A. begin by receiving on-the-job training

B. must learn several jobs

C. begin as ticket takers

D. have already attended Disney University

37. Each year, managers wear special service clothes and work in the park to .

A. set a good example for employees

B. remind themselves of their beginnings at Disney

C. gain a better view of the company’s objectives

D. replace employees on holiday

38. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Tourists learn the history of Disney in its entertainment parks.

B. Disney attracts people almost from all over the world.

C. Parades are regularly held in Disney’s entertainment parks.

D. Disney’s managers are able to do almost all kinds of work in the Disney parks.

39. This passage is mainly about .

A. how Disney employees are trained

B. the history and traditions of the Disney enterprises

C. why Disney enterprises make a lot of money

D. the importance Disney place on serving people well

[1]A long red bridge stretches out across water. It runs across the Golden Gate. This is not the entrance to some sacred land，but it is just as magical. The Golden Gate is where San Francisco Bay meets the Pacific Ocean, and at night the scene of the bridge lit up over the water takes your breath away.

[2]Welcome to San Francisco, a place famous for its beautiful parks, hilly streets and lovely beaches. But the bridge is undoubtedly the most well-known symbol of the city. Before its completion in 1937, the bridge was considered impossible to build because of the foggy weather ,powerful winds, and strong ocean currents in the city. However, despite the difficult conditions, the bridge was built in no more than four years. Its total length is nearly 2 kilometers.

[3]San Francisco ranks first on Lonely Planet’S list of best cities to visit in 2013. According to the world’s largest travel publisher, it came top as a result of its cultural mix.

[4]According to the US 2010 census (人口普查）, 21 percent of the city’s population is made up of Chinese people. San Francisco’s Chinatown is the largest outside of Asia and the oldest in North America. Two traditional festivals, the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, are the biggest events of the year on the city’s calendar.

[5]If yellow cabs are a key part of New York city life, then the cable car is San Francisco’s equivalent. The first cable car came into public service in 1873, and the slow and noisy vehicle has been a symbol of the city ever since. The cable car network was once damaged by a serious earthquake but, luckily, it has now recovered and provides better views than the subway.

1.What makes the Golden Gate Bridge so famous? (No more than 10 words)

2.Why does the author mention the Golden Gate bridge at the beginning?

(No more than 8 words)

3.What made San Francisco rank first on Lonely Planet’s list of cities to visit in 2013?

(No more than 3 words)

4.Why is the slow and noisy cable car preferred in San Francisco? (No more than 12 words)

5.What does the writer want to tell us? (No more than 8 words)

The television news feature about Ben Heckmann, an eighth grader from Farmington, Minn, was breathless in its praise. “At 14, he has accomplished something many adults can’t achieve,” the reporter said, “Ben is a twice-published author.” But Ben’s two “Velvet Black” books, describing a fictional rock band, were not picked from a pile of manuscripts（手稿）by an eagle eyed publisher. They were self-published, at the cost of $400 by Ben’s parents.

Over the past five years, print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspired writers of all ages to avoid the traditional gatekeeping system for determining who could call himself a “published author.”

The mothers and fathers who foot the bill say they are simply trying to encourage their children, in the same way that other parents buy equipment for a promising baseball player. But others see self-publishing as a lost opportunity to teach children about hardship and perseverance. Mr. Robbins, a critic, thinks it is wonderful to start writing at a young age, but worries self-publishing sends the wrong message. “There are no prodigies(神童) in literature,” he said. “Literature requires experience, in a way that mathematics and music do not.” Alan Rinzler, a publishing industry veteran, suggested parents hire a professional editor like him to work with their child to tear a manuscript apart and help make a better. Ben’s father, Ken, said Ben’s ambitions “weren’t to knock Harry Potter off the list,” but “to get that good feeling inside that you’ve done something.”

Ajla Dizdarevic, 12, who has self-published two books of poetry, has been on television and in local newspapers. “Being a published author,” she said, “was always a dream of mine.” Her new dream: three books by age 15.

1.Which of the following is true of Ben?

A．He has achieved something unusual for his age.

B．His self-published books were well received.

C．His manuscripts were favored by the publisher.

D．He was thought little of by the public media.

2.What makes it possible for writers of all ages to self-publish their works?

A．The rapid increase of online readership.

B．The increasing number of publishers.

C．The immediate access to marketing agencies.

D．The development of printing and publishing.

3.Why do some parents pay the self-publishing bill?

A．They want to offer opportunities to their children.

B．They want to give encouragement to their children.

C．They want to help their children avoid hardship.

D．They want to show love and care for their children.

4.What dose Alan Rinzler suggest that children should do?

A．Be forbidden to write books

B．Start writing at an early age

C．Be professionally guided

D．Learn from experience

5.Why do some children self-publish works according to the last part?

A．Just to achieve their dreams.

B．Just to earn more money.

C．Just to gain self-confidence.

D．Just to satisfy their parents.

There is only one winner and in this case it is Gina Rinehart who has won it all. In her own words, "beauty is an iron mine", Gina suggested her recipe for glory and fame. She has been announced as the richest woman of the world by BRW (formerly Business Review Weekly) in May 2012. Let's read more about her life and journey to the top.

Georgina "Gina" Hope Rinehart was born on 9th February, 1954 in Perth, Western Australia, to Hope Margaret Nicholas and Lang Hancock, the mining king. Her father discovered one of the world's biggest reserves in the early 1950s. Gina gained lots of knowledge of the iron-ore industry while working with her father. She married an Englishman Greg Milton, at the age of 19 and together they had two children, John Langley and Bianca Hope. Soon the marriage broke off and she remarried in 1983. Frank Rinehart and Gina had two children: Ginia and Hope. Frank died in 1990. Since then, Gina has devoted herself to her work and empire.

She was the sole heir (唯一继承人) of her family's wealth. Then after her father died in 1992, she started her professional career as the Executive Chairman of Hancock Prospecting Pty Limited (HPPL) and other privately owned group of companies. At that time, the company centered its functioning to mining-related explorations and accumulation of vast mining leases (租约). From there, Rinehart worked her way towards transforming the leases into profit earning mines. She also worked together with other companies to raise capital. Her efforts made the business increase three times in 2011 as much as before.

At home, Rinehart was working to expand the family business, but she did not satisfy herself with it. In 2010, she stepped into the media industry by acquiring 10% stake (股份) in Ten Network Holdings. Afterwards, she went on to hold stake in Fairfax Media, proving that mining is not her only interest. In June 2012, by increasing her stake in Fairfax to 18.67%, she became the largest stakeholder in the company. With this, she now stands at the head of $US 29.3 billion worth of an empire. Two new projects related to the mining sector in Central Queensland and Roy Hill are expected to begin in 2013.

Gina Rinehart has made her way from being Australia's Richest Woman to Australia's Richest Person and then to World's Richest Woman.

1.According to Gina Rinehart, what makes her successful and famous?

A．Her own beauty. B．Her wealth. C．Her family. D．The iron-ore industry.

2.What’s the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．Gina Rinehart’s business career. B．Gina Rinehart’s education.

C．Gina Rinehart’s life and family. D．Gina Rinehart’s two marriages.

3.How old was Gina Rinehart when she succeeded her father?

A．She was 58 yeas old. B．She was 62 years old.

C．She was 38 years old. D．She was 36 years old.

4.After being the Executive Chairman, Gina Rinehart made several reforms EXCEPT ______.

A．stepping into the media industry

B．transforming the leases into profit earning mines

C．working together with other companies to raise capital

D．focusing on mining-related explorations and accumulation of vast mining leases

5.Which of the following can best describe Gina Rinehart?

A．Poorly-educated. B．Stubborn. C．Hardworking. D．Modest.

Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness?__51___. The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.

※ Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.

※Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. ___52___.

※When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor.

※__53_. These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.

※ __54__ . Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.

※Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.

※Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. __55__.

A．What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.

B．On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.

C．Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mood．

D．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.

E．Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy.

F．There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.

G．It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.

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