In many societies, there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin．Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty, intelligence and success．These beliefs can lead to social pressure even 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

In many societies, there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin．Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty, intelligence and success．These beliefs can lead to social pressure even within the same racial or ethnic group, if some members are darker skinned than others．

The result is that skin lightening has become a common activity across Africa, Asia and other areas of the world．More and more people with dark skin are using skin-lightening products, even if they may face health risks.

They believe that having whiter skin will improve their lives．Many people think they will have a better chance of getting a job or marrying into a better family．Or they want to look like what their society generally considers beautiful.

Some beauty care products and soaps contain chemicals that make skin lighter．This process is also called bleaching．But some of the chemicals are extremely dangerous．One of the chemicals has been linked to kidney (肾) damage and some kinds of cancer．It also causes low birth weight in babies when mothers use it during pregnancy．

At first, bleaching products make the skin color lighter．But after long-term use they can cause problems．They can even make some skin darker．The chemicals in the products block and break down the natural process that gives color to skin．The skin loses its natural barrier to protect against sunlight．Then the skin can become thick and discolored．Usually the person will use more of the product in an effort to correct the problem, but this only makes it worse.

Fatimata Ly treats skin conditions in the Senegalese capital，Dakar．Doctor Ly says skin bleaching has become a problem throughout Senegal．She says the chemicals are now more dangerous because they are stronger．Some cases have resulted in blackened fingernails, infections and permanent skin damage．

And these are not the only risks．Experts say some people who change their skin color suffer emotional damage．They feel regret and sadness．They feel that instead of risking their health, they should have learned to love and accept their skin color as it was．

1．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “bleaching”?

A．whitening B．changing C．lighting D．pleasing

2．Why has the skin lightening become a common activity all over the world?

A．There are many products that can make the dark skin light.

B．Many people with dark skin have no confidence.

C．Relatively speaking, light skin has more advantages over dark skin.

D．People with dark skin are forced by the pressure of their families.

3．According to the text the following are the risks using the bleaching products EXCEPT______.

A．blackened fingernails B．permanent skin damage

C．emotional damage D．a waste of time and money

4．From the text we can conclude the writer’s attitude toward using the bleaching products is probably ___________．

A．supportive B．positive C．doubtful D．negative

【小题1】A

【小题2】C

【小题3】D

【小题4】D

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A. One Important Factor in Conversation

B. It's not Difficult to Talk Well

C. A Famous Master of the Art

D. Pronunciation and Usage

E. What Makes a Good Talker

F. Talk with Strangers

1.______________________

The ancient Greeks were very good at making conversations, and the greatest talker of them all was philosopher Socrates. His pupil, Plato, recorded some of his supposed conversations, and we read them in ‘ The dialogues' of Plato. In many classrooms today, Socrates' method of teaching is used.

2.____________________

The best talkers appear to have a great interest in and love for their fellow creatures; a curiosity about the world in general; some powers of observation and reflection; respect for their own opinions and tolerance for those of others; and quick thinking. And they talked for the fun of it, not to show off their knowledge.

3.____________________

A good voice must have the help of good speech, whose two assistants are clear enunciation (清晰发音)and correct pronunciation. Poor enunciation may suggest to your listeners that you lack consideration, and that you are not especially concerned about their opinion of you.

4.___________________

Pronunciation is settled by common agreement of the community or group speaking the particular language or dialect. For standard pronunciation of words, a dictionary is your best friend. The usage of words is somewhat the same as pronunciation. To be accurate in your use of words is very important in your conversation. Dictionaries usually provide the usage of words. So whenever you meet with new words, it is a good idea to look them up in the dictionary.

5.____________________

Think of meeting a stranger as a chance to have a good time to talk, to make a friend. Look with a smile directly into the other’s eyes when you are intructed, and shake hands with a firm, friendly clasp. This will give you confidence. Then try to have a smooth and pleasant conversation with him.

Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870, it was experiencing an economic(经济的)boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs. These jobs didn′t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known an the tango(探戈舞)came into being

At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets. At that time there many fewer women than men, so if a man didn′t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women. Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.

In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning

The interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞)to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters of the Paris theaters. After tango dances from Argentina arrive in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public an they performed their exiting dance in cafes, Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.

The popularity（流行）Of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America, It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act an a kind of dance ambassador, and promote tango dancing throughout South Korea.

1.The origin of the tango is associated with

A Belly dances B. American soldiers

C. Spanish city D. the capital of Argentina

2. Which of the following is true about the tango?

A．It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.

B．People of the upper classes loved the tango most

C．It was often danced by two male in the beginning

D．A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.

3.Before World War I, the tango spread to

A．America B．Japan

C．France D．South Korea

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A．How to Dance the Tango B．The History of the Tango

C．How to Promote the Tango D．The Modern Tango Boom

Charlton Heston was born in 1923 in Evanston, Illinois. Charlton Heston discovered his interest in acting while performing in plays at his high school. He later spent two years studying theater at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. But he left college to join the Army Air Forces during World War Two.

After the war, he found small roles in the theater as well as in television shows. His performance in a television version of the book Jane Eyre caught the attention of the Hollywood producer Cecil B. DeMille who later asked Heston to play the role of Moses in his movie The Ten Commandments which came out in 1956. This role made Heston famous and defined (明确) his career as a hero and leader. His face and body represented strength and heroism in many different roles. He played cowboys, soldiers and athletes.

The 1959 movie Ben Hur made Charlton Heston an even bigger star. Ben Hur won eleven Academy Awards, including Best Actor for Charlton Heston. Heston starred in many adventure movies during the 1960s. In the 1970s, Heston appeared in popular disaster movies like Earthquake,. Skyjacked and Airport 1975.

Charlton Heston was also very active in the movie industry. He worked to help set up the American Film Institute. In 1977 he was honored for his service in the industry. He received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 1997 he was awarded a Kennedy Center Honor. And, in 2003, President Bush gave Charlton Heston a Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor.

In 2000, Charlton Heston issued a statement announcing that he had an Alzheimer's disease. He died in 2008 at his home in Beverly Hills, California.

1.What kind of role did Charlton Heston often play in films?

A．Heroes. B．Cowboys. C．Soldiers. D．Athletes.

2.Which film won Best Actor for Charlton Heston?

A．Jane Eyre.

B．Earthquake.

C．Ben Hur.

D．The Ten Commandments.

3.What can we learn about Charlton Heston according to the passage?

A．He began to show his talent in Ben Hut. B．He used to be a soldier.

C．He was once awarded by Kennedy. D．He won eleven Academy Awards.

4.What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A．How Charlton Heston became famous.

B．How Charlton Heston began his career.

C．Who made Charlton Heston a popular star.

D．Who made Charlton Heston win so many awards.

The hit movie Notting Hill begins with a famous scene. Hugh Grant bumps (撞) into Julia Roberts and spills (洒) orange juice all over her. After the collision, Grant repeatedly says: “ I am so sorry. I am so sorry.”

His actions in this scene are very British. If Roberts’ character were from Britain then she would probably apologize repeatedly as well—even if the crash were not her fault. But this doesn’t happen in the film, as Roberts is from the US.

A report in The Telegraph last week said that three-quarters of British people apologize when they bump into someone in the street — regardless of whether they are responsible or not. In fact, we Britons use “sorry” in many situations. For example, if we mishear someone, we say “Sorry?” The person we are talking to will also apologize by replying: “No, I am sorry!” This can go on for up to five minutes as we compete over who is the most sorry.

Life is never as simple as “duibuqi” and “meiguanxi”.

How we use “sorry” has changed. Traditionally, “sorry” was used to express deep regret, but a survey in 2007 showed that we use it to mean anything from “what” to “whatever”.

Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrell, a psychology writer in the UK, thinks about our apologetic tendencies are rooted in the British class system. We say sorry because historically the new middle classes in Britain had to apologize for not being working class, but also for not really being upper class. Another theory is that we apologize to avoid confrontation(冲突). For example, if you bump into someone they might get angry. To avoid this we instantly say “Sorry!”.

True manners are about being considerate and the modern day obsession with apologizing show that we are perhaps not as thoughtful as we once were. The word has lost some of its meaning. Do you see my point? Sorry, it might just be a British thing…

1.What can we infer from paragraph 2?

A．In fact Roberts are responsible for the collision.

B．People from the US say “sorry” more than British people.

C．There is no crash happening in the film.

D．British people say sorry even if it is not their fault.

2.Which of the following might Mark Tyrell agree to?

A．British people are sincere while saying sorry.

B．Now more British people say sorry because of the British class system.

C．British people say sorry to avoid quarrels.

D．British people apologize for not working hard.

3.What does the author want to tell us with the passage?

A．British people overuse “sorry” in daily life.

B．British people now say “sorry” in different situations.

C．Middle classes in British are to blame for not being working class.

D．Britons say “sorry” to avoid confrontation.

4.What does the underlined word “collision” in the first paragraph mean?

A．quarrel B．disagreement C．crash D．fight

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The First Americans

There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America．The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska．The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food．

Finally, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared．The settlers, who I shall call the "First Americans" , could not return to their homeland． 1

For the next few thousand years, the First Americans moved south and east throughout North and South America．They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of more than 10,000 miles． 2

In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean． 3 __ In the summer, they gathered berries and other plants．In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer．It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these terrible conditions．

Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers．They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs． 4 The dwellings they built in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings．

5 They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year．They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert．

A．They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes．

B．Along the way, they established many different civilizations．

C．They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone．

D．People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs．

E. They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food．

F. They would have to survive in the New World, they had discovered．

G. The First Americans of the Southwest learned to water the desert．

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