题目内容

In a second-hand bookshop, one might, _________pick up an old book that might be worth many pounds for a few pence.

A. constantly        B. essentially

C. specially         D. occasionally

【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。句意：在二手书店里，人们有时候可能会花上几个便士就能买到价值许多英镑的书。constantly不断地，时常地；essentially实质上，本质上；specially特别地，专门地；occasionally偶尔地，有时候。

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Dreaming is believing, claim researchers of a new study, who found that dreams have an effect on people’s behavior, judgment and they might contain important hidden truths as well.
“Psychologists’ interpretations (解释) of the meaning of dreams vary widely. But our findings show that people believe their dreams provide meaningful insight (见识) into themselves and their world,” said a lead author of the study Carey More wedge, an assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon University.
In six different studies, researchers surveyed nearly 1,100 people about their dreams. One of the studies focused on general beliefs about dreams and involved 149 university students. All students were asked to rate different theories about dreams. The experts found that a surprising majority of the participants supported the theory about dreams revealing (揭示) the hidden truths about themselves and the rest of the world.
In a second experiment, they surveyed 182 people at a Boston train station, and asked them to imagine one out of four possible situations that could have occurred the night before a scheduled airline trip. Most of the participants said that dreaming of a plane crash would be more likely to affect their travel plans than would just thinking about a crash, or being warned by the government of a terrorism risk. They said a dreamed crash would influence their travel plans just as much as learning about a real crash on their planned route would.
Another experiment involved 270 men and women from across the United States. In a short online survey, they were asked to recall one of the dreams they had seen about any person they knew. The findings showed that people were more likely to remember and describe pleasant dreams about a person they liked, rather than a person they disliked. Meanwhile, in most cases they tended to consider an unpleasant dream as more meaningful if it was about a person they disliked.
“In other words,” said More wedge, “people attribute (归因于) meaning to dreams when it corresponds (与……一致) with their pre-existing beliefs and desires.” The researchers say that more investigation (研究) is needed to fully understand how people interpret their dreams. According to More wedge, most people realize that dreams are not predicting their future, but they still try to find some meaning in there.
【小题1】The purpose of the studies is to _______.

A．determine when people tend to remember their dreams
B．research whether dreams have anything to do with real life
C．find out how people interpret their dreams and what impact that has
D．understand what causes people to dream and how to interpret dreams
【小题2】According to the second experiment, what might influence people’s travel plans most?
A．Thinking about a past plane crash.
B．Dreaming about a plane crash.
C．Hearing a government’s warning of a terrorism risk.
D．Imagining a plane crashing on their planned route.
【小题3】What can be concluded from the study?
A．When a dream conflicts with people’s existing beliefs and desires, they tend to attribute less
meaning to it.
B．Most people disagree that dreams help them better know themselves and the world.
C．A majority of people believes that dreams can predict their future and try to find their meaning.
D．Dreams can be a useful tool for learning and problem solving.
【小题4】Which kind of dream is seen as more meaningful than the rest?
A．A pleasant dream about a person the dreamer likes.
B．A pleasant dream about a person the dreamer dislikes
C．An unpleasant dream about a person the dreamer likes.
D．An unpleasant dream about a person the dreamer dislikes.


B
　　Fever has usually been regarded as a threat to health.However,no one has actually proved that fever is dangerous.This fact attracted the attention of Matthew J.Kluger.Imagining that fever might not be as harmful as it had been supposed,Kluger set up a series of experiments with lizards(蜥蜴).
　　What Kluger and his team did his team did in their first experiment was simple.They put some lizards in a sand-box,one end of which was heated to 44℃,while the other was at a room temperature.It was found that the lizards moved form one part of the box to the other in order to keep a constant temperature of about 38℃.Having shown that normal lizards regulate(调节) their own temperature,Kuger,in a second experiment,then set out to show that lizards,like most other animals,develop fever when infected.This was done by making lizards infected with bacteria (细菌) that were known to cause disease.As the team expected,the infected lizards remained longer in the heated part of the box,until they had raised their body temperatures to two or three degrees above normal.In other words,the sick lizards gave themselves fever.
　　In a third experiment,the team observed the effect of temperature on the survival of the lizards.One group of infected lizards was given a fever - suppressing(退烧) drug.The other group was given no drug and ran a fever,that is to say,they kept a highter temperature for four or five days before seeking a cooler environment.The results were impressive.Of those which raised their body temperature,all but one remained alive.Of those given the fever - suppressing drug,more than half died.Similar results have since been produced in other animals.For example,infeced fish swim to warmer water,and will die if not allowed to do so.
　　An important conclusion can be drawn from these experiments.As Kluger points out,lizards have been on earth for hundreds of millions of years.It is reasonable to suppose that a response that is so old has been kept by nature for some purpose.It would appear, therefore, that fever does not make disease worse.Rather it its part of the mechanism(机能) by which infection is controlled.
　　60.In his experiments,Kluger was hoping to prove that fever ________.
　　　A.is not harmful to lizards
　　　B.is not necessarily bad
　　　C.is necessary for both humans and animals
　　　D.has the same effect on humans and animals
　　61.The lizards put in the sand - box in the first experiment _____.
　　　A.had a fever B.were not sick C.recovered from disease D.died of heat
　　62.In the third experiment,the lizards given a fever - suppressing drug died because _____.
　　　A.they had no more fever that they needed
　　　B.they were normal ones and had no fever
　　　C.the drug had no iffect on sick lizards
　　　D.the drug made their body temperature too low
　　63.How would you understand the underlined words"a response" in the last paragraph?
　　　A.Gause of disease. B.Recovery from disease.
　　　C.Relationship between living D.Natural defense in the body against disease.

It is not unusual for people to speak two or three languages; they’re known as bilinguals or trilinguals. Speakers of more than three languages are known as polyglots. And when we refer to people who speak many languages, perhaps a dozen or more, we use the term hyper-polyglot.

The most famous hyper-polyglot was Giuseppe Mezzofanti, a 19th century Italian cardinal, who was said to speak 72 languages. This claim sounds absurd. If you assume each language had 20,000 words, Mezzofanti would have to learn a word a minute, six hours a day, for eleven years—an impossible task. But Mezzofanti was tested by critics, and they were all impressed.

Did Mezzofanti have an extraordinary brain? Or are hyper-polyglots just ordinary people with ordinary brains who manage to do something extraordinary through hard work?

U.S. linguist Stephen Drashen believes that outstanding language learners just work harder at it and then they acquire unusually strong language ability. As an example, he mentions a Hungarian woman who worked as an interpreter during the 20th century. When she was 86, she could speak 16 languages and was still working on learning new languages. She said she learned them mostly on her own, reading fiction or working through dictionaries or textbooks.

Some researchers argue to the contrary. They believe that there is such a thing as a talent for learning languages. In the 1930s, a German scientist examined parts of the preserved brain of a hyper-polyglot named Emil Krebs, who could speak 60 languages fluently. The scientist found that the area of Krebs’s brain called Broca’s area, which is associated with language, looked different from the Broca’s area in the brains of men who speak only one language. However, we still don’t know if Krebs was born with a brain ready to learn dozens of languages or if his brain adapted to the demands he put on it.

Although it is still not clear whether the ability to learn many languages is in born, there’s no doubt that just about all of us can acquire skills in a second, third, or even fourth language by putting our mind to it.

1.What does the underlined sentence imply?

A. Mezzofanti could remember 360 words a day.

B. Mezzofanti had a special way to learn languages.

C. Mezzofanti’s achievement was ridiculous.

D. Mezzofanti language ability was astonishing.

2.The Hungarian woman became a hyper-polyglot mainly because of her __.

A. good memory       B. unique brain      C. hard work      D. learning methods

3.The German scientist’s findings showed that Krebs ___.

A. had an unusual brain

B. was born with great talent

C. had worked hard at languages

D. expected too much of himself

4.The author seems to agree that ___.

A. it is not hard to learn foreign languages

B. hard work plays a part in language learning

C. there is no such thing as a talent for languages

D. hyper-polyglots have an inborn talent for language

 

My l4-year-old son, John, and I spotted the coat at the same time in a second-hand clothing store. It stood out among big and old coats. It had beautiful tailoring and an unbelievable price: $28. I looked at my son and we both said nothing, but John’s eyes shone. Dark, woolen topcoats were popular with teenage boys, but they could cost several hundred dollars new. This coat was even better. John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror. The fit was perfect.

    John wore the coat to school the next day and came home with a big grin. “Did the kids like your coat?” I asked. “They loved it,” he said.

    Over the next few weeks, John changed. He was polite, less argumentative, more thoughtful, and on the whole much happier. “Good dinner, mom,” he would say every evening. Without a word of objection he would carry in wood for the stove. One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off, said: “You’re right. I guess I will.” When I mentioned this incident to one of his teachers, she joked that the coat must have changed him.

John and I both know we should never mistake a person’s clothes for the real person within them. But there is something to be said for wearing a standard of excellence for the world to see, for practicing standards of excellence in thought, speech, and behavior, and for matching what is on the inside to what is on the outside. 

1.What does the author try to express in the first paragraph?

A. The coat looked like a magical coat.

B. They were good at shopping.

C. The coat was a real bargain.

D. They had the same taste in clothes.

2.What does the underlined word “grin” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. A wide smile.                            B. A worried look.

C. A jealous spirit.                        D. A joking tone.

3.After John wore the new coat, the author found he _______.

a. was happier and better-behaved

b. received more praise from his teachers

c. was willing to follow suggestions

d. made rapid progress in study

e. would say sweet words to please her

A. a, b, c             B. a, c, e             C. b, d, e             D. c, d, e

4.What message does the author intend to deliver in the article?

A. We should not judge people by their appearance.

B. Life is full of possibilities when we are young.

C. It’s beneficial to try different things in our lives.

D. What we wear could help shape who we are inside.

 

A mother is devastated, crying, yelling all she can in that dark corner. There was nobody to hear her yell and not a soul to calm her, because outside her house is a long winding lonely road. The wind was at rest and the leaves didn't rustle, silence filling the air. Loneliness was already killing her, but no one knows what made her cry?

Losing something you love with all your heart isn't really the pain you can ever overcome. Radha lost her baby, her only means to live. She saw her child getting killed and the accident was terrible. One lonely night, she was walking down the street to get a breath of fresh air with her child hugged tight in her arms.

The whole time she walked with her child in her arms, the only thing that worried her was Aryan's future. She was imagining and feeling every day of the child's growth and figuring what she would have in store for him. But who knows what's in store for us tomorrow, life can change in a second.

On that deserted road, were a few streetlights barely enough? It was this one light that could be seen from a distance, but as it came closer it got brighter and brighter. That light changed Radha's life into darkness forever. A speeding car came down that road. The driver came with a full speed throwing beer bottles out of his half open window. He was definitely drunk, and the speed took, everything in its path. Just then, there was a loud cry, and silence set in again.

But the mother wasn't hurt. She opened her eyes, unable to focus her eyes, and didn't see Aryan. After a few minutes when her sight cleared up she looked all over in a panic for her baby, but alas! ... The child hadn't even seen life.

Simple, don't drink and drive. You could take a life, but kill a number of people.

1.The word "devastated" in Paragraph 1 would probably mean      .

A. worried         B. scared  C. heart-broken         D. weather-beaten

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE of Radha?

A. She had expected much of Aryan.

B. She got her eyes injured in the accident.

C. She was hit by one bottle on the arm.

D. She had everything ready for Aryan's future.

3.The last sentence underlined implies that             .

A.drunk driving is absolutely forbidden

B.drunk driving is certain to kill a lot of people

C.the driver killed Aryan and his mother

D.there is more than one victim in a car accident

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. The Death of a Miserable Child

B. A Sad Mother on a Windy Night

C. The Price for Another Man's Mistake

D. Overspeeding from Drunk Driving

 

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