题目内容
12.Believe it or not,optical illusion(视错觉) can cut highway crashes.Japan is a case in point.It has reduced car crashes on some roads by nearly 75percent using a simple optical illusion.But stripes,called chevrons(人字形),painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are,and thus drivers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C.is planning to repeat Japan's success.Starting next year,the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Too great speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all serious traffic accidents,according to the foundation.To help reduce those accidents,the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related risks are the greatest curves,exit slopes,traffic circles,and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight,horizontal bars(水平杆)painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half.However,traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons,scientists say,not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower.The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.
36.The passage mainly discussesD.
A.a new type of optical illusion
B.a new pattern for painting highways
C.a new way of training drivers
D.a new way of highway speed control
37.On roads painted with chevrons,drivers tend to feel thatB.
A.they should avoid speed-related danger
B.they should slow down their speed
C.they are driving in the wrong side
D.they are coming near to the speed limit
38.Compared with straight,horizontal bars,what is the advantage of chevrons?A
A.They will have a longer effect on drivers B.They can cut road accidents in half
C.They will look more attractive D.They can keep drivers awake
39.The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans toD.
A.repeat the Japanese road patterns
B.change the road signs across the country
C.replace straight,horizontal bars with chevrons
D.try out the Japanese method in certain areas
40.What does the author say about straight,horizontal bars painted across roads?C
A.They are suitable only on broad roads.
B.They are falling out of use in the United States.
C.They are ignored in a long period of time.
D.They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述的是一种新型的可以控制汽车速度的方式,为了控制车速,减少交通事故,美国决定在公路上画人字形标志,它可以让司机觉得车速过快,从而达到控制车速的目的,然而,当司机习惯于看到画杆时,行驶速度常在数月内返回到全速.
解答 36.D.主旨大意题,通读全文,我们可以知道,在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快,从而达到控制车速的目的,文章讲述的是一种新型的可以控制公路速度的方式;故选D.
37.B.细节理解题,根据文章第二段painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving fasterthan they really are,画上的道路让司机觉得他们驾驶他们真的更快,因此司机慢下来,可知司机会减速;故选B.
38.A.细节理解题,根据文章最后一段The result is a longer lasting reduction of highway speed and thenumber of traffic accidents可知,人字形线比直线、平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响;故选A.
39.D.推理判断题,根据文章第三段Now the American Automobile Association Foundations For TrafficSafety in Washington D.C.is planning to repeat Japan's success,现在在华盛顿特区的美国汽车协会为了交通安全正在计划效仿日本的成功的例子,可知美国要学习日本的方式;故选D.
40.C.推理判断题.根据文章倒数第二段"However,traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars."然而,当司机习惯于看到画杆时行驶速度常在数月内返回到全速;故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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