题目内容

12.Believe it or not,optical illusion(视错觉) can cut highway crashes.
Japan is a case in point.It has reduced car crashes on some roads by nearly 75percent using a simple optical illusion.But stripes,called chevrons(人字形),painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are,and thus drivers slow down.
Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C.is planning to repeat Japan's success.Starting next year,the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.
Too great speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all serious traffic accidents,according to the foundation.To help reduce those accidents,the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related risks are the greatest curves,exit slopes,traffic circles,and bridges.Some studies suggest that straight,horizontal bars(水平杆)painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half.However,traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.
Chevrons,scientists say,not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower.The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.

36.The passage mainly discussesD.
A.a new type of optical illusion
B.a new pattern for painting highways
C.a new way of training drivers
D.a new way of highway speed control
37.On roads painted with chevrons,drivers tend to feel thatB.
A.they should avoid speed-related danger
B.they should slow down their speed
C.they are driving in the wrong side
D.they are coming near to the speed limit
38.Compared with straight,horizontal bars,what is the advantage of chevrons?A
A.They will have a longer effect on drivers B.They can cut road accidents in half
C.They will look more attractive D.They can keep drivers awake
39.The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans toD.
A.repeat the Japanese road patterns
B.change the road signs across the country
C.replace straight,horizontal bars with chevrons
D.try out the Japanese method in certain areas
40.What does the author say about straight,horizontal bars painted across roads?C
A.They are suitable only on broad roads.
B.They are falling out of use in the United States.
C.They are ignored in a long period of time.
D.They cannot be used successfully to traffic circles.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述的是一种新型的可以控制汽车速度的方式,为了控制车速,减少交通事故,美国决定在公路上画人字形标志,它可以让司机觉得车速过快,从而达到控制车速的目的,然而,当司机习惯于看到画杆时,行驶速度常在数月内返回到全速.

解答 36.D.主旨大意题,通读全文,我们可以知道,在高速公路上画各种线是为了让司机觉得车速过快,从而达到控制车速的目的,文章讲述的是一种新型的可以控制公路速度的方式;故选D.
37.B.细节理解题,根据文章第二段painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving fasterthan they really are,画上的道路让司机觉得他们驾驶他们真的更快,因此司机慢下来,可知司机会减速;故选B.
38.A.细节理解题,根据文章最后一段The result is a longer lasting reduction of highway speed and thenumber of traffic accidents可知,人字形线比直线、平等线对控制车速有更长久的影响;故选A.
39.D.推理判断题,根据文章第三段Now the American Automobile Association Foundations For TrafficSafety in Washington D.C.is planning to repeat Japan's success,现在在华盛顿特区的美国汽车协会为了交通安全正在计划效仿日本的成功的例子,可知美国要学习日本的方式;故选D.
40.C.推理判断题.根据文章倒数第二段"However,traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars."然而,当司机习惯于看到画杆时行驶速度常在数月内返回到全速;故选C.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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32.For what purpose did the students take part in the race?C
A.To go across the lake to school.
B.To test their balance on the water.
C.To pass Professor Canaves'class.
D.To win the prize money of﹩500.
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A.The students wore shoes distributed by Professor Canaves to walk across the lake.
B.The students who fell into the water were criticized seriously by the Professor.
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D.The students took part in the race to challenge their physical abilities.
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A.Alex Quinones is a top student in the university.
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C.The student who made it to the end in the race would succeed in their professional
career.
D.Professor Canaves attaches importance to hands-on learning experience.
35.The purpose of the passage is toB.
A.show his approval of the unique teaching style
B.report an interesting assignment
C.inspire teachers to be more creative
D.encourage more people to take part in the race.
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66.What topic is the passage mainly involved in?C
A.What animals'territory is usually like.
B.How animlas deal with different threats.
C.How animals defend their territory.
D.Where animal fightes take place frequently.
67.For most animals,what's their first response to the possible invaders to defend their territors.B
A.Fighting in groups.
B.Threatening and warning.
C.Escaping before being hurt.
D.Asking partners for help.
68.What does the underlined word"exaggerate"in the second paragraph mean?A
A.enlarge        B.change         C.shake          D.shrink
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A.animals meet near the border of their territories
B.the invader enters the defender's territories
C.the defender notices the invader smaller than itself
D.the living resources are limited in the territory
70.The last paragraph tells us that territoriality has an influence on theCof the animals
A.communication  B.condition      C.population     D.migration.
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A.teaching      B.literature     C.humor     D.knowledge
60.The underlined word"hilarious"in Paragraph 1probably meansA.
A.funny      B.tiring       C.inspiring    D.brilliant
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A.his teacher was very learned
B.his teacher was very humorous
C.the works by Johnson and Addison were very humorous
D.few were able to find humor in works by Johnson and others
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A.was not able to make students laugh
B.hurt his students'feelings
C.didn't let his students do the grading
D.had no sense of humor.
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You don't have to be spineless (懦弱) in order to be popular.In fact,you will be liked and respected if you are not afraid to stand up for your rights.But do it politely and pleasantly.Being friendly and polite to your own group,to older people,to strangers and especially to those who do not look important or do not interest you is one way to develop a good character.
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50.One of the two ways the author suggested for us to get along well with others is
B
A.to draw the attention of our friends
B.to pay more attention to other people's strong points
C.to look for treasure in order to be successful
D.to demand the best share of everything
51.The passage shows that there is no perfect person but someone should be blamed if heD.
A.makes a big mistake
B.is selfish and lazy
C.is very unhappy about his unpleasant quality
D.does not draw a lesson from his own fault
52.The passage implies that in order to be a happy person,one should consider oneselfB
A.no better than others
B.as having something better than others
C.not the same as others
D.as having better chances than others
53.The purpose for the writer to write the passage is toB.
A.train you to be perfect
B.show you the way to be happy
C.teach you how to be popular among your friends
D.tell you how to act when you dislike a person.
2.I am one of those people who are terrible at saying no.I take on too many projects at once,and spend too much of my time doing things I'd rather not be doing.I get work done,but it's not always the best I can do,or the best way I could spend my time.
    That's why my newest goal,both as a professional and a person,is to be a quitter.
Being a quitter isn't being someone who gives up,who doesn't see important things through to the end.I am eager to be the opposite of that.The quitter I want to be is someone who gets out when there's no value in what he's doing,or when that value comes at the expense of something more important.
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I propose the opposite:quit as often as possible,regardless of project status or time invested.If you're reading a book,and don't like it,stop reading.Cut your losses,realize that the smartest thing to do is to stop before your losses grow even more,and quit.Instead of reading an entire book you hate,read half of a bad one and half of a good one.Isn't that a better use of your time?
Step back for a second.Let's learn how to say"no"at the beginning,or in the middle,and free up more of our time to do the things we'd like to be doing,and the things actually worth doing. Saying no is hard,and admitting a mistaken yes is even harder.If we do both,we'll start to make sure that we're spending our time creating value,rather than increasing our losses.Let's be quitters together.
59.The reason why the author wants to be a quitter is that heD.
A.hopes to improve his personality
B.wishes to have more time for relaxation
C.has found it hard to do several things at one time
D.expects to make more efficient use of his time
60.In what circumstances does the author suggest quitting is a good idea?A
A.When you realize what you are doing is not worth the time.
B.When you know a task cannot be finished.
C.When you meet with difficulties along the way in your life.
D.When you feel tired and need a rest.
61.If you stop reading a book you hate,the author might think thatC.
A.you should finish a book that you have started
B.it's a pity that you have wasted so much time
C.you are wise to cut your losses
D.you should regret choosing the wrong book
62.The message the author tries to deliver is toC.
A.create more value               
B.live your life to the fullest
C.learn to say no                     
D.stop doing many things at once.

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