题目内容

The two reports are all about ________．


  1. A.
    the school life
  2. B.
    the school clubs
  3. C.
    the school activities
  4. D.
    the school various classes
B
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Parents are often amazed at how fast their child grows and develops. New research has determined that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner than most parents realize.

Kristy vanMarle, professor of the University of Missouri, has determined that contrary to what previous studies have shown, infants（婴儿）are able to quantify substances（物质）—like sand or water—as early as 10 months. As long as the difference between the two substances is large enough, infants will choose the larger amount, especially when it comes to food.

With the assistance of her team researchers, vanMarle tested the quantifying skills of babies by presenting them with two cups: one containing a small amount of food, and one containing a larger amount. Consistently, the babies chose the larger amount.

“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling how many objects they see; however, infants don’t seem to count things like water or sand,” vanMarle said. “What we’re saying is that they can quantify substances; it’s just much harder. The infants can see how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories. They decide which amount is larger, and they almost always select the larger one.”

This information further refutes（驳斥）the long-held idea that babies “know nothing of the world,” vanMarle said.

“Since psychologists have begun studying infants with sensitive measures, we’ve discovered a lot of early abilities. I think for parents, it should be exciting to know that there’s somebody in there that has some fundamental and basic knowledge of the world, and that knowledge is guiding their development,” vanMarle said.

In the future, vanMarle says this kind of study could be linked to a child’s progress in math-related skills, although programs marketed to increase those abilities, such as “Baby Einstein,” still have mixed reviews when it comes to academic study.

The quantifying ability refers to the ability to     .

A. choose between different substances

B. get much knowledge of the world

C. describe the quantity of something

D. obtain math-related skills

What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?

A. The process of doing research.

B. The scientific findings.

C. The final choice of infants.

D. The observation of infants’ behavior.

Babies choose the larger amount of food     .

A. by saying numbers                  B. with the help of parents

C. on personal preference                    D. through their natural abilities

What’s the best title of the text?

A. Breakthrough in Baby Studies

B. Amazing Baby-training Ideas

C. Early Human Abilities

D. Unique Quantifying Methods

Are morning people born or made? In my case it was definitely made．In my early 20s, I rarely went to bed before midnight, and I would almost always get up late the next morning．

But after a while I couldn’t ignore the high relationship between success and rising early．On those rare occasions when I did get up early, I noticed that my productivity was almost always higher．So I set out to become a habitual early riser．But whenever my alarm went off, my first thought was always to stop that noise and go back to sleep．Eventually some sleep research showed me that I was using the wrong strategy．

The most common wrong strategy is this: you assume that if you’re going to get up earlier, you’d better go to bed earlier．It sounds very reasonable, but will usually fail．

There are two main schools（流派） of thought on sleep patterns．The first is that you should go to bed and get up at the same time every day．The second school says you should go to bed when you’re tired and get up when you naturally wake up．However, I have found both of them are wrong if you care about productivity．If you sleep at set hours, you’ll sometimes go to bed when you aren’t sleepy enough．You’re wasting time lying in bed awake and not being asleep．

If your sleep is based on what your body tells you, you’ll probably be sleeping more than you need．Also, your mornings may be less predictable if you’re getting up at different times．

The solution for me has been to combine both methods．I go to bed when I’m sleepy and get up with an alarm clock at a fixed time．So I always get up at the same time （in my case 5 am）, but I go to bed at different times every night — sometimes at 9:30pm, and other times at midnight．Most of the time I go to bed between 10-11 pm．

However, going to bed only when I’m sleepy, and getting up at a fixed time every morning is my way．If you want to become an early riser, you can try your own．

According to the passage, the underlined phrase refers to ________．

       A．people who stay up until the next morning

       B．people who feel sleepy in the morning

       C．people who get up early in the morning

       D．people whose productivity is the highest in the morning

Why did the author want to become a habitual early riser?

       A．Because he / she wanted to form the habit of going to bed early and getting up early．

       B．Because he / she wanted to see which of the two main schools of thought on sleep patterns was right．

       C．Because he / she had found that his / her productivity was higher when he / she got up early．

       D．Because he / she was told the high relationship between success and rising early．

The passage is mainly about ________．

       A．how to have good sleep  

       B．how to become an early riser

       C．wrong strategies for getting up early     

       D．main schools of thought on sleep patterns

Lots of folks don't think about what they eat over the holiday season until January, when they stare sadly at the number on the scale and then hurry off to hit the gym, join Weight Watchers or pick up the latest diet book.
It doesn't have to be that way. Health experts say you can still enjoy the holidays.
"It's OK to indulge（沉溺）, but it doesn't mean you have to gain weight," said Karen Ansel, a New York-based registered dietitian and a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association (ADA). Jessica Crandall, a registered dietitian from Denver who's also an ADA spokeswoman, added that gaining weight during the holidays and then working hard to lose it again is not good for a person's body.
For starters, people interested in maintaining their weight during the holidays should keep eating on a regular schedule, the two dietitians said. Research has shown that people who skip meals -- particularly breakfast -- end up eating more throughout the day. "Try and stick to consistent meal times so you can avoid being overly hungry," Crandall said. "When you're overly hungry, you can make some bad decisions regarding what you eat. Don't starve yourself during the day waiting for that party at night -- because you'll eat too much or overeat."
Ansel suggests that you think now about the foods you really enjoy and plan to focus on those while eating less of more common fare.
Be careful, too, about alcohol intake, for a couple of reasons. Alcoholic drinks, particularly the fancy ones handed out at holiday time, tend to come loaded with calories. "It's usually what you're adding to a drink that contains the calories," Crandall said. Also, if you're drunk, you might forget to watch what you're eating. "It totally lowers your inhibitions（压抑）," Ansel said.
Other holiday eating tips, suggested by Crandall and Ansel, include:
?Eat lots of vegetables, and eat them first before moving on to the other items on your plate.
?Recognize that many holiday extras, like cheese or cranberry sauce, come loaded with calories. "If those aren't your favorite foods, don't put them on your plate," Crandall said.
?If your favorite food has a lot of calories, be sure to minimize your portion. "Two bites cure the craving," Crandall said. "After that, you're just really feeding your old habits.
?After a big holiday meal, don't sink into a chair or couch. Go for a walk outdoors or participate in some other activities that help burn off some of the calories you've just eaten.
【小题1】Both Karen Ansel and Jessica Crandall ________.

A．think highly of the latest popular diet book
B．like going to the gym often
C．think trying to lose weight isn’t good for a person’s body
D．are registered dietitians and work for ADA
【小题2】Ansel asks people wishing to keep slim not to skip meals because _________.
A．it will do harm to their stomachs.
B．being overly hungry will make them feel not well
C．it may make them eat more
D．it might let them make bad decisions on important occasion
【小题3】Why does Crandall advise people wanting to lose weight not to drink wine?
A．Because if they’re drunk, they can watch what they eat.
B．Because it will make it hard for their body to burn calories.
C．Because wine itself contains many calories.
D．Because it will make them feel more stressed.
【小题4】Which of the following is the proper way to keep slim according to the passage?
A．Eating more vegetables than rice and other food.
B．Eating more cheese or cranberry sauce.
C．Never eat food with a lot of calories.
D．Sitting less and walking more after meals.
【小题5】The passage mainly talks about __________.
A．some advice on holiday eatingB．how to keep slim
C．the problems of fat peopleD．what to do in holidays

Today is National Bike-to-Work Day. And on New York City’s jammed streets, people are cycling on hundreds of miles of new bike lanes. But New York’s widespread efforts to make streets safer for bikes have also left some locals complaining about the loss of parking spots and lanes for cars.
When the weather is good, Aaron Naparstek likes to pedal（用踏板踩）his two young kids to school on a special Dutch-made bicycle. Naparstek supports the new lane.
Aaron: The bike lane on Prospect Park West is really introducing a lot of new people to the idea that it’s possible to use a bike in New York City for transportation or to travel around. This is what 21st century New York City looks like.
Prospect Park West is still a one-way road, but where it used to have three lanes of car traffic, now it has two, plus a protected bike lane. Supporters say that makes the road safer for everyone, including pedestrians, by slowing down cars and taking bikes off the sidewalk. But some longtime residents disagree. Lois Carswell is president of a group called Seniors for Safety. She says the two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents who are used to one-way traffic.
Lois: We wanted a lane — the right kind of lane that would keep everybody safe, that would keep the bikers safe. But we want it to be done the right way. And it has not been done the right way.
Craig Palmer builds bars and restaurants in Manhattan. I was interviewing him for a different story when he brought up the bike lanes all on his own.
Craig: I think the biggest problem is that Bloomberg put all these bike lanes in. You took what used to be a full street and you’re shrinking it.
Then there are the Hasidic Jews in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, who forced the city to remove a bike lane through their neighborhood. But polls show that the majority of New Yorkers support bike lanes by a margin of 56% to 39%. Bicycle advocate Caroline Samponaro of Transportation Alternatives calls that a mandate.
Caroline: If this was an election, we would have already had our victory. The public has spoken and they keep speaking. And I think, more importantly, the public is starting to vote with their pedals.
【小题1】What does Aaron mean by saying “This is what 21st century New York City looks like.”? 

A．There are hundreds of miles of new bike lanes in 21 st century New York City.
B．Drivers slow down their cars and bikes are taken off the sidewalk in New York.
C．Bikes are used as a means of transport in 21 st century New York City.
D．It’s possible to make the streets safe for pedestrians in New York.
【小题2】According to the passage, which of the following CANNOT support the opponents of these new bike lanes?   
A．Drivers lose parking spots and lanes for cars.
B．The two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents.
C．We took what used to be a full street so the road is broader than before.
D．The removal of one bike lane through a neighbourhood in Brooklyn was not supported by the majority of New Yorkers.
【小题3】“A mandate” in Paragraph 8 was referred to a demand or command from ______.
A．the authorityB．the publicC．the supporters D．the government
【小题4】What of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．Ride on National Bike-to-Work DayB．A New Bike Lane Appears in New York
C．A Bike Lane Divides New YorkersD．Who Wins an Election

If you've been joining in chat room conversations, or trading e－mails with net pals (网友), you have become one of the millions who write in a special, short form of English.

Throughout the world, every night children and their elders are “talking” online－many of them are talking at the same time.

It's fast: trying talking to six people once. It's convenient: three or four words per exchange. It takes cleverness, concentration and quick fingers.

And it requires very simple language. There's neither time nor space for explanations. Why waste valuable time telling six friends you have to leave for a moment to take care of your little brother when BRB (be right back) will do?

Want to enter a conversation? Just type PMFJI (pardon me for jumping in)．

Interested in whom you're talking to? Type A/S/L, the nearly universal request to know your pal's age, sex and location. You may get 15/M/NY as a reply from your pal.

If something makes you laugh, say you're OTF (on the floor), or LOL (laughing out loud), or join the two into ROTFL (rolling on the floor laughing)．

And when it's time to get back to work or go to bed, you type GTG (got to go) or TTYL (talk to you later)．

People want to write as fast as possible, and they want to get their ideas across as quickly as they can. Capital letters are left in the dust, except when expressing feeling, as it takes more time to hold down the “Shift” key and use capitals. Punctuation (标点) is going too.

1.When people are online, they talk by ________.

A．using body language

B．drawing some strange pictures

C．making phone calls

D．making use of an especially short form of English

2.The underlined sentence in Para. 4 means that ________.

A．people should use words properly

B．people should know what time it is when they are talking

C．people online have to express themselves in a simple way

D．people should communicate in a funny way

3.If you get 17/F/NY as an answer to your A/S/L, it means________.

A．the people on the other end is 17 from New York and he is fine

B．you are talking to a girl who is 17 and lives in New York

C．you are talking to 17 girls who are from New York

D．the people you are talking to is a 17－foot tall New York girl

4.Which of the following is a way to save online time?

A．People seldom use capital letters or punctuation marks.

B．Many people draw pictures.

C．People only use the mouse instead of the keyboard.

D．People never use the “Shift” key.

 

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