题目内容

________ on the new definition of a planet in August 2006, Pluto is no longer a planet．

A.
To be based
B.
Based
C.
To base
D.
Basing．

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The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.

　　An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”, which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted（传播）by a germ（病菌）. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.

　　Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.

　　Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice（糙米）somehow prevented or cured beri-beri — even that a lack of some ingredient（成分）in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.

According to the passage, a good mixed diet ________.

A. is suitable for losing weight B. should be only fruits and vegetables

C. normally contains enough vitamins D. is often difficult to arrange

What do we know about the disease beri-beri?

A. It killed large numbers of people. B. It resulted from lack of vitamins.

C. It was transmitted by milled rice. D. It was caused by diseased chickens.

What can be the best title of the passage?

A. A Good Mixed Diet　　　　　　 B. New Discovery

C. The Dangers of Beri-beri　　　　 D. The Importance of Vitamins

London—Lazy students can now give up on work altogether as two Oxford University students have made scores of A-grade essays（论文）on the website for students to copy.

The essays are on the new website,“revise.it.”

The website includes an “Essay Lab”designed to make cheating（舞弊）as effective and effortless as possible.

Its homepage announces to surfers（网上冲浪者）:“The revise.it Essay Lab is a bank of hundreds of A-Level essays covering popular topics.”

“Next time you are asked to write an essay,why not see what we have on the subject—if you are in a lazy state of mind you can even use our guide to writing the essays and then just hand them in.”

Nick Rose and Jordan Mayo,both 19 and first from Manchester,spent much of their first year as students at the university setting up the website.There is no charge for downloading the essays.

“I have never been very good at essay writing,”Rose admitted.“We don’t see essay bank as a cheating way.It’s a surprising valuable resource.You can learn a lot by reading other people’s work on the subject.”

Among other tips,the website suggests inventing important speeches to give essays extra weight:“Popular people to quote（引用）are Douglass Hurd or Disraeli.”

Hurd was a foreign secretary in the 1980s and Disraeli was a 19th century prime minister.

Teachers are expressing their opinions by e-mail that they are angry about the website that “encourages students to cheat”,but students disagree.

According to Rose:“Exams are a fight.It’s us against them.”

65.It can be inferred from this passage that______.

A.students who visit the website“revise.it”are all lazy

B.students in Oxford University are all lazy

C.websites in Oxford University are all set up by students

D.websites can provide people with different kinds of information

66.Nick Rose and Jordan Mayo set up their website for the purpose of______.

A.helping students to cheat in exams

B.helping students to improve their writing

C.making money to pay for their schooling

D.making their teacher free

67.What Rose said at last suggests that in England______.

A.it is difficult for students to pass their exams

B.it is difficult for teachers to finish their teaching

C.students are not satisfied with the education system

D.students are too lazy to learn anything

There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but the attitudes, feelings people have , and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties．In this process, the journey never really ends；there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences．Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and we think we are slow to adapt change or that we’re not smart enough to deal with a new challenge．Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all．
These feelings of insecurity (不安全) and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow．If we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．
【小题1】In the author’s eye, one who views personal growth as a process would ______．

A．succeed in climbing up the social ladder

B．grow up from his own achievements

C．face difficulties and take up challenges

D．aim high and reach his goal each time

【小题2】Which of the following can be viewed as the process of personal growing?

A．Our manager was always willing to accept new challenges．

B．Jane won the first prize in the speech competition．

C．Jerry picked up French during his stay in Paris．

D．Father’s salary rose from 5, 000 to 7,000．

【小题3】For personal growth, the author is in favor of all the following EXCEPT _______．

A．being curious about more changes

B．being quick in self-adaptation

C．having an open mind to new experiences

D．staying away from failures and challenges

【小题4】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．It is not so easy to measure personal growth

B．To try and fail on the new road facing the unknown is unavoidable

C．There are only two ways to see a person’s growth

D．If you are too shy to take any risks in life, you cannot grow up

When Gretchen Baxter gets home from work as a New York City book editor, she checks her Blackberry (黑莓手机) at the door. ‘I think we are attached to these devices in a way that is not always positive,’ says Baxter，who’d rather focus at home on her husband and 12-year-old daughter. ‘It’s there and it beckons (召唤). That’s human nature (but)…we kind of get crazy sometimes and we don’t know where it should stop.’
Americans are connected at unprecedented (前所未有的) levels一93% now use cell phones or wireless devices；one third of those are ‘smart phones’ that allow users to browse the Web and check e-mail，among other things. The benefits are obvious: checking messages on the road，staying in touch with friends and family，efficiently using time once spent waiting around. The downside：often，we’re effectively disconnecting from those in the same room.
That's why，despite all the technology that makes communicating easier than ever，2010 was the Year We Stopped Talking to One Another. From texting at dinner to posting on Facebook from work or checking e-mail while on a date，the connectivity revolution is creating a lot of divided attention，not to mention social anxiety. Many analysts say it's time to step back and reassess.
‘What we’re going to see in the future is new opportunities for people to be plugged in and connected like never before,’ says Scott Campbell. ‘It can be a good thing，but I also see new ways the traditional social fabric (社会结构) is getting somewhat torn apart.’
Our days are filled with beeps and pings·----many of which pull us away from tasks at hand or face-to-face conversations. We may feel that the distractions are too much，but we can’t seem to stop posting，texting or surfing.
‘We're going through a period of adjustment and rebalancing,’ says Sherry Turkle and she wants to remind people that technology can be turned off.
‘Our human purposes are to really have connections with people,’ she says. ‘We have to reclaim it. It’s not going to take place by itself.’
【小题1】What can be the best title for the passage?

A．2010: The year technology developed quickly.

B．2010: The year technology sped up our life pace.

C．2010: The year technology replaced talking.

D．2010: The year technology made communicating easier.

【小题2】According to Paragraph l，Gretchen Baxter thinks_________.

A．the new technology always influences people’s life in a positive way

B．the new technology is so tempting that she could even put her daughter and husband behind

C．it is encouraging to see progress on the new technology every year

D．people are too dependent on the new technology to let go

【小题3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The wide use of mobile devices has nothing to do with the ‘traditional social fabric’.

B．Mobile devices play a less important part in American life.