题目内容
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition (此外), there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance (容忍) in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity (机会) for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed (明白的).
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects (方面) of the culture than in the non - material, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early, in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society rather than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex (复杂的) ones; form rather than in substance (物质); and in elements (元素) that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale (规模) rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分成二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
1．The passage is mainly discussing ________.
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A．two different societies
B．the necessity of social change
C．certain factors that determine the ease (容易) with which social changes occur
D．certain factors that promote social change
2．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
[ ]
A．Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B．Disagreement with and argument about conditions tends to slow down social change.
C．Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D．Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
3．Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ________.
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A．people there have got so accustomed (习惯于) to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B．people there have identical needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C．people there are easy to please
D．people there are less disputatious (好争辩的)
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