题目内容
1.Below is a selection from a popular science book. If blood is red,why are veins (静脉) blue? Actually,veins are not blue at all.They are more of a clear,yellowish color.Although blood looks red when it's outside the body,when it's sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin,it's more of a dark reddish purple color.At the right depth,these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin,making them look blue by comparison. Which works harder,your heart or your brain? That kind of depends on whether you're busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise,and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But,in the long run,your brain probably tips it,because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart,and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it. Why do teeth fall out,and why don't they grow back in grown-ups? Baby (or"milk") teeth do not last long; they fall out to make bigger room for bigger,stronger adult teeth later on.Adult teeth fall our when they become damaged,decayed and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown in,you're done.When they're gone,they are gone.This is because nature figures you're set for life,and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off. Do old people shrink as they age? Yes and no.Many people do get shorter as they age.But,when they do,it isn't because they're shrinking all over.They simply lose height as their spine (脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effect of gravity (重力).Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 3-4cm in height as they age,while women may lose 5cm or more.If you live to be 200years old,would you keep shrinking till you were,like 60cm tall,like a little boy again?No,because old people don't really shrink!It is not that they are growing backwards-their legs,arms and backbones getting shorter.When they do get shorter,it's because the spine has shortened a little.Or,more often,become more bent and curved. Why does spinning make you dizzy (眩晕的)? Because your brain gets confused between what you're seeing and what you're feeling.The brain senses that you're spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear,which work together with your eyes to keep your vision balance stable.But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control,and your brain thinks you're moving while you're not. Where do feelings and emotions come from? Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system.All mammals have this brain area-from mice to dogs,cats,and humans.So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear,pain and pleasure.But since human feelings also involve other,newer bits of the brain,we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on this planet. If exercise wears you out,how can it be good for you? Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.And as far as your body is concerned,it's"use it,or lose it"!It's not that exercise makes you healthy,it's more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.(596words) |
A.Blue
B.Light yellow
C.Red
D.Dark reddish purple
47.Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?D
A.Because their spine is in active use.
B.Because they are more easily affected by gravity.
C.Because they keep growing backwards.
D.Because their spine becomes more bent.
48.Which of the following statements about our brain is true?A
A.In the long run,our brain probably works harder than our heart.
B.When our brain senses the spinning,we will feel dizzy.
C.The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.
D.Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.
49.What is the main purpose of the selection?B
A.To give advice on how to stay healthy.
B.To provide information about our body.
C.To challenge new findings in medical research.
D.To report the latest discoveries in medical science.
分析 文章从科学的角度解释了几个人们普遍感到困惑的问题.比如,为什么血液是红色的而血管却呈现出深蓝色呢?为什么牙齿会掉而且成年后不再长出新的牙齿呢?为什么人老了身高就变矮了呢?读了这篇文章以后,你就会恍然大悟.
解答 46.答案:D.细节理解题.根据第一段第二句"Although blood looks red when it's outside the body,when it's sitting in the vein near the surface of the skin,it's more of a dark reddish purple color."可知在靠近皮肤表层的血管里,血液是紫红色.
47.答案:D.细节理解题.从第八段的"when they do get shorter,it's not because the spine has shortened a little.Or more often,become more bent and curved."可知老年人变矮不是因为他们的脊柱变短,更多的原因是因为他们的脊柱变弯曲.A选项的内容文中没有提及;B选项不符合文中的内容They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱)becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力);C选项的内容与文中的描述相反.
48.答案:A.细节理解题.根据第二段最后一句"But in the long run,your brain probably tips it,because even when you're sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart,and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it."可知我们可以推断从长远看来,大脑要比心脏工作更多.通过第五段最后一句"But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control,and your brain thinks you'removing while you're not"可知当我们突然停止旋转时才会感到眩晕,所以B项错误;通过第六段最后一句"But since human feelings also involve other,newer bits of the brain,we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on this planet."可知C,D两项错误.
49.答案:B.推理判断题.本篇的写作意图就是让我们了解我们的身体,为我们提供一些基本的信息,故B项正确.
点评 科教类阅读主要考查学生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力.
做题时要做到几点:浏览文章以确定文章的体裁;然后挖掘寓意,掌握中心思想,推出结论;把握篇章结构,利用上下文进行推测.
-______ I'll take it.( )
A. | You win. | B. | You too. | C. | Why me? | D. | What for? |
A. | within | B. | at | C. | beyond | D. | before |
A. | can | B. | should | C. | must | D. | may |