题目内容

阅读理解

　　Father upset by Manchester school's 'Victorian' wall of shame

　　Josie Robinson, who appeared on a so-called wall of shame at her school in south Manchester, was in tears．Her father has hit out at the "Victorian" methods．

　　Chorlton High School put up pictures of year 10 pupils who teachers believed had behaved badly．Children singled out for praise were placed on the wall of fame．Its head teacher said the scheme(策划)was designed to motivate pupils．

　　Carlo Robinson, whose daughter Josie was put on the wall after missing lessons, wants to make a complaint．The teenager had been missing school and turning up late because she was upset that her mother was ill．She said：" I thought it was embarrassing．"

　　Mr Robinson added："She was in tears．She couldn't tell me at first - it took her about an hour- because she wasn't sure what I would think of it．When she told me I was really shocked．I contacted at least 20 friends and they all agreed it was wrong - it's like Victorian times．"

　　Head teacher Andy Park said："We've successfully used a similar scheme in the past with Year 11 students to incentivise pupils and it really did make a difference - pupils took it in the right spirit and were motivated by it to improve their performance．Obviously this latest scheme wasn't intended to cause offence to pupils．It was actually developed to praise the students moving forwards successfully and to support pupils who needed to make improvements．No parents have complained directly to the school and I'd be very happy to meet with any parents to discuss further．"

　　Mr Robinson told the reporter he had contacted the school to schedule a meeting with the head teacher．

(1)

What does Mr．Robinson mean by saying this is the “Victorian” methods?

[　　]

A．

The methods ignore women’s rights．

B．

The methods are totally out of time．

C．

The methods have a long history．

D．

The methods worked well in the past．

(2)

Why had Josie been missing school, according to her father?

[　　]

A．

She got up late．

B．

She hated the wall of shame．

C．

She wasn’t on the wall of fame．

D．

Her mother was not well．

(3)

What does the underlined word “incentivise” most probably mean?

[　　]

A．

To encourage．

B．

To exchange．

C．

To hurt．

D．

To force．

(4)

What can we learn from the passage?

[　　]

A．

The scheme proved successful before．

B．

Most students didn’t take the scheme in the right spirit．

C．

Twenty other parents have similar complaints．

D．

The school has apologized to Mr．Robinson．

答案：1．B;2．D;3．A;4．A;
解析：

(1)

推理判断题。家长把该学校的这种做法称为“维多利亚”式的方法，主要是说其过时了。这从第四段可以看出。

(2)

事实细节题。基于文章第三段。

(3)

词义猜测题。从文章第五段老师的观点可以看出，该学校引入这样的策划就是为了“鼓励”后进的学生努力学习。

(4)

事实细节题。基于文章第五段第一行。


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阅读理解

　　The British government has decided to wipe out obesity through a new strategy－by offering fat people cash．

　　According to the latest measure, employers will be urged to set up competitions with money, other rewards for people who refuse junk food in favour of healthy eating and living．

　　And those who will lose the maximum amount of pounds will earn the biggest prizes, reports the Telegraph．

　　One competition, called The Biggest Loser, has a 130-pounds gift in store for the participant who loses the most weight in eight weeks．

　　The announcement comes after experts estimated that most of the population in Britain would be obese by 2050 unless urgent action is taken and the related rise in ill health would cost the 50 billion pounds a year．

　　According to ministers, giving people cash to fight overweight will help avoid larger costs associated with treating cancer, heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病)caused by obesity．

　　The government said that it wants to make Britain the first major nation to cancel the rising tide of obesity．

　　And the important strategy－Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives－is their solution to the problem．

　　The strategy will start a series of projects run through a Well@work scheme led by British Heart Foundation, which will offer rewards to workers who lose weight．

　　Another key focus for the strategy is to control rising obesity among children．

The government has set itself a target of reducing the proportion of overweight and obese children to 2000 levels by 2020．

　　There will also be a “Walking into Health” campaign, aiming to get a third of the population in England walking an extra thousand steps－around a kilometer－every day by 2012．

　　“We will look at using financial measures, such as payments, and other rewards, to encourage individuals to lose weight and sustain that weight loss, to eat more healthily, or to be consistently more physically active,” officials said．

　　The UK Government is investing 372 million pounds over three years to realize the strategy and annual progress reports will be published．

(1)

Which of the following is NOT one of the new strategies introduced by the British government?

[　　]

A．

Offering cash to fat people who lose weight．

B．

Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives．

C．

Conducting a “Walking into Health” campaign．

D．

Encouraging people to keep physically active．

(2)

The British government ministers who introduced the new strategy certainly believe that ________．

[　　]

A．

Britain will become the first major nation to cancel the rising tide of obesity

B．

50 billion pounds a year can cover the costs in ill health caused by obesity

C．

cash given to people losing weight will be much less than medical costs caused by obesity

D．

the proportion of overweight and obese children can be reduced to 2000 levels by 2020

(3)

In the strategy “Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives”, ________．

[　　]

A．

the employers have to set up competitions for their employees aimed at losing weight

B．

British Heart Foundation launches a series of projects through a Well@work scheme

C．

the UK government will invest 372 million pounds on the losing weight individuals

D．

the person who loses the most weight in 8 weeks will win 130 pounds as a gift

(4)

The underlined word “obese” probably means ________．

[　　]

A．

too fat

B．

healthy

C．

thin

D．

large

阅读理解

　　Some people don't mind being fat．Other people can keep slim(苗条)without any effort．But a lot of people do put on too much weight and don't like it．The question is, what can they do about it?

　　Some believe exercise can be helpful．But the trouble is that it only makes you want to eat more．You might sweat out a couple of pounds playing tennis or climbing a mountain, but you put it all back on again with a big steak or bread and jam．

　　A helpful way is food choosing．But what sort of food should you choose?Some believe that the less they eat, the slimmer they will be．They don't eat anything until they become weak with hunger．Some stick to milk and bananas．You'll find you need a lot of bananas, and unless you live where they grow, they aren't cheap．Others say that if you eat things like hard-boiled eggs, and apples with their skins on which are hard for your stomach to digest, the more you eat, the thinner you get．This is because you use up the fat in your body to get the energy to digest the food．

　　For most of us these methods are too extreme．The simplest way is just to cut down on the carbohydrates(含碳水化合物的食物)that means not eating bread, potatoes, cakes, sugar, rice, and so on and eating anything else you like．It's straight forward and often quite effective．

(1)

According to the passage, the best way to keep slim is ________．

[　　]

A．

Exercising

B．

Hunger

C．

Food-choosing

D．

Eating milk and bananas

(2)

There seems nothing wrong with exercise except ________．

[　　]

A．

it makes you sweat

B．

it's hard work

C．

it tires you out

D．

it makes you eat more

(3)

The practical method suggested here is ________．

[　　]

A．

sticking to bananas

B．

not eating many carbohydrates

C．

eating as little as possible

D．

eating things that are hard to digest

(4)

Which of the following do you think is the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

Don't Eat Too Much

B．

Various Ways of Losing Weight

C．

Ways to Keep Fit

D．

Food and Health

阅读理解

Convenience Foods

　　Instead of buying only fresh foods, Americans nowadays buy many more convenience foods．These are foods which are ready partly or completely prepared．Many of them are frozen, such as frozen dinner, heated-serve French fries, and frozen pizzas．There are also many canned convenience foods, such as ready-made spaghetti, soups, stews, and vegetables．

　　Convenience foods save time and trouble．They are popular with people who are busy or who don' t like to cook or wash dishes．But they often cost more than fresh, unprepared foods and may contain man-made additives．Also, many people feel they don't taste as good as home-cooked foods．

Health Food and Co-ops

　　In the 1960s, a "back-to-the-earth" movement was started by young people in the United States．The movement was a reaction against the harmful effects of technology．From the movement came a new understanding of food and health．Many people now prefer natural and Organic(有机物)foods to the prepared foods sold in health food stores and in food co-ops, which are small stores where customers help manage the store．In co-ops, food is usually not packaged．Customers bring their own bags and jars and take their food out of boxes or baskets．

The Diet Craze(节食热)

　　These days Americans are more and more concerned with their weight．Perhaps as many as 70 million Americans are on weight-dollar business．

　　American supermarkets sell a variety of diet foods such as diet soft drinks, diet candy, and diet salad dressings．Dieters also spend money on diet pills, exercise machines, and jogging suits(健美服)．Each year dozens of new diets are popularized．They have such names as the Miracle(奇效的)Diet, the Nine-day Wonder Diet, and the East 24-hour Diet．There is even one called the Ice Cream Diet, which advises dieters to eat only ice cream for lunch and dinner! For dieters who cannot lose weight on their own, there are many well-organized diet groups, which offer help and encouragement．

(1)

Generally speaking, convenience foods in America ________

[　　]

A．

are shipped from foreign countries

B．

are made by farmers on farms

C．

are popular with some people

D．

are better than fresh ones

(2)

From the fourth paragraph, we can find that ________．

[　　]

A．

the diet craze in the US is unnecessary

B．

rich American people should offer their money to the poor

C．

businessmen are getting much money from the diet craze

D．

fat Americans are too foolish to take too much food

(3)

What's the writer's opinion on American diets?

[　　]

A．

They are all effective to people．

B．

They are of no effect to people．

C．

The Ice Cream Diet is the best．

D．

Not all of them are believable．

阅读理解

　　Walking is so simple and convenient that it couldn’t possibly count as exercise, right? Wrong．Study after study shows that regular walking can help you lose weight and reduce your risk of heart disease．

　　The study published in Diabetes Research in Clinical Practice shows that the blood pressure of the overweight men being tested improved and the amount of body fat greatly decreased．

　　That’s good news, because walking has now become the most popular fitness activity in the United States．Convenient, simple, and gentle on the joints, walking is perhaps the easiest form of exercise to maintain．According to a survey, four out of five women who start a walking program continue to walk, while half of women who attempt other types of aerobic exercise(有氧运动), such as swimming, drop out during the first few months．

　　Here are some basics for walking exercise．

　　Walk at a pace that makes you breathe heavily, but still able to talk．

　　Your goal, first and foremost, is to walk five days a week, 30 minutes a walk．Do that, and you are getting the base-level amount of exercise that research says should maintain your health and vigor(精力)．

　　Walk for as long as you are comfortable the first week, even if it is just to your mailbox and back．Each following week, increase that amount by no more than 10 percent．

　　Start every walk with five minutes of easy-paced walking, about the same pace at which you do shopping, to get your body warmed up．Then, cool down at the end of each walk with another five minutes of easy-paced walking．This allows your heart rate to gradually speed up and slow down．

(1)

The survey mentioned in Paragraph 3 shows that ________．

[　　]

A．

80％ of the women surveyed are walking as a means of exercise

B．

50％ of the women surveyed want to swim as a means of exercise

C．

walking is more easily maintained than other types of aerobic exercise

D．

the effect of walking is as good as that of other types of aerobic exercise

(2)

Which of the following statements is TRUE about walking for exercise?

[　　]

A．

Walking five days a week, 30 minutes altogether, is the goal．

B．

Increase at least 10％ of the amount of each previous week．

C．

Each walk should start with the pace of doing shopping．

D．

Walking as much as you can in the first week is suggested．

(3)

What is the purpose of the easy-paced walking in every walk?

[　　]

A．

To help reduce your blood pressure．

B．

To help reduce your risk of heart disease．

C．

To help your body lose fat．

D．

To help your heart rate change gradually．

(4)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

How to Keep Healthy?

B．

Walking for Exercise

C．

Different Ways of Exercise

D．

Is Walking a Type of Exercise?

阅读理解

　　Australian scientists are trying to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in a bid to cut the emission of greenhouse gases blamed for global warming．

　　Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo farts contain no methane(甲烷)and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who emit large quantities of the harmful gas．

　　While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a billowing smokestack pushing out carbon dioxide, livestock passing wind contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions in some countries．

　　"Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from enteric methane from cattle and sheep," said Athol Klieve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government．

　　"And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they're actually up around 50 percent," he said．

　　Researchers say the bacteria also makes the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers．

　　But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep．

　　Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos．

　　The idea is controversial(争议), but about 20 percent of health conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already．

　　"It's low in fat, it's got high protein levels and it's very clean in the sense that basically it's the ultimate free range animal(散养动物)," said Peter Ampt of the University of New South Wales's institute of environmental studies．

(1)

According to the passage, global warming is now mainly caused by ________．

[　　]

A．

methane

B．

carbon dioxide

C．

livestock passing wind

D．

not mention in this passage

(2)

What does the underlined phrase “the idea”(paragraph 9)refer to?

[　　]

A．

Australians should give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep．

B．

The bacteria could make the digestive process much more efficient．

C．

Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos．

D．

The bacteria could potentially save millions of dollars in feed costs for farmers．

(3)

Some Australians begin to eat kangaroos because ________．

[　　]

A．

The kangaroos’ farts(放屁)contain no methane

B．

The kangaroos have a special bacteria

C．

The kangaroos are the national symbol in Australia

D．

The kangaroos are low in fat and high in protein

(4)

How will Australian scientists solve the problem of global warming?

[　　]

A．

Eating more kangaroos．

B．

Killing more cattle and sheep．

C．

Letting cattle and sheep pass less wind．

D．

Transferring the special bacteria in kangaroos’ stomachs to cattle and sheep．

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