题目内容

Grey clouds move as low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10.It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains.Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail-95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest country in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo.Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports.He has agreed to take me across the toughest,middle section of the trail.

When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass,140 miles south of Missoula,on Aug.12,1805,he was astonished by what was in front of him;“high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.”Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed,with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.

Today their pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled,for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures:the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的)gift. It remains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.

The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September.Our luck is holding with the weather,although the snow keeps getting deeper.As we climb to Indian Post Office,the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft,we have covered 13 miles in soft snow,and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner.After a meal of chicken,I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊).There is no light visible in any direction,not even another campfire.For four days we do not see another human being.We are occupied with the things that mix fear with joy.In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.

1. We learn from the text that before 1805 .

A.The Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snow

B.there were no people living in the western part of America

C.no Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky Mountains

D.the Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States

2.We learn from the text that the Lolo Pass .

A.has changed a lot since 1805

B.is the meeting point of three cultures

C.remains much the same as it was 200 years ago

D.now attracts a large number of tourists to visit

3.Judging from the text,Lewis and Clark were most probably .

A.two native Indians

B.explorers of the early 19th century

C.merchants who did business with the Indians

D.travelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass

4.We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author .

A.was attempting the impossible

B.was trying to set a world record

C.was following the trail of Lewis and Clark

D.was fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks

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International Robotics Forum (论坛)

Tokyo Big Sight,Tokyo, Japan, December 4-5

The Robotics Society of Japan (RSJ), to provide opportunities for young robot lovers to learn more about industrial and service robots, is going to hold the International Robotics Forum that will cooperate with this year’s International Robot Exhibition.

The lectures and explanations throughout the Conference will be given in Japanese but will be interpreted into English at the same time. The Conference will offer a great opportunity for senior high school students from all around the world to communicate with each other through robots. Therefore, we look forward to your active participation.

The event will take place two days. On the morning of Day One, Prof. Shinichi Yuta of the Shibaura Institute of Technology will give a lecture on basic mobile robotics and learning through robots. This will be followed by a talk by Mr. Kazuhiko Yokoyama of Yasukawa Electric Corporation who will explain the mechanism and control of robots and also point out the highlights of the International Robot Exhibition.

We will prepare a challenge for all the participants. We will send you themes for robot research. You will study them in advance, and on the afternoon of Day One, you will visit the Tokyo International Exhibition Center and investigate real robot. You will be able to experience fun and excitement of advanced robot technologies. On the morning of Day Two, you will present your study and investigation results.

On the afternoon of Day Two, as the final event, awards will be given by the RSJ to groups that have given outstanding presentations.

We hope that many future robot researchers and engineers will be born today.

1.Who is the Conference intended for?

A. Japanese robot researchers.

B. Senior high school students worldwide.

C. The RSJ professors.

D. Robot lovers of all ages.

2.When can the participants study the real robots?

A. On the afternoon of December 4.

B. On the morning of December 5.

C. On the morning of December 4.

D. On the afternoon of December 5.

3.What type of writing is this text?

A. A research paper.

B. An announcement.

C. An exhibition guide.

D. The robotics introduction.

Jeremy Kerr, a researcher at the University of Ottawa in Canada, and his colleagues analyzed more than 400,000 observations of bumblebee species collected in North America and Europe from 1975 to 2010. When the researchers recorded the locations of these bee populations, they found that many of the 67 species analyzed were moving northward from their southern limits while the northern edges of the bees’ ranges are staying in place. What it results in is obvious.

Bees have been paid more attention to in recent years, with populations of honeybees and bumblebees obviously declining in some parts of Europe. Previously, attention on the decline of bee populations has focused on causes including habitat loss, pesticide use and the spread of bee parasites(寄生虫). But the work by Kerr’s team found something different.

"For every species, there is one or two species declining and others that are not moving at all," says Kerr. This shift has also been observed in other species, such as butterflies. But due to a new cause — the rise of temperatures instead of total pesticide use, a change in land use or parasites, bumblebees — unlike butterflies — have failed to extend the northern boundaries of their ranges into the territory that is now habitable for them, so bumblebee species across Europe and North America are declining rapidly, the latest study led by Kerr’s team finds. "Our data suggest that the new factor plays a leading, or perhaps the leading, role in this trend," says Kerr.

"This study shows that a fourth factor is also beginning to affect it. It is likely that the combined stresses from all of these pressures will have destructive impacts on bumblebees in the not-too-distant future," says Dave Goulson, a bee researcher at the University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.

Exactly what can be done to help bumblebees is not clear. Kerr’s team suggests that relocating colonies might be an answer but Goulson says that because the insects are mobile they are capable of moving northwards if there is suitable habitat available.

1.What does the move of the bees’ southern limits lead to?

A. The birth of new bee species.

B. The rise of the bees’ population.

C. The evolution of the bees.

D. The reduction of the bees’ habitat.

2.What’s the new cause of bee populations’ declining according to Kerr?

A. Habitat loss.

B. Pesticide use.

C. Climate change.

D. The spread of bee parasites.

3.Which statement may Goulson agree with?

A. Relocating bumblebees isn’t much good.

B. The findings of Kerr’s study are doubtful.

C. The future of bumblebees is still promising.

D. Knowing bumblebees’ living habits is the most urgent.

4.What kind of writing is this passage?

A. A book review.

B. An announcement.

C. A scientific report.

D. An official report.

LONDON(AP)---A suburban house that starred onscreen as Harry Potter’s childhood home is on the market---complete with a cupboard under the stairs.

Fans of the boy wizard will recognize 12 Picket Post Close as 4 Privet Drive, home of Harry’s cruel aunt and uncle, the Dursleys.

The couple unwillingly took Harry in after his parents were murdered and made him sleep in a cupboard under the stairs.

The house in Bracknell, 30 miles(50 kilometers)west of London, was a location featured in the 2001 film “Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone.” A studio set of the house was built for later films of the eight series.

Real estate agency Chancellors(房地产公司总代理)says the three-bedroom house has recently been made over to an extremely high standard.” It’s listed at a price of 475,000 pounds$616,000.)” Real estate agent Paul Bosanko said, “the original plan was to take this property to market without using any reference to Harry Potter. But since news of the connection got out, interest has shot up, and that may or may not influence the final price that we achieve at this property,” Bosanko said.

Neighbor Karen Field said that the house still attracts Potter fans a decade-and-a-half after the film crews left. When the movie first came out, “there were tour buses, literally tour buses coming down the road,” Field said. “It’s a lot quieter now,” she said. “School holidays, you still get people coming along.”

1. What is the news mainly about?

A. 12 Picket Post Close in Bracknell for sale

B. Harry Potter’s s childhood home

C. Visits to Harry Potter’s home

D. Films of Harry Potter at 4 Privet Drive

2.What happened to the suburban house west of London?

A. Harry Potter lived in it in his childhood

B. Harry Potter series were all filmed here

C. It was modeled on as a studio set later

D. It was sold at a price of 475,000 pounds

3.What is not true with the house?

A. It is now on the market

B. It belongs to the Dursleys

C. It was related to Harry Potter

D. Potter fans keep coming to it

What happens inside the head of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a study of the brains of experienced players.

Researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complex new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball less.

This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”, like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1. Where do you think the text comes from?

A. Medicine instructions. B. A text for doctors.

C. A research report. D. A sports advertisement.

2.What do we know about the volunteers?

A. They had serious injury on the head.

B. They were adults who still played soccer.

C. They were all researchers about soccer.

D. They all had children who played soccer.

3. What was used to find the structural changes in the brains?

A. Advanced computers.

B. A new technique M. R. I.

C. Special questionnaires.

D. Learning skills.

4. We can conclude that frequent heading may have .

A. a significant effect on one’s brain

B. little effect on one’s brain

C. nothing to do with the brain

D. improvement in one’s brain

I want to share a true story with you. I am____that it can inspire (激励) everyone. Let’s be likelamps(灯) or candles to light people’s____

Some of my____work in Australia. Among the natives, there was an elderly man. I am sure that you have____been in a situation as difficult as that____old man’s. He was completely ignored by everyone. His____was disordered and dirty.

I told him, “Please let me____your house, wash your clothes, and make your bed.” He answered, “I’m____with this. Let it be.”

I said again, “It will be still better if you____me to do it.”

He finally____So I was able to clean his house and wash his clothes. I____a beautiful lamp, which was covered with____Only God knows how many____had passed since he last lit it.

I said to him, “Don’t you light your lamp? Don’t you ever____it?”

He answered, “No. No one comes to see me. I have no____to light it. Who would I light it for?”

I asked, “Would you light it every____my sisters came?”

He replied, “Of course.”

From that day on, my sisterscommitted (投入) themselves to____him every evening. We cleaned the lamp and he would____it every evening.

Two years passed. I had completely____that man. He sent this message: “Tell my friends that the light they lit in my life continues to____still.”

1.A. surprised B. satisfied C. afraid D. sure

2.A. houses B. plans C. life D. clothes

3.A. sisters B. neighbors C. brothers D. children

4.A. always B. never C. recently D. already

5.A. clever B. strong C. healthy D. poor

6.A. bag B. station C. home D. office

7.A. build B. clean C. remove D. paint

8.A. okay B. sick C. rich D. tidy

9.A. advise B. beg C. allow D. remind

10.A. escaped B. arrived C. shook D. agreed

11.A. made B. discovered C. sold D. passed

12.A. snow B. water C. dust D. sand

13.A. years B. hours C. seconds D. centuries

14.A. enjoy B. see C. keep D. use

15.A. time B. need C. energy D. courage

16.A. night B. morning C. afternoon D. midnight

17.A. feeding B. leading C. visiting D. teaching

18.A. cover B. wash C. watch D. light

19.A. changed B. forgotten C. understood D. believed

20.A. shine B. move C. fly D. rise

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