题目内容
13.Young Mr Smith had an idea for his employer.It was an idea for saving money for the company by increasing prices.At the same time,Smith suggested that the company sell goods of less value.If his employer liked the idea,Mr Smith might be given more pay.Business had been very slow.So Mr Smith's employer thought a few minutes about the idea.But then she shook her head."I am sorry,Mr Smith,"his employer said,"it just will not wash."
Now,the meeting of these English words should be,"It will not get clean."Yet Smith's idea did not have anything to do with making something clean.So why did his employer say"it just will not wash"?
Most word experts agree that"it will not wash"means it will not work.Eric Partridge wrote that the saying probably developed in Britain in the 1800s.charlotte Bronte used it in a story published in 1849.She wrote,"That will not wash,Miss."Miss Bronte seems to have meant that the dyes used to color a piece of clothing were not good.The colors could not be depended on to stay in the material.
In nineteenth century England,the expression came to mean an undependable statement.It was used mainly to describe an idea.But sometimes it was used about a person.
A critic once said of the poet Robert Browning,"He won't wash."The critic did not mean that the poet was not a clean person.he meant that Browning's poems could not be depended on to last.
Today,we know that judgment was wrong.Robert Browning still considered a major poet.But very few people remember the man who said Browning would not wash.
25.When did the saying"It will not wash"probably come into being?B
A.In the 1700s.B.In the 1800s.
C.In the 17th century.D.In the 20th century.
26.What did Mr Smith's employer mean by saying"it just will not wash"?B
A.She thought he didn't express himself clearly.
B.She didn't think his idea was a good one.
C.He needed to look smarter and cleaner at work.
D.The dyes he used to color a piece of clothing did not last.
27.What did the critic probably mean by saying of the poet Robert Browning,"He won't wash."?C
A.Robert Browning was not a clean person.
B.Robert Browning liked to use dirty words.
C.Browning's poems were not good enough.
D.Browning's poems were very good.
28.Which of the following is TRUE about the saying"it just will not wash"?A
A.Now it can be used to describe both an idea and a person.
B.It is related to making something clean.
C.It is used to mean that the colors fade easily.
D.It is used to describe a person who is dirty.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了它不会洗"的说法,产生于19世纪,不会洗"意味着它将无法工作,可以用来描述一个想法和一个人.
解答 25.B.推理判断题.根据倒数第二段:In nineteenth century England,the expression came to mean an undependable statement可知说"它不会洗"可能产生在19世纪;故选B.
26.B.推理判断题.根据第四段:Most word experts agree that"it will not wash"means it will not work可知史米斯先生的雇主所说的"它不会洗"意味着她认为他的想法不好;故选B.
27.C.细节理解题.根据倒数第二段:The critic did not mean that the poet was not a clean person.he meant that Browning's poems could not be depended on to last可知批评家所说的诗人罗伯特•勃朗宁,"他不会洗"的意思是他的诗都不够好;故选C.
28.A.细节理解题.通读全文可知它不会洗"的说法可以用来描述一个想法和一个人;故选A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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8.Swapping Houses for Vacation
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(72)D For example,if a couple from New York want to spend a week in Paris,they would place an ad offering to trade their New York apartment for one in Paris for a week.If a Parisian couple that want to vacation in New York read the advertisement,houses can be swapped,and both couples save hundreds,if not thousands,of dollars by avoiding big-city hotel fees.If all goes well,both couples can post positive reviews of the other's home online so that potential travelers can see that everything was fine.(73)G This builds a community of people who want to help each other out.
There are other advantages co house swapping as well.(74)F Staying at someone's home puts you in a neighborhood that can give you a better representation of the life and culture in the place you're visiting.(75)E The next time you want to spend your vacation in a new place,but don't want to pay a fortune,check what's posted online and find a house to swap.
When budgeting for a vacation,usually the most expensive part of the trip is the accommodations.The traditional way to take a vacation is to pack some bags,lock up the house,and travel to a new place to stay in a hotel.However,hotels are very expensive,and with rent or housing loan(贷款)due every month,it's difficult for most people to pay for yet another place to stay.(71)C Luckily,there is a substitute called house swapping,and it's saving tourists a great deal of cash.
(72)D For example,if a couple from New York want to spend a week in Paris,they would place an ad offering to trade their New York apartment for one in Paris for a week.If a Parisian couple that want to vacation in New York read the advertisement,houses can be swapped,and both couples save hundreds,if not thousands,of dollars by avoiding big-city hotel fees.If all goes well,both couples can post positive reviews of the other's home online so that potential travelers can see that everything was fine.(73)G This builds a community of people who want to help each other out.
There are other advantages co house swapping as well.(74)F Staying at someone's home puts you in a neighborhood that can give you a better representation of the life and culture in the place you're visiting.(75)E The next time you want to spend your vacation in a new place,but don't want to pay a fortune,check what's posted online and find a house to swap.
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3.Although the word workaholic (工作狂) usually has a negative meaning,it is sometimes used by people wishing to express their devotion to their career positively.The"work"in question is usually associated with a paying job,but it may also refer to independent pursuits (追求) such as sports,music and art.A workaholic in the negative sense is popularly characterized by a neglect of family and other social relations.Similarly,people considered to be workaholics tend to lose track of time.
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As with other psychological addictions,workaholics often cannot see that they have a problem.Reasoning the workaholic out of the problem will generally be met with denial.Co-workers,family members and friends may need to communicate the effects of the workaholic's behavior to them.Indeed,mental treatment to cure a workaholic can successfully reduce the hours spent on the job,while increasing the person's productivity.Studies show that fully recovered former workaholics can accomplish in 50hours what they previously couldn't do in 80.
Workaholism is an addiction,and it's not the same as working hard.Experts say the continuous work-related activity masks anxiety,low self-esteem (自尊),and privacy problems.Workaholics feel the urge of being busy all the time,to the point that they often perform tasks that aren't required or necessary for project completion.As a result,they tend to be inefficient workers,since they focus on being busy,instead of focusing on being productive.In addition,workaholics tend to be less effective than other workers because it's difficult for them to work as part of a team,they have trouble entrusting co-workers,or they take on so much that they aren't as organized as others.Workaholics are occupied with work all the time,which prevents them from maintaining healthy relationships,hobbies,or even take measures to protect their health.
As with addictions to alcohol,drugs or gambling,workaholics'harmful behavior will continue despite advice from loved ones or danger signs such as worsening relationships.Poor health is another warning sign.Because there's less of social shame attached to workaholism than to other addictions,health symptoms can easily go unrecognized.In the U.S.and Canada,workaholism remains what it's always been:the so-called"respectable addiction"that's dangerous as any other.Workaholism in Japan is considered a serious social problem leading to early death,often on the job,a phenomenon called karōshi (过劳死).
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Workaholism | |
Passage outline | Supporting details |
Different attitudes towards workaholics | ●Some consider workaholics (71)devoted/committed to their occupation. ●Many think workaholics usually have no sense of time and (72)neglect/overlook/ignore their relatives,friends or colleagues. |
Features of workaholics | ●They take work as a method to escape their worries or troubles in their life. ●They aim at keeping themselves (73)busy/occupied instead of accomplishing their work. ●They prefer (74)individual work because they hardly believe in others. ●They (75)fail to deal with others properly,enjoy any hobby or manage to keep themselves healthy. |
(76)Problems/Troubles with worka- holism | ●It is difficult for workaholists to overcome this addiction. ●Its bad influence on health can hardly be (77)recognized/noticed/seen. ●It may even shorten a workaholic's (78)life if it is not seriously dealt with. |
(79)Treatments/Cures for worka- holism | ●Our (80)communication(s) with the workaholics may help them realize what might happen to them. ●Treating workaholics mentally turns out to be successful in many cases. |