题目内容

   Iceland has energy to spare, and the small country has found a cutting-edge(尖端的) way to reduce its oil dependency. Volcanoes formed the island nation out of ash and lava(熔岩), which heat huge underground lakes to the boiling point. The hot water is piped into cities providing heat for homes, businesses and even swimming pools. The water runs through turbines(涡轮机), providing all the country’s electricity.

   Iceland wants to make plans to improve its cars, buses and trucks to run on renewable energy. Iceland has already started by turning water into fuel ----hydrogen(氢) fuel. Here’s how it works: Electrodes (电极) change the water into hydrogen and oxygen molecules(分子). Hydrogen electrons pass through a conductor that creates the current to power an electric engine.

   Hydrogen fuel now costs two to three times as much as gasoline, but gets up to three times the distance than gas, making the overall cost about the same. As an added benefit, there is no carbon(碳) ----only water steam.

   In the capital, Reykjavik, they are already testing three hydrogen-powered electric buses. The drivers are impressed. “I like these buses better because with hydrogen you get no pollution,” said bus driver Rognvaldur Jonatanison. By the middle of this century, all Icelanders will be required to run their cars only on hydrogen fuel, meaning no more gasoline.

　　“If we make hydrogen and use that as a fuel for transportation then we can run the whole society on our own local renewable energy sources,”said Marie Mack. Icelanders are showing the world that by making fuel from water, it is possible to kick the oil habit.

 

57. From Paragraph 1 we may infer that ________.

A. Iceland lacks natural resources           

B. volcanoes do more good than harm to Iceland

C. Iceland only depends on oil for energy     

D. Iceland’s electricity is made from coal

58. Which of the following is necessary during the period of turning water into fuel according to Paragraph 2?

   A. Lava               B. Electric engine        C. Conductor         D. Turbine

59. The cars with hydrogen as fuel ________.

A. are environmentally friendly                   B. are cheaper

    C. run much faster                                     D. will make useful steam

60. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Pollution saying goodbye to the world.    

B. Iceland becoming a country without oil

C. Iceland began to turn water into fuel     

D. Man able to kick the oil habit

57．B    58．C    59．A    60．C
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A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.  
Grirmsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川） of ice up to 12 maters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer（层）of water between the glacier and the volcano This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable, As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava（岩浆） from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.  
Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM. one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.  
The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash- covered grass to the sharp object.  
【小题1】What makes Grimsvom different from other volcanoes? 

A．It is below ice.
B．It lies under the sea
C．It is the largest volcano
D．It is lava affects the airlines
【小题2】What keeps Grimsvotn still? 
A．The slow flow of water
B．The low water temperature
C．The thick glacier
D．The water pressure
【小题3】Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption? 
A．People stop traveling in Europe
B．Airlines suffer from the loss of planes
C．It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside
D．Farmers have lost many of their animals
【小题4】This text is most probably taken from_ 
A．a research paper
B．a newspaper report
C．a class presentation
D．a geography textbook.

A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.

Grimsvotn is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes

Grimsvotn different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川）of ice up to 12 metres thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer(层)

of water between glacier and the volcano, keeping it stable. As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(岩浆) from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what is happening today.

Now airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM, one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.

The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp, glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them eating ash-covered grass or the sharp objects.

1.What makes Grimsvotn different from other volcanoes?

A．It is under the sea.                      B．Its lava affects the airlines.

C．It is the largest volcano.                   D．It is below ice.

2.What keeps Grimsvotn still?

A．The slow flow of water..                   B．The thick glacier.

C．The water pressure.                     D．The low water temperature.

3.Which of the following is the result of the volcano eruption?

A．It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside.

B．Famers have lost many of their animals.

C．Airlines suffer from the loss of planes.

D．People stop traveling in Europe.

4.how many passengers were forced to stay in the airport?

A．thousands of passengers                  B．hundreds of passengers

C．ten thousands of passengers               D．20000 of passengers

 

To American visitors, Iceland is a very interesting country, partly because it is different in so many ways from what he or she is used to seeing at home. There are quite a few things that are not done, or that do not exist on the island - quite a few "No's".

There is no pollution, for instance. No dogs are permitted in Reykjavik, the capital. There is no television on Thursdays or during the entire month of July, and only three hours of black-and-white TV the rest of the time. There is no hard liquor on Wednesdays and no beer at any time. There are no handguns; only one jail of thirty-five cells（牢房） in the entire land – an admirable figure, even for a small country of 313,376 people.

There is no army, air force or navy. There is no tipping for anything. There are no large stores open on Saturdays or Sundays. Since Iceland is situated just under the Arctic Circle, there is no darkness in summer and do daylight in winter. But thanks to Gulf Stream, the climate is rather mild, with temperatures ranging from 34 degrees Fahrenheit to 52 degrees in July.

The rules on television, liquor, and guns are the result of governmental decision. But the absence of pollution is due in great part to the fact that Iceland gets its power from the enormous geyser（间歇泉）and the thousands of hot springs that come out of the ground. They provide all the energy needed by the country. In fact, Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power.

Iceland has been described as a democratic (民主的) independent country where more fish are caught and more books published per person than anywhere else in the world. The Icelanders have always felt a particular love for literature. They composed their first works in the ninth and tenth centuries AD. These works were poems and tales about the kings, heroes, and heroines of Iceland and Norway. At first the stories were memorized and passed from generation to generation. The Icelanders have never stopped writing ever since. “Rather shoeless than bookless," they proudly say.

1.American visitors enjoy visiting Iceland probably because     .

A．no dogs are permitted in the capital

B．the police do not carry handguns

C．it is very different from America

D．the climate is rather mild.

2.The following statements are true EXCEPT       .

A．there are no soldiers in Iceland

B．the Icelanders don't drink beer

C．there is no service fee of any kind

D．there are no crimes in Iceland

3.There is no pollution in Iceland mainly because         .

A．Iceland uses only 3 percent of all its available power

B．the Icelanders use hot water from the ground below as their energy

C．it is located just under the Arctic Circle

D．it is a democratic independent country

4."Rather shoeless than bookless" means         .

A．they regard books more important than shoes.

B．they would rather have shoes on than write books

C．they prefer traveling to reading

D．they prefer not to have shoes or books

 

A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.

Grimsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier(冰川) of ice up to 12 maters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer(层)of water between the glacier and the volcano This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable, As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(岩浆) from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.

Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. according to KLM, one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.

The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash—covered grass to the sharp object.

1.What makes Grimsvom different from other volcanoes?

A．It is below ice.

B．It lies under the sea

C．It is the largest volcano

D．It is lava affects the airlines

2.What keeps Grimsvom still?

A．The slow flow of water.

B．The low water temperature.

C．The thick glacier.

D．The water pressure.

3.Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption?

A．People stop traveling in Europe.

B．Airlines suffer from the loss of planes.

C．It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside.

D．Farmers have lost many of their animals.

4.This text is most probably taken from________.

A．a research paper

B．a newspaper report

C．a class presentation

D．a geography textbook

 

Welcome to the future. It’s year 2050 and Scotland is now powered completely by“clean”energy.

Homes have entire roofs made of solar materials, rooms are kept warm by wallpaper, and people go to and from work in electric and hydrogen( 氢) cars.

Oil is still being found in the North Sea, but it’s not now only used to keep aircraft flying. And a new 500---mile underwater link with Iceland has been built to catch heat from the hot springs. There’s still a role for king coal—but the black diamonds are now environment---friendly. 

People will be able to import the electricity they need and export any excess(超过的量) they make through rooftop windmills(风车). New technology will store electricity better and provide it on demand. Heat exchangers will provide heating and hot water.

Harmful carbon dioxide waste is being piped offshore to St Fergus and from there into some of the remaining oil—producing fields to be stored safely without entering the atmosphere. Gas remains the preferred energy source of industry and is now shipped in liquid form. But hydrogen is imported through pipelines from France and from a geothermal (地热的) plant in Iceland.

Hydrogen—fuelled cars have become popular. Electric bikes are common in cities using the new urban two—wheel network. Electric vehicles have become common, and their performances have been improved because of the developments in electrical drive technology like high—temperature super conducting motors. Many people leave their vehicles in a giant park where they can be recharged from the national electrical system . Oilseed rape (油菜) is widely grown to fuel some motors .

1.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 mean ?

    A. The hot springs   B. Oil         C. Coal           D. Oil and coal

2.Which sources of energy play a more important role in people’s daily life in the future ?

    A. Oil and coal                    

B. Hydrogen and gas

    C. Electricity and gas                               

D. Solar energy and wind

3.The means of transport people use in 2050 do not include__________.

    A. windmills      B. electric bikes C. hydrogen—fuelled cars   D. aircraft

4.The passage is written to tell us in the future_____________.

    A. life will be better and better  

B. the energy will become cleaner and cleaner

    C. people will use some new sources of energy

    D. people will pay more attention to the environment

 

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