For centuries, medical pioneers have refined a variety of methods and medicines to treat sickness, injury, and disability, enabling people to live longer and healthier lives.

“A salamander (a small lizard-like animal) can grow back its leg. Why can't a human do the same?” asked Peruvian-born surgeon Dr. Anthony Atala in a recent interview. The question, a reference to work aiming to grow new limbs for wounded soldiers, captures the inventive spirit of regenerative medicine. This innovative field seeks to provide patients with replacement body parts.

These parts are not made of steel; they are the real things --- living cells, tissue, and even organs.

Regenerative medicine is still mostly experimental, with clinical applications limited to procedures such as growing sheets of skin on burns and wounds. One of its most significant advances took place in 1999,when a research group at North Carolina’s Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine conducted a successful organ replacement with a laboratory-grown bladder. Since then, the team, led by Dr. Atala, has continued to generate a variety of other tissues and organs 一 from kidneys to ears.

The field of regenerative medicine builds on work conducted in the early twentieth century with the first successful transplants of donated human soft tissue and bone. However, donor organs are not always the best option. First of all, they are in short supply, and many people die while waiting

for an available organ; in the United States alone, more than 100,000 people are waiting for organ transplants. Secondly, a patient’s body may ultimately reject the transplanted donor organ. An advantage of regenerative medicine is that the tissues are grown from a patient’s own cells and will not be rejected by the body’s immune system.

Today, several labs are working to create bioartificial body parts. Scientists at Columbia and Yale Universities have grown a jawbone and a lung. At the University of Minnesota, Doris Taylor has created a beating bioartificial rat heart. Dr. Atala’s medical team has reported long-term success with bioengineered bladders implanted into young patients with spina bifida (a birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord). And at the University of Michigan, H. David Humes has created an artificial kidney.

So far, the kidney procedure has only been used successfully with sheep, but there is hope that one day similar kidney will be implantable in a human patient. The continuing research of scientists such as these may eventually make donor organs unnecessary and, as a result, significantly increase individuals’ chances of survival.

1.In the latest field of regenerative medicine, what are replacement parts made of?

A. Donated cells, tissues and organs.

B. Rejected cells, tissues and organs.

C. Cells, tissues and organs of one’s own.

D. Cells, tissues and organs made of steel.

2.What have scientists experimented successfully on for a bioartificial kidney?

A. Patients. B. Rats.

C. Sheep. D. Soldiers.

3.Why is regenerative medicine considered innovative?

A. It will provide patients with replacement soft tissues.

B. It will strengthen the human body’s immune system.

C. It will shorten the time patients waiting for a donated organ.

D. It will make patients live longer with bioartificial organs.

4.What is the writer’s attitude towards regenerative medicine?

A. Positive. B. Negative.

C. Doubtful. D. Reserved.

C

Join the Family Read-Aloud Celebration, held by the Gonda Family Library and the Family School Alliance at UCLA Lab School, from February 21 to March 14,2014. We ask you to spend time reading aloud to your children at least 20 minutes each day.We hope to help families develop a habit of reading aloud every day throughout and beyond primary school. We'll finish the celebration with a party on March 14 for the whole school.

Ways to join:

● Visit Book Corner for reading aloud suggestions.

Come to the start of the activity on Friday, Feb, 21.

● Add books to our list of favorite read aloud

● Send us a photo of your family reading together (jkan,tor@ucta. edu). We will share it at the party.

● Record your family's reading journey! .

● Join us for th︿ party on March 14,5一7 p. rn.

Go on a reading journey!

Books can introduce your family to interesting people, exciting places, adventures and information. Let your journeys take you through these categories:

●Fiction ● Picture books ● Poetry

●Science ● History ● Sports

●Arts ● other Non-Fiction ● Benefits of Reading Aloud

Reading aloud helps a cloud to read with pleasure, create background knowledge, and build vocabulary. It also provides children with a reading model. Reading aloud doesn't just benefit young children. Parents should continue reading aloud as their children grow because listening comprehension is more important than reading skills in middle school.

Jim Trelease, in his Read-Aloud Handbook, has noted that almost as big a mistake as not reading to children at all is stopping too soon Until about the eighth grade, children listen and comprehend on a higher level than their reading skills allow them to read independently, This means children can hear and understand stories that are more difficult and more interesting than anything they can read on their own

1.What’s the purpose of the Family Read-Aloud Celebration?

A. To celebrate the joys of reading.

B. To help improve family relationship,

C. To change families bad reading habits.

D. To get families into the habit of reading aloud.

2.If you want to join the activity, you're supposed to __

A. mail a book to the school

B. make an appearance at the starting day

C. read out loud from 5~7 p. m every day

D. share your reading experience at the party

3.We can infer from Jim Tyelease that.

A. young children show greater skills at listening than reading

B. children should be allowed to make mistakes in reading

C. interesting stories are easier for children to understand

D. the eighth-graders can-t read on their own

4.In which part of a website can We find the text?

A. Culture B. Lifestyle.

C. Education. D. Science.

D

Whenever people think of charity, the first word that jumps into their mind may be money donated to the needy.However, Wugging, or web-use giving, describes the act of giving to charity at no cost to the user.By using Everyclick.com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK, students can raise money every time they search, but it won 4 cost them a penny.

Research shows that students are extremely enthusiastic about supporting charity —88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity.This figure is high considering this age group is often the least likely to have their own income.19% of 22 to 24 year olds have short-term debts of more than & 5,000.With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible.

Beth Truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate, has used Everyclick.com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the "Wugging" grow in popularity with students."When you're at university you become more socially aware, but it's sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself," says Beth."Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give to charity, without costing them a single penny."

Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but don' t feel they have the means to do so.Students using the web can raise money for causes they care about without costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.

Everyclick.com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can decide which of the UK's 170,000 charities they would like to support through their clicks.Everyclick.com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity.Launched in June 2005, Everyclick.com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK.

1.According to the passage, "Wugging" is actually____.

A.a charity-related action

B.a website

C.a school organization

D.a student movement

2.In the case of charity, Everyclick.com____.

A.receives much money from students

B.frees students of the financial worries

C.offers valuable information to students

D.praises students for their money-raising

3.From the passage, we can conclude that____.

A.most full time students do charity on the Internet every day

B.Everyclick.com is the busiest charity website in the UK

C.Everyclick.com helps students pay for further education

D."Wugging" is a win-win idea for both students and charities

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A."Wugging", a popular term on the Internet

B.Students collect money for charity by " Wugging"

C.More British charities benefit from the Internet

D.Charity enjoys increasing popularity with the British

Last week I talked with some of my students about what they wanted to do after they graduated, and what kind of job prospects they thought they had.

Given that I teach students who are training to be doctors, I was surprised to find that most thought that they would not be able to get the jobs they wanted without “outside help”. “What kind of help is that?” I asked, expecting them to tell me that they would need a relative or family friend to help them out.

“Surgery(外科手术)”, one replied.

I was pretty alarmed by that response. It seems that the graduates of today are increasingly willing to go under the knife to get ahead of others when it comes to getting a job.

One girl told me that she was considering surgery to increase her height. “They break your legs, put in special extending screws, and slowly expand the gap between the two ends of the bone as it re-grows, you can get at least 5 cm taller!”

At that point, I was shocked. I am short, I can’t deny that, but I don’t think I would put myself through months of agony(痛苦) just to be a few centimeters taller. I don’t even bother to wear shoes with thick soles, as I’m not trying to hide the fact that I am just not tall!

It seems to me that there is a trend toward wanting “perfection”, and that is an ideal that just does not exist in reality.

No one is born perfect, yet magazines, TV shows and movies present images of thin, tall, beautiful people as being the norm. Advertisements for slimming aids, beauty treatments and cosmetic surgery clinics fill the pages of newspapers, further creating an idea that “perfection” is a requirement, and that it must be purchased, no matter what the cost.

In my opinion, skills, rather than appearance, should determine how successful a person is in his chosen career.

1.We can know from the passage that the author works as ________.

A. a doctor B. a model

C. a teacher D. a reporter

2.Many graduates today turn to cosmetic s surgery to ________.

A. marry a better man\woman

B. become a model

C. get an advantage over others in job-hunt

D. attract more admirers

3.According to the passage, the author believes that ________.

A. everyone should purchase perfection, whatever the cost

B. it’s right for graduates to ask for others to help them out in hunting for jobs

C. it is one’s appearance instead of skills that really matters in one’s career

D. media are to blame for misleading young people in their seeking for surgery

4.The best title for the passage should be “________”.

A. Young Graduates Have Higher Expectation

B. Young Graduates Look to Surgery for Better Jobs

C. Young Graduates’ Opinion About Cosmetic Surgery

D. Young Graduates Face a Different Situation in Job-hunt

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