阅读下列短文,从每题所给的(A、B、C和D)四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

  Brazil has become one of the developing world's greatsuccesses at reducing population growth— but more by acci-dent than design.While countries such as India have madejoint efforts to reduce birth rates,Brazil has had better resultwithout really trying,says George Marfine at Harvard.

  Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960.to 1.93% a year between1981 and 1990.and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average.Martine says this figure may have fallen stillfurther since 1990.an achievemebt that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

  Martine puts it down to,among other things,soap operas and instalment(分期付款)plans introduced in the 1970.s.Both played an important,although indirect,role in lowering the birth rate.Brazil is one of the world's biggest produecrs of soap operas.Globo,Brazil's most popular television net-work.shows three hours of soaps six nights a week,while three others show at least one hour a night.Most soaps are based on wealthy characters live the high life in big cities.

  “Although they have never really tried to work in a mes-sage towards the problems of reproduction(生育),they describe middle and upper class values-not many children,different attitudes towards sex,women working,”says Martine.“They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and madepeople conscious of other patterns of hohaviour and other val-ues.which were put into a very attractive package.”

  Meanwhile,the instalment plans tried to encourage thepoor to become consumers(消费者).“This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption wasincompatible(不能共存的)with unlimited reproduetion,”says Martine.

(1)

According to the passage,Brazil has cut back its population growth ________

[  ]

A.

by educating its citizens

B.

by careful family planning

C.

by developing TV programmes

D.

by chance

(2)

According to the passage,many Third World coun tries ________

[  ]

A.

haven't paid enough attention to birth control

B.

would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate

C.

have great difficulty controlling their population

D.

make no use of TV plays in family planning

(3)

Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil's birth rate because ________

[  ]

A.

they keep people sitting long hours watching TV

B.

they have gradually changed people's way of life

C.

people are drawn to their attractive package

D.

they popularize government's birth control measures

(4)

What is Martine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth ________

[  ]

A.

The increase in birth rate will raise consumption.

B.

The desire for consumption helps to rednce birth rate.

C.

Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns areincompatible.

D.

A country's production is limited by its population growth.

阅读理解

  BELIEVE it or not, the color of the tie Barack Obama wore to the inauguration(就职典礼)is now a hotly debated topic.The level of public interest in Obama's tie might seem strange but many people believe his choice will symbolize the type of government he plans to run, as the color of a politician's tie is thought to convey ideas of power, trustworthiness and more.

  Polities of ties

  It may be the least practical item of male dress, but it is arguably the most expressive.In the UK and many other coun-tries around the world, conservative(保守的)politicians may wear a blue tie and their liberal opponents a red one.In America, the colors go the other way round.The Republicans have in recent years become associated with the color red, and the Democrats with blue.But in spite of this, Bush wears blue ties more often than any other color.

  What they mean

  According to Sharon Haver, editor of focusonstyle.com, in America the feelings associated with colors overrule their political significance.“A guy who wants to be regarded as strong and in charge would wear red,” Haver says.Unsurprisingly, the business tycoon Donald Trump is known for wearing red ties.But what about blue? According to Haver, “Blue is a softer color…Look at the sky.It's peaceful and calm and trustworthy.”

  Selecting the right tie for the right occasion

  ●Perfect job interview tie

  Perhaps no other tie-wearing occasion is as important as the job interview.Gilchrist, the fashion expert, advises playing it safe and choosing a conservative one.Best choices are solids, stripes or small patterns.An excellent color is burgundy(深红色)or another serious color.Avoid pink or yellow, which suggests that the wearer lacks gravity.

  Pattern ties, Gilchrist suggests, should be limited to a maximum of three colors.A striped tie is a safe choice as this is acceptable to everyone.Last, Gilchrist recommends saving the expensive “hip” tie for those applying for glamorous creative jobs.

  ●Date-night tie

  When picking out the right tie for taking a girl out on a date, spend more time considering color than pattern.According to studies, women are attracted to men wearing the color blue, because blue gives the image of a “stable, faithful, constant, always there” person.So what is the worst color to wear on a date? “Flattened caterpillar(毛虫)yellow-green,” according to Gilchrist, “it will repel both sexes equally.”

(1)

Why are people interested in the tie that Obama wore to the inauguration?

[  ]

A.

Because they think the tie he wore will enable them to know about his personalities and policies.

B.

Because they want to advise him how to select an appropriate tie for such a big occasion.

C.

Because they think the tie will tell if he is trustworthy as they expected when he assumes office.

D.

Because they believe the tie is an essential part of dressing to a mature politician like Obama.

(2)

What can we infer about Bush, the former president, from the passage?

[  ]

A.

He was probably liberal in his policies when he was in power.

B.

He was a Republican when he served as president.

C.

He wore only blue ties and had no ties of alternative colors.

D.

He wanted to make himself unique by the tie that he wore.

(3)

The example of “the business tycoon Donald Trump” is given to ________.

[  ]

A.

prove that color reflects people's feelings to a certain degree

B.

show that Donald is so wealthy that he can afford expensive ties

C.

tell that Donald is physically strong and can handle everything

D.

explain that red is a popular color, especially with businessmen

(4)

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

[  ]

A.

Ties can be ignored by politicians since they are the least practical item of male dress.

B.

Do choose ties carefully before dating, because it is the most important occasion.

C.

Why to avoid pink or yellow ties in job interviews is that they don't match the atmosphere.

D.

The more colorful the tie is, the more likely you'll get the job you want.

阅读理解

  BELIEVE it or not, the color of the tie Barack Obama wore to the inauguration(就职典礼)is now a hotly debated topic.The level of public interest in Obama’s tie might seem strange but many people believe his choice will symbolize the type of government he plans to run, as the color of a politician’s tie is thought to convey ideas of power, trustworthiness and more.

  Polities of ties.

  It may be the least practical item of male dress, but it is arguably the most expressive.In the UK and many other coun-tries around the world, conservative(保守的)politicians may wear a blue tie and their liberal opponents a red one.In America, the colors go the other way round.The Republicans have in recent years become associated with the color red, and the Democrats with blue.But in spite of this, bush wears blue ties more often than any other color.

  What they mean

  According to Sharon Haver, editor of focusonstyle.com, in America the feelings associated with colors overrule their political significance.“a guy who want to be regarded as strong and in charge would wear red,” Haver says.Unsurprisingly, the business tycoon Donald Trump is known for wearing red ties.But what about blue? According to Haver, “Blue is a softer color… Look at the sky.It’s peaceful and calm and trustworthy.”

  Selecting the right tie for the right occasion.

  ●Perfect job interview tie.

  Perhaps no other tie -wearing occasion is as important as the job interview.Gilchrist, the fashion expert, advises playing it safe and choosing a conservative one.Best choices are solids, stripes or small patterns.An excellent color is burgundy(深红色)or another serious color.Avoid pink or yellow, which suggests that the wearer lacks gravity.

  Pattern ties, Gilchrist suggests, should be limited to a maximum of three colors.A striped tie is a safe choice as this is acceptable to everyone.Last, Gilchrist recommends saving the expensive “hip” tie for those applying for glamorous creative jobs.

  ●Date-night tie

  When picking out the right tie for taking a girl out on a date, spend more time considering color than pattern.According to studies, women are attracted to men wearing the color blue, because blue gives the image of a “stable, faithful, constant, always there” person.So what is the worst color to wear on a date? “Flattened caterpillar(毛虫)yellow-green,” according to Gilchrist, “it will repel both sexes equally.”

(1)

Why are people interested in the tie that Obama wore to the inauguration?

[  ]

A.

Because they think the tie he wore will enable them to know about his personalities and policies.

B.

Because they want to advise him how to select an appropriate tie for such a big occasion.

C.

Because they think the tie will tell if he is trustworthy as they expected when he assumes office.

D.

Because they believe the tie is an essential part of dressing to a mature politician like Obama.

(2)

What can we infer about Bush, the former president, from the passage?

[  ]

A.

He was probably liberal in his policies when he was in power.

B.

He was a Republican when he served as president.

C.

He wore only blue ties and had no ties of alternative colors.

D.

He wanted to make himself unique by the tie that he wore.

(3)

The example of “the business tycoon Donald Trump” is given to _________.

[  ]

A.

prove that color reflects people’s feelings to a certain degree

B.

show that Donald is so wealthy that he can afford expensive ties

C.

tell that Donald is physically strong and can handle everything

D.

explain that red is a popular color, especially with businessmen

(4)

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

[  ]

A.

Ties can be ignored by politicians since they are the least practical item of male dress.

B.

Do choose ties carefully before dating, because it is the most important occasion.

C.

Why to avoid pink or yellow ties in job interviews is that they don’t match the atmosphere.

D.

The more colorful the tie is, the more likely you’ll get the job you want.

阅读理解

  In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and English-andall at the same time.This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a computer science professor at US's Car-negie Mellon University(CMU)and Germany's University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be reality.He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier forpeople who speak different languages to understand each other.

  One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into an-other.Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary.Us-ers also have to be trained how to use the programme.

  Another machine can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what languagethey speak.“It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you, ”Waibel said

  Prefer to read? So- called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录)the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal display(LCD)screen.

  Then there's the Muscle Translator.Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words.The signals are then translated into speech.The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person's face, according to research-ers.

  During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU's Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese student named Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat.Then he mouthed-without speaking aloud- a few words in Mandarin(普通话)to the audience.A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish:“Let me introduce our new prototype.”

  This particular instrument, when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of lan-guages or, as Waibel put it, “to switch your mouth to a foreign language”.“The idea behind the universi-ty's prototypes is to create'good enough' bridges for cross- cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world, ”Waibel said.

  With spontaneous(自发的)translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio; tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people; leaders of different coun-tries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.

(1)

What can't be learned from the text?

[  ]

A.

The spontaneous translators will help us a lot.

B.

There is no Muscle Translator in the world now.

C.

Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth.

D.

A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily.

(2)

What does the underlined word mean?

[  ]

A.

happening at at the same time.

B.

happening by itself.

C.

similar in size.

D.

Similar in quality.

(3)

What's the final destination of inventing the language translators?

[  ]

A.

To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier.

B.

To help students learn foreign languages more easily.

C.

To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably.

D.

To help people learn more foreign languages in the future.

(4)

What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?

[  ]

A.

The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need.

B.

The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge.

C.

With the help of the translator,you only need to open your mouth when you want to say something without saying the exact words at all.

D.

The translator needs to be improved before being put into market.

(5)

Where can we probably find this passage?

[  ]

A.

A newspaper.

B.

A magazine on science.

C.

A fairy tale.

D.

A scientific fantasy book.

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