题目内容
A person named Bernard Jackson today is a free man, but he has many bitter memories. He spent five years in prison after a jury (陪审团)wrongly convicted (判处…有罪) him of raping two women. At Jackson’s trial, although two witnesses testified that Jackson was with them in another location at the time of the crime, he was convicted anyway. Why? The jury believed the testimony(证词)of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who had attacked them. The court eventually freed Jackson after the police found the real criminal.
Many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. For instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a group of people. They can become confused by seeing many photographs of similar faces. The number of people in the group, and whether it is a person or a photograph, may also affect a witness’s decision. People sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. The questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.
Many people believe that police officers are more reliable than ordinary people. Psychologists decided to test this idea, and they discovered that it is not true. Two psychologists showed a film of crimes to both police officers and civilians. The psychologists found no difference between the police and the civilians in correctly remembering the details of the crimes.
Despite all the possibilities for inaccuracy, courts cannot omit eyewitness testimony from a trial. American courts depend almost completely on eyewitness testimony to resolve(决定)court cases. Sometimes it is the only evidence to a crime, such as rape. Furthermore, eyewitness testimony is often correct. Although people do sometimes make mistakes, and convict innocent people, more importantly, eyewitness testimony has rightly convicted a larger number of guilty people.
American courts depend on the ability of the twelve jurors, and not the judges, to determine the accuracy of the witness’s testimony. It is their responsibility to decide if a certain witness could actually see, hear and remember what happened.
【小题1】Bernard Jackson was found guilty and sentenced 5 years’ prison because________.
A.the victims insisted that he was the attacker |
B.he admitted the crime of raping two women |
C.the police discovered evidence leading to his guilt |
D.the eyewitness proved the victims’ testimony |
A.the eyewitness is confused by the police’s questions |
B.the eyewitness is shown photos of many similar faces |
C.the eyewitness lacks the professional help from police |
D.the eyewitness can’t identify people of other races clearly. |
A.the misunderstanding of the case |
B.the disbelief in the court |
C.the disrespect for the eyewitness |
D.the conviction of an innocent person |
A.it can be relied on to detect criminals in all cases. |
B.it is sometimes the only way to resolve court cases. |
C.it is sometimes the only clue for police investigation. |
D.it is more reliable than physical evidences to a crime. |
A.eyewitness testimony is valuable, though sometimes incorrect. |
B.police identification is more reliable than that of the ordinary people |
C.crime victims often fail to give positive identification of the suspects |
D.the jury relies on the judge than the eyewitness for a decision |
【小题1】A
【小题1】C
【小题1】D
【小题1】B
【小题1】A
解析试题分析:这篇文章讲述了证人有时候的判断虽然有错误,但是证人的证词还是很重要的。
【小题1】 根据The jury believed the testimony(证词)of the two victims, who positively identified Jackson as the man who had attacked them,故选A。
【小题2】根据第二自然段和第三自然段,可知选C。
【小题3】根据Although people do sometimes make mistakes, and convict innocent people.故选D。
【小题4】根据Despite all the possibilities for inaccuracy, courts cannot omit eyewitness testimony from a trial. American courts depend almost completely on eyewitness testimony to resolve(决定)court cases.所以答案为B。
【小题5】根据最后一个自然段,所以答案为A。
考点:新闻报道类短文阅读理解
点评:要想答好题目,重在理解全文意思。这篇文章比较难,先看问题,再带着问题读短文,找出各段落的主旨句,理解全文内容,总结全文中心,然后再回到问题上来,很容易选出正确答案。
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完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I always felt sorry for people in wheelchairs.Some people,old and weak,cannot 36 by themselves.Others seem perfectly healthy, 37 in business suits,and wheel themselves around with strong determination.But whenever I saw someone in a wheelchair,I only saw a 38 ,not a person.
Then I fainted(晕倒)at Euro Disney 39 low blood pressure.This was the first time I had ever fainted,and my parents said that I must 40 for a while after First Aid.I agreed to take it easy,but 41 I stepped toward the door,I saw my dad pushing a (n) 42 in my direction!Feeling the colour burn my cheeks,I asked him to wheel that thing right back to 43 he found it.
I could not believe this was happening to me.Wheelchairs were 44 for other people but not for me.As my father wheeled me out into the main street,people 45 began to treat me differently.
Little kids ran in front of me, 46 my father to stop the wheelchair suddenly. 47 set in as I was thrown back and forth.“Stupid kids—they have perfectly good 48 .Why can’t they watch where they’re going?”I thought.People 49 down at me,pity in their eyes.Then they would look away,maybe because they thought the 50 they forgot me,the better.
“I am just like you!”I wanted to scream.“The only 51 is that you’ve got legs,and I have wheels.”
People in wheelchairs are not 52 .They can see every look and hear each word.Looking out at the faces,I finally understood: I was once just like them.I 53 people in wheelchairs exactly the way they did not 54 to be treated.I realized it is some of us with two healthy legs who are 55 disabled.
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“Indeed”George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly,or bug,had begun to eat the leaves before I left home.” But the father of America was not the father of bug.When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫). But the Enlish were soon to stop using the bugs in their language, leaving it to be the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The American bug could also be a person, referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs and the like.
Or the bug could be a small machine or object, for example, a bug-shaped car. The bug could also be a burlar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install(安装) an alarm”. Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others’ conversations.Since the 1840s,to bug has long meant “to cheat”,and since the 1994s it has been annoying.
We also know the bug as a flaw n a computer program or other design.That meaning dates back to the time of Tomas Edison.In 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of stdy and labor to overcome in developing a successful product. In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering′a bug′ in his invented record player.”
【小题1】We learn from Paragraph 1 that .
A.American had difficulty in learning to use the word “bug”. |
B.George Washinton was the first person to call the insect a bug. |
C.the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century. |
D.both the Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the gighteen century. |
A.Explanation. |
B.Finding. |
C.Origin. |
D.Fault. |
A.the misunderstanding of thr word bug |
B.the deveopment of the word bug |
C.the public views of the word bug |
D.the special characteristics of the word bug |