题目内容

8.The second Monday in October in the United States is Columbus Day.It is a federal holiday.The holiday honors the first visit to America by the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus.Columbus thought he could reach the Far East by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean from Europe.
He was right.But he was also wrong.He thought the world was much smaller than it is.He did not imagine that another continent and another huge ocean lay between Europe and East Asia.
Columbus and his crew arrived in October 1492 on an island they called San Salvador,in today's Bahamas.Columbus believed these were the coastal islands of East Asia,and then called the Indies.That is why he called the people who lived on the islands"Indians."He refused to accept he was wrong about the geography,even though local plants where he explored were unknown in Europe or Asia,and native people did not understand any languages spoken in the East.
Many people have pointed out that Christopher Columbus never recognized where he really landed.Other European explorer.s did land in what is now the United States.But not Columbus.More importantly,some say,Columbus did not"discover"a new world:many native people already lived here.
Critics of Columbus Day also strongly object to the holiday because Columbus treated native people cruelly.He imprisoned some of the West Indians,forcing them to serve the Europeans or search for gold.He controlled parts of the population with violence and oppression.In addition,Columbus and his fellow European voyagers forced native people to accept Christianity.And,they brought new diseases that sickened and killed many of the native people.Columbus'arrival in the Caribbean was destructive to the people there.
Even though Columbus Day is one of the most doubtful holidays in the U.S.calendar,scholars say the origins of Columbus Day aimed to bring Americans together.In 1892,President Benjamin Harrison called on the country to observe Columbus Day,and to reflect on their achievements in the 400 years since Columbus landed in San Salvador.

32.Why did Columbus fail to reach the Far East?B
A.He went in the wrong direction of his voyage.
B.He lacked enough geographic knowledge.
C.Hrs theory proved to be wrong in practice.
D.He didn't have good enough imagination.
33.Which of the following best describes Columbus?C
A.Cautious.
B.Honest.
C.Stubborn.
D.Modest.
34.What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about?A
A.Great harm Columbus brought to the native people.
B.Various Changes since Columbus landed there.
C.The way how Columbus controlled the native people.
D.Conflicts occurring between Columbus and the natives.
35.What was the original purpose of creating Columbus Day?C
A.To honour the United States.
B.To get relaxed from work.
C.To unite American people.
D.To show progress of America.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了哥伦布航行寻找新大陆的故事.

解答 32.B.细节题.根据文章内容,He thought the world was much smaller than it is.He did not imagine that another continent and another huge ocean lay between Europe and East Asia.哥伦布认为这个世界要比想要的小,但是他没有想到在欧洲和东亚之间隔着一个大陆和一个巨大的海湾,说明他对地理情况不大了解,结合选项,故选B
33.C.细节题.根据文章内容,."He refused to accept he was wrong about the geography,even though local plants where he explored were unknown in Europe or Asia,哥伦布拒绝接受他的地理知识方面有缺陷的事实…由此可知,他是一个固执的人,故选C
34.A.段落大意题.根据文章内容,He imprisoned some of the West Indians,forcing them to serve the Europeans or search for gold.He controlled parts of the population with violence and oppression.In addition,Columbus and his fellow European voyagers forced native people to accept Christianity.哥伦布监禁了一些西印度人,强迫他们去找金子,他还武力控制了一些人口.此外,他和他的团队还强迫当地人信仰基督教,这些都是哥伦布对当地人们的不好的行为,结合选项,故选A
35.C.细节题.根据文章内容,scholars say the origins of Columbus Day aimed to bring Americans together.学者说,哥伦布日最初创立的原因是为了团结美国人民,结合选项,故选C

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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18.She had consented to go away,to leave her home.Was that wise?She tried to weigh each side of the question.In her home anyway she had shelter and food;she had those whom she had known all her life about her.Of course she had to work hard,both in the house and at the stores.
But in her new home,in a distant unknown country,it would not be like that.Then she would be married-she,Eveline.People would treat her with respect then.She would not be treated as her mother had been.Even now,though she was over nineteen,she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father's violence.She knew it was that that had given her the palpitations.When they were growing up he had never gone for her like he used to go for Harry and Ernest,because she was a girl and latterly he had begun to threaten her and say what he would do to her only for her dead mother's sake.And now she had nobody to protect her.Ernest was dead and Harry,who was in the church decorating business,was nearly always down somewhere in the country.She always gave her entire wages and Harry always sent up what he could but the trouble was to get any money from her father.
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The white of two letters in her lap grew indistinct.One was to Harry;the other was to her father.Ernest had been her favourite but she liked Harry too.Her father was becoming old lately,she noticed;he would miss her.Sometimes he could be very nice.Not long before,when she had been laid up for a day,he had read her out a ghost story and made toast for her at the fire.Another day,when their mother was alive,they had all gone for a picnic to the Hill of Howth.She remembered her father putting on her mothers bonnet to make the children laugh.
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As she mused (沉思),the pitiful vision of her mother's life laid its spell on the bottom of her heart.She stood up in a sudden impulse of terror.Escape!She must escape!Frank would save her.He would give her life,perhaps love,too.
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65.Which of the following is true of Eveline's life?A
A.She fell in love with Frank.
B.Her life was wholly undesirable.
C.She was respected by the local people.
D.She enjoyed a equal status in the family.
66.Which words can best describe the characters of Eveline's father?B
A.Stubborn,tricky and coldblooded.
B.Violent,mean,and prejudiced.
C.Shameless,cruel and unsympathetic.
D.Strict,greedy and narrow-minded.
67.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3and 4?A
A.Eveline and her father's relationship was not always bad.
B.Eveline was still mourning her mother's and brother's death.
C.Eveline and Frank's love got support from her brother Henry.
D.Eveline had made up her mind to explore another life with Frank.
68.The underlined word"air"is closest in meaning toD.
A.atmosphere       
B.breeze         
C.impression        
D.tune
69.Which of the following does NOT contribute to Eveline's stay?C
A.She at least possessed shelter and food in her home.
B.She had promised her mother to keep the home together.
C.She wondered whether Frank would bring real happiness.
D.She had those whom she had known all her life around her.
70.Her pray to God revealedA.
A.her uncertainty of her leaving        
B.her expectation of a happy life
C.her anxiety about their safety       
D.her eagerness to leave with Frank.
19.Some Life Skills Teenagers Should Learn
Healthy habits,
Teens should understand the importance of sleep,exercise and nutrition.(36)GAlso,teach healthy self-soothing(自我安抚)skills for managing disappointment.Teens don't handle disappointment well these days,which contributes to anxiety
Dealing with conflict.
Whether dealing with a thoughtless roommate or an unclear boss,teens need to learn to have uncomfortable conversations.When we handle things for our kids,they learn to avoid situations that feel difficult.
(37)F
Phone skills.
(38)DThis seems simple to you.However,this seems not so much to a generation of texters.Have teens practice by ordering the family's to-go meal by phone and making their own doctor and dentist appointments.If they get sick in college-and they will-they'll need to contact the student health clinic without you.
(39)A
Teens should know how to settle their checking account and understand budget basics.Explain how health insurance works,what a co-pay is and the nuts and bolts of credit cards.
Household chores.
Teens should not only understand two to run a washing machine,but how to fold clothes and put them away.Have your child sweep the floor,clean a bathroom,cook breakfast for the family or go to the grocery store for you.(40)E they  may complain but the more tasks teens handle,the more competent they'll feel when they move out.Competence begets confidence.

A.Money basics.
B.Developing confidence.
C.Sometimes they might lost patience.
D.Teens need practice talking on the phone.
E.Kids need to experience great skill at home.
F.So let your teen handle talking to her coach,teacher or boss.
G.Before you can do anything well,you have to have healthy habits.
16.How to Communicate With a Deaf Person
Communicating with a deaf person doesn't have to be as difficult as it might seem.The trick is to be patient,straightforward,and to remember that deaf people communicate visually.
Method 1:Starting Your Conversation
(36)AYou can do this by moving into the person's field of vision and waving from a polite distance,or by tapping the person gently on the shoulder.
Position yourself carefully.Make sure that the light in the room is shining directly onto your face,and that you're not standing with your back to a light. (37)E
Find out how the person prefers to communicate.Some deaf people are better lip-readers than others.Some deaf people may prefer to write back and forth or to use an interpreter.Man interactions between the deaf and the hearing require a combination of these methods.(38)F
Method 2:Communicating through Lip-reading.
Keep your sentences simple and use plain language. (39)GThe more complex your phrasing and vocabulary,the more likely your deaf companion is to miss something.
When someone else is speaking,don't turn away from the deaf person in your group.(40)D
You don't have to look at the deaf person while someone else is talking,but try to make sure your face is visible.

A.Get the person's attention.
B.It's important not talk too quickly.
C.Or,they'll miss parts of the conversation.
D.If so,it'll make them feel left out of the conversation.
E.Stand directly in front of the person,at a normal distance.
F.The best way to know which methods are most effective is to ask.
G.Try not to be too difficult when using your words in the beginning.
3.How do you pay for things in a shop?Perhaps you like the touchable reliability of hard cash?Maybe the financial flexibility of a credit card suits you better?Or perhaps you prefer the simple convenience of a smartphone?
Whatever you use today,experts believe all these methods could soon become outdated.Instead,we will use our bodies:our eyes,our fingerprints,even our mere presence in the store.In fact it's happening already.Amazon are trialing stores which have no checkouts,where  technology tracks the items you've taken from the shelves and deducts(扣除) the total from your  account when you leave the shop.
French supermarket Monoprix takes a different path:you choose your groceries and leave them with a human cashier.You then leave the shop while the cashier adds up your bill,charges your account,and organizes delivery to your home.
Amir,CEO of Barclaycard predicts that such new developments mean the end of the plastic credit card.Instead,wearable items such as rings,necklaces and key chains will carry chips(芯片) that allow shoppers to shop,going between the web,an app or in store.
And while all the above payment methods are supported by accounts held in traditional currencies,let's not forget the rise of alternatives such as Litecoin.Virtual(虚拟) currencies can rise in value very quickly.One such possibility is explored in the movie In Time.It imagines a futuristic society in which the currency is time itself,where people trade the amount of time they have left to live.
Or perhaps we'd do better to wind back the clock to the simpler financial world of the equal exchange economy.While the term recalls images of bags of grain and herds of sheep being exchanged in ancient times,there are signs that are making a comeback in today's world of modern technology.Maybe the only thing we know for certain is that money will keep updating.

28.Which of the following statements is TRUE?C
A.Payment is done by the cashiers at Amazon.
B.All the methods of payment have become outdated.
C.Shopping at Monoprix is convenient for customers.
D.Customers can leave their credit cards at Monoprix.
29.What might replace the credit cards in the future according to Amir?B
A.Smartphones.
B.Wearable items.
C.Virtual currencies.
D.Fingerprints.
30.What is used as a currency in the movie In Time?C
A.Litecoin.
B.Human life.
C.Time.
D.Bags of grain.
31.Which is the best title for the passage?D
A.The Rise of Virtual Currencies.
B.The History of Money.
C.The Ending if Credit Cards.
D.The Changing Nature of Money.
13.Positive thinkers admit when they feel frustrated or depressed,they don't ignore it.But they don't blame themselves either.(36)DThey counter(反击)them with more positive ones.
So how do you stay positive,maintain motivated and sustain healthy behaviors?Here are some tips:
Look for a good role model.There is always someone who seems to be doing just what you want to be doing.Maybe they've scheduled exercise into their workday and switched from coffee to green tea.(37)EAsk them how they keep healthy and follow their footsteps.
(38)ATake a minute to give yourself an ego boost(自我吹捧).Repeat some motivational words out loud to yourself.Negative talk such as"I can't do it.""I'm fat."is dangerous for your well-being and healthy goals.Try to avoid the negative self-talk before it harms you.Remind yourself that you deserve happiness and can make positive changes.
Get support.Tell your friends and family about your healthy habits.It helps to have an encouraging network.
Reward yourself.(39)CTake a nice bath,get a massage,and enjoy a new DVD or CD.
Have a plan.Making a plan to exercise or eat healthy lunches with a friend can mean the difference of sticking with your goals or falling off rack.If you've planned for an activity,you'll like stick with it.You may even find that writing down your goals and steps to achieve them can help you stay on track.Take it day by day or week by week.(40)F

A.Try some positive self-talk and avoid negative talk.
B.Stay with your parents and relatives and you can avoid frustration or depression.
C.Treat yourself to something for your healthy efforts.
D.They try to understand the negative thoughts and feelings,instead.
E.Learn from a successful friend,family member or colleague.
F.The process of writing down your personal action plan is a good way to watch your progress or failures.
G.Believe in yourself and do as others do.
5.When American soldiers return home from war with disabilities,they often suffer twice-first from their combat injuries,next from the humiliation (羞辱)of government dependency.
Wounded veterans (老兵)learn they have two basic choices:They can receive almost $3,000 a month in disability benefits along with medical care and access to other various welfare programs,or they can try to find a job.Especially in this economy,it's no wonder that many find that first option hard to turn down.
Mark Duggan,an economics professor at Stanford University,reports that enrollment in U.S.veterans'disability programs rose from 2.3 million in 2001 to 3.9 million in 2014.The percentage of veterans receiving benefits doubled,from 8.9% in 2001 to 18% in 2014.Disability services for veterans now consume $59 billion.
In the 1980s and 1990s,male veterans were more likely to be in the labor force than nonveterans.But since 2000,that has changed dramatically.Now there is a 4% gap between veteran and nonveteran labor participation,with veteran participation lower.
Navy SEAL Eric Greitens,founder of The Mission Continues,explains how soldiers who served their country are transformed into welfare receivers who live off their country.
"When veterans come home from war they are going through a tremendous change in identity,"he says."Then the United States Department of Veterans Affairs,and others,encourage them to view themselves as disabled."By the time they come to Greitens'non-profit organization,"We meet a number of veterans who see themselves as charity cases and are not sure anymore what they have to contribute."
There are also more practical factors driving the disability boom.One is the expansion of qualification criteria.In 2000,for instance,type 2 diabetes was added as a disability because of evidence linking exposure to Agent Orange with the onset of the disease.Heart disease has also been added to the list.
Another possible factor is that younger veterans seem less against welfare than their parents'generation.Veterans who have served since the 1990s are much more likely to sign up for disability than their older counterparts; 1 in 4 younger veterans is on disability versus just 1 in 7 of those over age 54.
We shouldn't go back to the bad old days when veterans were afraid to admit weakness.But Lt.Col.Daniel Gade is one of many veterans who think our disability system is harmful,psychologically,to former soldiers.Gade lost his leg in combat in 2005 and now teaches at West Point.He recently gave a talk to disabled veterans at Ft.Carson,in which he urged them to rejoin the workforce.
"People who stay home because they are getting paid enough to get by on disability are worse off,"he warned."They are more likely to abuse drugs and alcohol.They are more likely to live alone."
What a waste of human potential,especially since most veterans on disability still have their prime working years ahead of them when they're discharged (遣退).
We could solve this problem by changing the way we view-and label-veterans with disabilities.As Gade noted in a recent article,"Veterans should be viewed as resources,not as damaged goods."He recommended that"efforts to help veterans should begin by recognizing their abilities rather than focusing only on their disabilities,and should serve the ultimate aim of moving wounded soldiers to real self-sufficiency."
On a more practical note,the United States Department of Veterans Affairs could reallocate resources to spend more on job training and less on disability.Current placement programs are sadly inadequate.
We are good at sending soldiers off to war.Yet when these young men and women return home,they are essentially told,"We'll give you enough for a reasonably comfortable life,but we won't help you find a job."
It is unreasonable that we are condemning thousands of young veterans who served their country to life on the dole (救济金) rather than enabling them to reenter the workforce with the necessary accommodations.

35.What do more and more disabled veterans appear to do nowadays?A
A.Depend on the government for a living.
B.Be treated badly in most workplaces.
C.Ask the government for more dole.
D.Spend more time on job hunting.
36.How does Mark Duggan prove his opinion in the passage?A
A.By listing figures.
B.By giving examples.
C.By performing experiments.
D.By analyzing cause and effect.
37.What did veterans use to do in the 1980s and 1990s?B
A.Refuse to find jobs.
B.Be a main labor resource.
C.Have much trouble finding jobs.
D.Receive many disability benefits.
38.One of the reasons why there are more disabled veterans is thatC.
A.damage from the war is greater than ever
B.veterans have suffered much more than ever
C.the scale of disabilities has been broadened
D.older veterans aren't afraid to admit their disability
39.In Gade's opinion,the veterans who receive welfare from the government tend toB.
A.save more trouble for the government
B.lead a miserable and unhappy life
C.increasingly depend on the government
D.suffer the humiliation of their combat injuries
40.What is the author's attitude toward current placement programs?D
A.Reasonable.B.Positive.C.Neutral.D.Critical.
14.Children whose minds wander might have sharper brains,a research suggests.
A study has found that people who appear to be often distracted (走神) have more"working memory",giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly.
Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for a variety of tasks,such as following teachers'instructions or remembering dictated (听写的) sentences.During the study,volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering.At the end,volunteers measured their working memory capacity (容量) by their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions.
Daniel Levinson,a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States,said that those with higher working memory capacity reported"more mind wandering during these simple tasks",but their performance did not suffer.
The results,published online in the journal Psychological Science,appear to confirm former research that found working memory allows humans to deal with multiple thoughts at the same time.
Dr Jonathan Smallwood,of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science in Leipzig,Germany,said,"What this study seems to suggest is that,when surroundings for the task aren't very difficult,people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they're doing."
Working memory capacity is also associated with general measures of intelligence,such as reading comprehension and IQ scores.Dr Smallwood added:"Our results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life-when they are on the bus,when they are cycling to work,when they are in the shower-are probably supported by working memory."

28.During the study,the researchers asked the volunteers toD.
A.solve some difficult math's problems
B.retell some dictated sentences
C.follow the teacher's instructions
D.carry out one simple task
29.The underlined word"suffer"in the fourth paragraph probably meansA.
A.become worse    B.settle down   C.experience pain  D.run out
30.According to the study,working memoryC.
A.prevents people from remembering dictated sentences
B.causes people's minds to wander more easily
C.allows people to consider more things at the same time
D.leads to people's worse performance during work
31.What's the text mainly about?B
A.How the working memory works in the daily life.
B.Wandering minds might have brighter brains.
C.Why people's minds wander while working.
D.Working ability can be improved by wandering minds.

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