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书面表达

假如你是李明,上周你班同学就“毕业前我们该为学校做些什么?”进行了讨论。请你根据以下内容要点,将同学们的建议用英语写一封信告诉你的笔友David, 并谈谈你的想法及理由。

1.为图书馆捐书; 2.美化校园; 3.刻苦学习。

注意:

1.词数120左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

3.开头已为你写好,不计入总词数。

Dear David,

Last week we held an enthusiastic discussion on what we should do for our school before we graduate.

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When it comes to film, people usually favor good over evil, focus on the main characters and ignore the supporting characters. But when it comes to the Minions (小黄人), these conventions go right out of the window.

Originally comedic background characters in the Despicable Me series, these yellow pill-shaped screwballs(怪人) have totally stolen the show.

This summer the characters appeared in their own self-titled movie in theaters abroad, having the second biggest opening weekend of all time for an animated film, according to USA Today. Recently, McDonald’s has been including Minion toys with kids’ meals in some regions, causing loyal fans to go to the restaurant to collect them all. Related video games, clothing, toys and other merchandise are sweeping the world.

The movie’s huge popularity even surprised its writers. “We never knew the Minions were going to be so popular. It just became a force of nature,” the film’s co-writer, Cinco Paul, told the Los Angeles Times.

So, what makes the banana-loving Minions a big hit? For many, the most attractive is obviously their cuteness. Their simple, graphic (图形的) nature can easily transcend cultures and age groups. “Even children can draw them”, Los Angeles Times reporter, Rebecca Keegan, wrote.

But there’s more than just cuteness. US entertainment website, HitFix, explains that their way of communicating makes the creatures infectious (有感染力的) as well. They largely speak in nonsense words. But it seems everyone can understand them through their exaggerated movements and expressions.

They desire nothing more than to serve their most despicable master, Felonious Gru. And this evil characteristic strikes a chord (引起共鸣) with humans.

“Perhaps we love Minions because they remind us of ourselves,” Huffington Post associate Web editor, Sara Boboltz, wrote.

1.What can be inferred from the first paragraph?

A. People usually like the supporting players instead of the main characters.

B. People like the Minions who are the supporting players in the movie.

C. The Minions are the main characters in the film, Despicable Me.

D. People prefer the main characters to the Minions in Despicable Me.

2.What has McDonald’s done to attract customers?

A. It has made its food look like Minions.

B. It has made Minion video games to show to customers.

C. It is giving some Minion clothes to customers as gifts.

D. It is offering Minion toys to attract fans.

3.Which of the following is NOT the reason why the Minions are so popular?

A. Their cuteness.

B. Their exaggerated movements and expressions.

C. Their way of communicating.

D. Their bad behavior.

4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. HitFix explains that Minions gained popularity by striking a chord with humans.

B. While Minions can’t be understood sometimes, their way of communicating is infectious.

C. Minions are eager to take on whatever task their despicable master gives them.

D. The opening weekend of Minions was the second biggest of all time.

Some people are like homing pigeons: Drop them off anywhere, and they’ll find their way around. Other people, though, can’t tell when they’re holding a map upside down. Are the directionally challenged just bad learners?

Not all of your navigational (导航的)skills are learned. Research shows that your sense of direction is innate. An innate ability is something you are born with. Your brain has special navigational neurons—head-direction cells, place cells, and grid cells (网格细胞)—and they help program your inside compass when you’re just a baby.

In 2010, scientists carried out an experiment to study baby rats’ neural activity in their brains. Although the rats were newborns, the researchers discovered that their head-direction cells (which help them recognize the direction they’re facing) were fully grown and developed. The rats, it seemed, were born with a sense of direction. And they hadn’t even opened their eyes yet!

Humans, of course, are not rats. But the hippocampus—the brain area we use for navigation—is similar in most mammals. If the rat’s compass develops this way, then it’s likely that a human’s compass does, too.

If we’re born with a sense of direction, then why are some people so good at getting lost? The scientists found that the two other cells—place and grid cells—developed within the first month. Place cells are thought to help us form a map in our mind, while grid cells help us navigate new and unfamiliar places. The two cells work together, and that’s where the trouble might be.

People who took part in a 2013 study played a video game that required them to travel quickly between different places. Monitoring their brains, the scientists found that grid cells helped the gamers recognize where they were—even without landmarks. According to researcher Michael Kahana, differences in how grid cells work may help explain why some people have a better sense of direction than others.

1.What did the 2010 research find?

A. Rats have a natural ability to recognize directions.

B. Rats’ hippocampus is different from that of humans.

C. Rats usually find their way without opening their eyes.

D. Baby rats have as many head-direction cells as grown-ups.

2.What do we know about our navigational neurons?

A. Place cells let us know how to read a map.

B. Grid cells help us reach the place we are going to.

C. They help us use a compass when we lose our way.

D. Place and grid cells grow later than head-direction cells.

3.Why are some people so good at getting lost?

A. They can’t remember landmarks.

B. Their grid cells can’t work very well.

C. They are unfamiliar with new places.

D. Their ability to follow directions is poor.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. Human navigational skills.

B. The compass in rats’ body.

C. Why grid cells are useful.

D. How homing pigeons work.

We’ve all heard the quote, ‘Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle.’

My husband and son died within two years of each other. From my personal experience, I believe that if we aren't careful, grief can become a rather self-involved process in which we can become so focused on our own suffering that we miss the opportunity to connect with, and possibly bring comfort to, someone else who may be going through a similar experience.

Six months after my husband died, I was sinking in the quicksand of grief. I could not pull myself out of the misery. In that moment, I actually believed that my life was more difficult than anyone else around me. Life handed me a perfectly wrapped lesson that opened my eyes to the fact that through my suffering I had allowed myself to become blinded by my self-pity.

The lesson presented itself in a health crisis. I had complications (并发症) from a surgical procedure and ended up being hospitalized for four days. I was in an extreme amount of pain during this time. Between the physical pain and the emotional pain of grief, I was an absolute mess.

I should also tell you that I am a Registered Nurse. As a nurse, it is hard to be on the receiving end of medicine as the patient. The first three nights that I was in the hospital, the same nurse took care of me. She was young, maybe in her mid to late 20s, and she hardly interacted with me at all the first two nights, other than to give my medications as scheduled. She obviously had no idea how much emotional pain I was in. How hard is it to ask your patient how she's feeling? I wrote her off as a bad nurse who had little sympathy, and remained absorbed in my own emotional and physical pain. The third night the young nurse was a little more talkative. She asked me how I was feeling (finally!). I told her that I was struggling with depression and grief because my husband had died in an airplane accident. She looked at me and told me that her husband had died too, just two months earlier. I was stunned. Speechless. Shocked.

Never, in any of the possibilities that my mind entertained of why this nurse was so unfriendly to me, did I even consider that she might be in the same pain I was. Not only was she grieving as I was, but she was having to take care of me, instead of caring for herself and her family.

We went on to talk and share our stories about our late husbands and children. I like to think that we helped each other a bit that night. We had much more in common than I would have believed. We were both widowed single moms with young children, and nurses. But, that was where the similarities ended. Her husband had no insurance policy. She had very little family support. She was working paycheck to paycheck to support her boys. I was humbled. I realized how much I had to be grateful for. And, frankly, I never saw life the same way after this experience.

This experience was a life-changing event for me. I had always prided myself on being a sympathetic person, but I realize now that I had not really understood what being sympathetic meant. To truly be sympathetic, you must be able to see beyond your own pain to be witness to the pain. I never looked at another person in the same way after this experience. I thank death for very few things. The gift of sympathy for my fellow man, and understanding that we all suffer in ways that aren't always visible, are presents from death that I will always be grateful for.

Always take the time to be kind even when you’re suffering with your own pain. And don't assume that someone else has it easier than you. You never know the battles someone else is fighting.

1.What can we conclude from the author’s personal experience in para2?

A. We can always comfort people who experienced the similar suffering.

B. We become more concentrated on ourselves once hurt.

C. We never get through what we suffered any more.

D. People self-centered won’t have the chance to be hurt.

2.What can be learned from the underlined sentence in para3?

A. Self-pity always brings about selflessness.

B. Selflessness often brings out blindness.

C. Self-pity always results in selfishness.

D. Selfishness can prevent self-pity.

3.Why did the author regard the nurse as a bad one at first?

A. The nurse treated her abruptly.

B. The nurse didn’t offer medications on time.

C. The nurse seldom communicated with her.

D. The nurse was irresponsible.

4.Which one is closest to the meaning of the word humbled?

A. ashamed B. beaten

C. defeated D. depressed

5.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

A. Every bean has its black.

B. Let bygones be bygones.

C. Misfortunes never come singly.

D. Stand in others’ shoes.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

When you’re a parent to a young child, you spend a lot of time talking about feelings: about having to share, about being disappointed because you may not have a cookie instead of broccoli(绿花椰菜), about the great injustice of a parent pressing the elevator button before the child has a chance to.

And in a parenting culture that’s increasingly concerned with centering children’s needs above all else, mothers and fathers have become skillful at talking about their kids’ feelings while masking their own. But new research suggests that parents who hide their negative emotions are doing their children, and themselves harm.

A study published this month says that when parents put on a faux-happy (假开心)face for their kids, they do damage to their own sense of wellbeing and authenticity.

“For the average parent the findings suggest when they attempt to hide their negative emotion expression and over express their positive emotions with their children, it actually comes at a cost: doing so may lead parents to feel worse themselves,” researcher Dr Emily Impett, says.

It makes sense that parents often fall back on amping up (扩大) the positivity for the sake of their children—there are a lot of things in the world we want to protect our kids from. But children are often smarter than we expect and are quite in tune with what the people closest to them—their parents—are feeling.

There was a time about a year or so ago, for example, when I received some bad news over the phone; I was home with my four-year-old and so I did my best to put on a brave face. She knew immediately something was wrong though, and was confused.

When I finally let a few tears out and explained that Mom heard something sad about a friend, she was, of course, just fine. My daughter patted my shoulder, gave me a hug, and went back to playing. She felt better that she was able to help me, and the moment made a lot more sense to her emotionally than a smiling mom holding back sobs. I was glad that I could feel sad momentarily and not have to work hard to hide that.

Relaying positive feelings to your children when you don’t feel them is a move the researchers called high cost—that it may seem like the most beneficial to your child at the time but that parents should find other ways of communicating emotions that “allow them to feel true to themselves”.

But this is also about children seeing the world in a more honest way. While we will want to protect our children from things that aren’t age-appropriate or harmful, it’s better to raise a generation of kids who understand that moms and dads are people too.

1. What is the typical behavior of parents when they bring up their children?

A. Allowing their children chances to do things themselves.

B. Expressing their dissatisfaction with their children.

C. Hiding their true emotions from their children.

D. Sharing their favorite food with their children.

2.If parents put on a faux-happy face, _______.

A. their children will be protected

B. their children will be taken in

C. they will feel happy as a result

D. they will undergo worse feelings

3. The author mentioned the example of her daughter to illustrate ______.

A. children are not so clever as parents think

B. children can often understand parents’ true feelings

C. it’s meaningful for parents to always look positive

D. it’s necessary to expose children to harmful things

4.We can conclude from the passage that _______.

A. protecting children from age-inappropriate things is important

B. it makes sense for children to know their parents’ negative feelings

C. children will admire their parents more because of being protected

D. separation from negative feelings helps children see the world honestly

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