After moving to the United States, immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American.a new study finds．That's one reason why immigrants a 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

After moving to the United States, immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study finds．That's one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America．

The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing un-American influenced respondents' food choices．After being questioned about their ability to speak English，75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite. Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did the same.

When their American identity was called into question during a follow-up study, Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwiches．In that experiment, 55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant. Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study. Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat（饱和脂肪）.

"People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，"said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at the University of Washington." If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health." Cheryan added．

Social pressures，the study concluded, are at the heart of the problem．"In American society today, being American is associated with being white．Americans，who don't fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that they're American," said Cheryan．

1.The author wants to show that __________.

A. more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks

B. immigrants tend to eat American junk food to fit in

C. most Americans are at the risk of heart disease

D. all the American people have a bad eating habit

2.According to the survey, __________.

A. Asian-Americans care less about their health

B. 25 percent of Americans like junk food

C. choosing food is related to Asian-Americans' situation

D. immigrants are forced to eat junk food

3.The underlined word "fare" in Paragraph 4 most probably means" __________".

A. food offered as a meal B. a person taking a taxi

C. money spent on food D. an arranged thing to do

4.According to Sauna Cheryan, __________.

A. what immigrants have done is ridiculous

B. American traditional foods are healthier

C. immigrants risk their health in order to fit in

D. American culture affects immigrants deeply

5.Which of the following should take the blame for the bad eating habit?

A. The situation of employment. B. The traditional culture.

C. The American government. D. The pressures from society.

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.C

5.D

【解析】略

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Doris Lessing was born in 1919 in Persia, moving as a child with her family to southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, where she stayed in school only to the age of 14.

A year after moving to London, she published her first novel in 1950. The Grass is Singing examines unbridgeable racial conflict in colonial Africa through the eyes of a white farmer's wife and her black servant.

Her literary breakthrough came in 1962 with publication of The Golden Notebook, seen by many, though not necessarily Lessing, as a pioneering work of modern feminism（女权运动）. A disjointed study of the mind of the main character, Anna Wulf, the novel explores her thoughts about Africa, politics, relationships with men and sex, and Jungian analysis and dream interpretation.

Lessing's themes changed to psychology in her works from the 1960s, and by the 1970s she was interested in the Islamic mystic tradition of Sufism（苏菲教派）. Her turn toward science fiction with the Canopus series in the early 1980s was not warmly received by traditional critics, but she has continued to be popular with new readers and numerous literary awards, including the David Cohen British Literary Prize and the Companion of Honour from the Royal Society of Literature, both in 2001.

Following the announcement, the Horace Engdahl told VOA why he was personally so pleased with Lessing's selection.

“She is one of the truly great writers -- of novels, short stories, fiction and non-fiction,” Engdahl said. “She is one of the few writers who have had the courage to uphold the principle of equality between the male and female experience, and she has given the impulse to numbers of other women writers. And she is really the mother of a school that is one of the most important in our contemporary literature.”

At 87, Doris Lessing is the oldest Nobel Literature winner since the first prizes were awarded in 1901.

What would be the best title of the passage?

A. Doris Lessing’s Great Writings.

B. Doris Lessing’s Concern about Africa.

C. A Great Writer of Novel and a Pioneer of Modern Feminism.

D. A Nobel Prize Winner for Literature.

It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. there are only two characters in The Grass is Singing

B. The Golden Notebook is regarded as Lessing’s masterpiece by herself

C. life in Africa in her early age lays solid foundation for her writing

D. Doris Lessing is strongly against traditional culture in Africa

According to the fourth paragraph, _______.

A. Lessing began to believe in Christ in the 1970s

B. Lessing’s science fiction won readers

C. Lessing had won two literary medals for her writings

D. Lessing changed her themes to meet the needs of traditional critics

The underlined word “impulse” in the 6th passage is closest in meaning to _______.

A. pressure B. inspiration C. energy D. desire

More than three years after moving from Australia to this remote part of England, we are still learning how things are done here.
Not too long after we arrived and unpacked, we were invited for “a drink on Sunday morning” by a retired couple nearby. We got there about noon, to find the living-room crowded — lots of chat and discussions, and in all a very jolly occasion.
Trouble was, there was no food — no self-respecting Australian would regard a tray of crisps as food. In Sydney, when you are invited for a drink any time after midday on a Sunday, you know you will be fed as well as watered and you plan accordingly. Meaning the hardworked little woman makes no plans to cook lunch because you are eating out.
By one-fifteen my stomach was sending up “please explain” to me. Even the crisps had gone. There was nothing we could do except wait, and wonder if the hostess was going to perform some magic and feed us fashionably late. Then, as quickly as if word had spread that there was free beer at the local pub, the room emptied. By one-forty-five there were only a few guests left, so we decided to go home. Tinned soup for lunch that day because the little woman was not really interested in real cooking for us.
A few weeks ago we were invited out for “supper” and the hostess suggested 8:15. Ah, we thought greedily, “this is going to be the real thing.”
We dressed with some care — I putting on a dark suit — and arrived on time. My wife looked pretty good, I thought — a little black dress and so on. But when we walked in I had a terrible feeling we had got the night wrong because the hostess was dressed in a daytime kind of way and the husband was in jeans and an open-neck shirt. But no, we were greeted and shown into the sitting-room.
After a drink I looked around and saw that this was indeed a superior cottage because it had a (more or less) separate dining-room. But there were no signs of a table-setting. Not again! I thought. Were we meant to eat before we came? I decided that in future my wife and I would always carry a chocolate bar. About 9:28 our hostess went out of the room, saying something about food. Ten minutes later she returned and asked us to follow. We were led out to the kitchen. There on the table were country style plates and a huge bowl of soup, rough bread and all the makings of a simple meal. And that is what it was. In other words we had not read the signals right when we were invited for “supper”. If they want you to come to dinner, they say so, and you know that means dark suits and so on. If they mean supper, they say it, and you get fed in the kitchen.
1．When the author and his wife were invited out for “a drink on Sunday morning”, they thought _________.
A. they would be the only people there
B. they would be given lunch as well
C. they would be taken to a restaurant for lunch
D. they would be asked to take some food with them
2．The “party” had been going on for about an hour and three quarters when _________.
A. the hostess decided to feed her guests
B. everyone had tinned soup for lunch
C. most of the guests went to lunch at the pub
D. the author realized he would go home hungry
3．When invited out for “supper” a few weeks later, the writer _________.
A. expected to be served a proper dinner
B. arrived on the wrong evening
C. interpreted the invitation correctly this time
D. realized there was no dining-room in the cottage
4．As the evening wore on, the writer became aware that _________.
A. no one used their dining-rooms in the countryside
B. he should have had a meal before going out
C. “supper” meant a simple, informal meal
D. he should, in future, eat only chocolate in the evening

Doris Lessing was born in 1919 in Persia, moving as a child with her family to southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, where she stayed in school only to the age of 14.
A year after moving to London, she published her first novel in 1950. The Grass is Singing examines unbridgeable racial conflict in colonial Africa through the eyes of a white farmer's wife and her black servant.
Her literary breakthrough came in 1962 with publication of The Golden Notebook, seen by many, though not necessarily Lessing, as a pioneering work of modern feminism（女权运动）. A disjointed study of the mind of the main character, Anna Wulf, the novel explores her thoughts about Africa, politics, relationships with men and sex, and Jungian analysis and dream interpretation.
Lessing's themes changed to psychology in her works from the 1960s, and by the 1970s she was interested in the Islamic mystic tradition of Sufism（苏菲教派）. Her turn toward science fiction with the Canopus series in the early 1980s was not warmly received by traditional critics, but she has continued to be popular with new readers and numerous literary awards, including the David Cohen British Literary Prize and the Companion of Honour from the Royal Society of Literature, both in 2001.
Following the announcement, the Horace Engdahl told VOA why he was personally so pleased with Lessing's selection.
“She is one of the truly great writers -- of novels, short stories, fiction and non-fiction,” Engdahl said. “She is one of the few writers who have had the courage to uphold the principle of equality between the male and female experience, and she has given the impulse to numbers of other women writers. And she is really the mother of a school that is one of the most important in our contemporary literature.”
At 87, Doris Lessing is the oldest Nobel Literature winner since the first prizes were awarded in 1901.
【小题1】 What would be the best title of the passage?

A．Doris Lessing’s Great Writings.

B．Doris Lessing’s Concern about Africa.

C．A Great Writer of Novel and a Pioneer of Modern Feminism.

D．A Nobel Prize Winner for Literature.

【小题2】It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A．there are only two characters in The Grass is Singing

B．The Golden Notebook is regarded as Lessing’s masterpiece by herself

C．life in Africa in her early age lays solid foundation for her writing

D．Doris Lessing is strongly against traditional culture in Africa

【小题3】According to the fourth paragraph, _______.

A．Lessing began to believe in Christ in the 1970s

B．Lessing’s science fiction won readers

C．Lessing had won two literary medals for her writings

D．Lessing changed her themes to meet the needs of traditional critics

【小题4】The underlined word “impulse” in the 6th passage is closest in meaning to _______.

First lady Michelle Obama turns 50 on Friday, Jan. 17, 2014.

Michelle Obama has spent the first half-century of her life breaking barriers and checking off a series of firsts. Now, as she reaches her milestone birthday Friday, the nation will be watching to see in what other areas she will leave her mark.

Five years after moving into the White House, and without a re-election campaign to worry about, she has more room to relax in her role and, political watchers say, possibly become more vocal (声音的) on political issues in the three years left in office.

So far, critics have complained about Michelle’s silence on issues where they expected to hear her voice: Last year, at the start of her husband's second term, she disappointed advocates for tighter gun-control measures after she failed to push harder on the issue in response to the massacre (残杀) at Sandy Hook Elementary School in Newtown, Conn. She also disappointed some feminists (女权主义者) who wanted her to defend their causes instead of falling back on her self-described role as the nation’s “mom-in-chief.” Nor did she handle racial issues during her second term, as some had expected.

“The most important thing to remember is, whether you are black, white or Hispanic, you’re the first lady and the president of all the people in the United States. That’s a huge melting pot, so to reinforce (强化)that she's African American over anything else would not be wise,” said Anita McBride, who directs programming and national conferences on the legacies (遗产) of America’s first ladies and their historical influence at American University.

Valerie Jarrett, a top White House adviser and a close friend of the Obamas, said the first lady doesn't want to “spread herself too thin.”

“She really wants to have a maximum impact and to do that in fewer areas,” Jarrett told the Associated Press. “That, she said, “is better than trying to take on every single possible cause.”

But Robert Watson, a Lynn University professor, said he expects Obama to “go a little harder at issues” over the next several years. “Second-term first ladies usually feel more at ease to speak more forcefully about issues close to their heart,” he said.

Myra Gutin, a Ryder University communications professor and frequent lecturer on first ladies, said she expects Obama to continue making both of them a priority in her remaining years in the White House, given their success. Michelle launched the “Let’s Move” campaign in 2010. It in particular has gained widespread support, ranging from the National Football League to the Sesame Street franchise (特许), which even gave permission to the produce industry to use its licensed characters for free on fruits and vegetables.

“There’s no such thing as a traditional first lady, not anymore in this technology-filled world. Is Mrs. Obama cutting edge? Is she an activist? No. As first ladies go, I think she’s been politically careful because she does not want there to be a major flare-up that would require her husband to use his political capital to clean up,” she said. “But she’s not exactly just sitting in the White House pouring tea and having receptions, either.”

1.Critics were disappointed with Michelle because _______.

A. she didn’t put gun-control measures into effect

B. she failed some feminists to stand out to be a career woman

C. she didn’t solve some racial problems

D. she failed to voice her opinion on some issues

2.According to the professors or advisers, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. It’s not wise to reinforce Michelle is African American over anything else.

B. It’s better for Michelle to have a maximum impact than to take on every possible cause.

C. It's expected for Michelle to go a little harder at issues.

D. It’s a tradition for first ladies to stay out of political issues.

3.What does the underlined phrase “spread herself too thin” in Paragraph 6 mean?

A. Try to do a lot of work at the same time.

B. Get very tired.

C. Try to improve physical fitness.

D. Move herself away from others.

4.In Paragraph 9, the campaign “Let’s Move” might be aiming to help people _______..

a. gain widespread support

b. become more physically active

c. have access to healthier foods

d. raise awareness about gun control

A. a, c B. a, b C. b, c D. c, d

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