题目内容
She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role ________ in making the earth a better place to live in.
A. to have played B. to play
C. to be played D. to be playing
B
考查不定式作定语。该不定式作定语修饰a role，不定式中的动词与所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，与主句的主语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，所以该不定式应用主动形式表示被动的含义。play a role of “在……中起作用”。
The heaviest snow in a hundred years hit the south of China. It snowed __36___for half a month. Many people were __37___in railway stations, bus stations and airports. People did everything they could to fight the __38___; nobody was killed from cold and _39____. Gradually ,the trapped people all went back home_40___. While fighting the snow, people ___41__their animal friends until a moving story of a swallow(燕子) couple appeared on the Internet.
The couple hadn’t eaten anything for several days __42___the snow. They tried to fly into people’s home to warm themselves, but every house was ___43___tightly(紧紧地). They got to a side of a balcony ( 阳台 ) where wind couldn’t reach. They jumped and flapped (拍打) their wings(翅膀) to _44___the attention of the people inside the house, who were __45____their own things. The wife’s body was __46___. She couldn’t move any longer. The husband came near and __47__her with his wings. The husband lost his heat soon because of his opened wings.
The next morning, the housemaster went to the balcony to __48__ his flowers and saw a dead swallow outside. __49__ it, he found they were two embracing（拥抱） together. Thinking of the __50___the snow had brought to people, he was moved to tears . He took them in for giving them some _51___they couldn’t feel any longer. He found a small box, __52__it with some hay （干草）and lay the couple in . He _53__them in the garden of the community(社区).
In my hometown in the countryside, a swallow family live in the roof of my house . They __54__every spring to have babies. Then in autumn, when babies have __55___, they fly to the south, I wonder if they will come back this spring as they did.
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Mothers can still offer comfort, even from a distance, a new study has found. The results show that simply hearing their mothers’ voice over the phone works just as well at calming the nerves of stressed children as a real-life pat on the shoulder.
The soothing（抚慰的）effect is most likely due to the release of the hormone（荷尔蒙）, oxytocin（催生素）, in the brain, the researchers say. This “love hormone” is known to quell stress and is likely to be involved in social connections, including those between a mother and a child.
Previous work has revealed that this hormone is released during physical contact with a mother. “But it’s clear from these results that a mother’s voice can have the same effect as a hug, even if she isn’t actually standing there,” said the researcher, Leslie Seltzer, a biological scientist.
Seltzer tested a group of 61 girls, aged 7 to 12, by having them make an unprepared speech and solve a series of maths problems in front of a group of strangers, sending their hearts racing and levels of cortisol—a hormone associated with stress—soaring.
Facing a challenge like that raises stress levels of a lot of people. Once stressed, a third of the girls were comforted in person by their mothers with hugs. A third of the girls watched an emotionally neutral 75-minute video. The rest were handed a telephone with their mothers on the line.
For the girls who interacted in person or over the phone with their mothers, the levels of the “love hormone” rose significantly, and the stress-marking hormone was washed away. This effect didn’t show up for participants who watched the video.
Seltzer is now testing the amount of oxytocin released with other communication methods—like text messaging—and hopes to see the research spread out from human subjects. “It’s not just us, of course. Lots of very social species have voices,” she said. “on the one hand, we are curious to see if this effect is unique to humans. On the other, we’re hoping researchers who study vocal communication will consider looking at oxytocin release in other animals and apply it to broader questions of social behavior and evolutionary biology.
1.Mothers’ voice over the phone can reduce children’s nerves according to the study, because .
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A．children can imagine their mothers’ hugs on the line |
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B．children enjoy their mothers’ voice and forget their worries |
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C．mothers are good at comforting their children, even on the phone |
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D．mothers’ voice can promote the release of the love hormone |
2.The underlined word “quell” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.
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A．cause or bring |
B．delay or direct |
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C．stop or reduce |
D．develop or train |
3. From the study, we know that .
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A．the level of cortisol determines how stressed a person is |
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B．the 61 girls were divided into two groups in the research |
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C．the recent study had the same results as the previous one |
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D．watching a video is the best way to reduce one’s stress |
4.From the last paragraph, we can conclude that .
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A．text messaging has the same effect on oxytocin release as telephoning |
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B．the effect of a mother's voice on oxytocin in animals is still not known |
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C．the effect of communication on stress is unique to humans |
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D．the research has been applied to social behavior and evolutionary biology |