题目内容

18．They contain a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail．
They contain a harmful chemicalcausing my liver to fail．

分析 他们含有一种有害的化学成分，导致我肝功能衰竭．

解答 答案：causing 考查句型转换．原句中chemical后接有定语从句that caused my liver to fail，同义句中chemical后接有现在分词短语causing my liver to fail作后置定语，即将定语从句转化成了分词短语．

点评 同义句型转换，是把意思相同或相近的句子用不同的词汇、短语及句型表示出来．同义句的相互转换除了考查主动句与被动句，复合句与简单句之间的转换，直接引语变间接引语外，还有一些词或短语的替换，仅仅通过替换几个词或短语，而使句子意思不变，就能达到异曲同工之妙．"句型转换"题是用来考查学生对句子结构变化所掌握的程度．

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