题目内容

  A new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent,increasing the brainpower they had at birth.

  Until now,it has been widely assumed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant previous experience—what psychologists call fluid intelligence—is innate and cannot be taught(though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing).

  But in the new study,researchers describe a method for improving this skill,along with experiments to prove it works.

  The key, researchers found, was carefully structured training in working memory—the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it. This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence,so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence.

  First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests. Then they trained each in a complicated memory task—the child’s card game,in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard. During the course, they needed to ignore irrelevant items,monitor ongoing performance,manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time.

  The four groups experienced a half-hour of training daily for 8,12,17 and 19 days,respectively. To make sure they were not just improving their test-taking skills,the researchers compared them with control groups that took the tests without the training.

  The results, published Monday in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,were striking. Improvement in the trained groups was a lot greater. Moreover,the longer they trained, the higher their scores were. All performers,from the weakest to the strongest,showed significant improvement.

  “Our results show you can increase your intelligence with proper training.”said Dr Jaeggi, a co-author of the paper.“No one knows how long the gains will last after training stops,”he added,“and the experiment’s design did not allow the researchers to determine whether more training would continue to produce further gains.”

67.The researchers thought the key to improving the intelligence was ______________.

A.memorizing telephone numbers

B.improving working memory

C.training in concentration

D.recalling a card

68.The following aspects of the training help increase intelligence EXCEPT___________.

A.ignoring irrelevant items

B.monitoring ongoing performance

C.managing two tasks at the same time

D.using previous experience

69.When the experiment was conducted,the researchers______________.

A.trained the four groups for the same period of time

B.only made comparisons between the four groups

C.compared the four groups with control groups

D.trained the four groups together

70.By writing the article,the writer intends to ______________.

A.inform the readers of a new study

B.call on people to be trained to increase intelligence

C.prove one’s born brainpower can be improved

D.tell people the improved intelligence will last forever

 

【答案】

 B

 D

 C

 A

【解析】         

 

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  My first reaction was annoyance. It was Friday afternoon, and I was within an hour of finishing my work for the week. As I was leaving, a nurse brought me one more patient message. The statement read: “Mrs. Jones called to say that she has had blurred vision(视觉模糊)ever since her medical test this morning.”I smiled. Suddenly our tests were causing eye problems.

  This week my patients had questioned everything. My patient with high blood pressure had stopped coming to her treatment on the advice of an Internet chat room. A woman who bad a mental problem was substituting(用……代替)St. John's word for her medication. Now Mrs. Jones was imagining problems. I rolled my eyes.

  My second reaction was worry. As I looked through her record, I tried to figure out why she would have blurred vision, but nothing in her record explained the new problem. She's probably just anxious, I thought. Still, she wouldn't have called if she had been all right. I picked up the phone.

  What I next felt can only be described as delight. Before I made the call, the nurse ran in: Mrs. Jones called. Her vision is fine. Turns out she picked up the wrong glasses when she left the office. The X-ray technician has been having the same problem. I let out a laugh. Mrs. Jones had been right. Her vision had been blurred. Now we know why.

  Finally I felt shame. I came to realize what Mrs. Jones had taught me. I had first know she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. Instead, my medical training had clouded mine. Now I feel thankful that Mrs. Jones figured it out before I made a mistake about our relationship. Patients come to for my help. They pay me to listen, diagnose(诊断), treat and talk. That suggests trust; I must remember that, and trust them too.

(1) The writer smiled while reading the patient message because he knew

[  ]

A.Mrs. Jones would ask for more tests

B.the patient was being unreasonable

C.the nurse was joking with him

D.Mrs. Jones would call him

(2) What has caused Mrs. Jones' eyes problem?

[  ]

A.Wrong glasses.

B.Medical checkup.

C.Her own imagination.

D.Chatting on the Internet.

(3) The underlined words“clouded her judgment”in the last paragraph probably mean

[  ]

A.made her less trustful toward the doctor

B.put her in control of her own feelings

C.made her less able to think clearly

D.put her in a dangerous situation

阅读理解

  LONDON(Reuters)-Achieving three A grades at A-level will no longer be enough to ensure a place at a top university, academics warned on Wednesday.

  From September sixth-formers will begin studying A-level exams which will include a higher grade of A for those getting marks of 90 percent or above in their papers.

  Those applying for Oxford or Cambridge will need new top grades to win a place, the 1994 Group of 19 leading universities said in a report.

  It said it expected the two elite universities to take a large majority of those awarded three or two A grades.

  Outside Oxbridge, students will need at least two A grades and one standard A grade to be confident of getting a place at their chosen university.

  The extra grade is being added to meet complaints from universities that too many pupils gain maximum grades in A-levels, making it hard to select the most able.

  But the 1994 Group, which does not include Oxford or Cambridge, said there were concerns among its members that pupils from fee-paying independent schools would dominate the A grades.

  It said this could set back efforts by its member universities, who include Durham, St.Andrews and Warwick, to widen the social range of their intake.

  The report estimated that just 3,500 out of 660,000 students would be awarded three A*s when they take the first exams in the new A-level courses in 2010.

  That compares with the 26,200 students who gained three A grades in A-levels in 2006.

  The government said there was no evidence to show that state school pupils would be disadvantaged by the introduction of the new grade.

  “It is up to institutions to decide how they balance their assessments of applications with their desire to be fair and to offer places to applicants with the greatest potential, regardless of background,”said a spokesman for the Department for Children, Schools & Families.

(1)

What would be the best title for this passage?

[  ]

A.

Independent schools dominate the A* grades

B.

Straight A’s no longer enough for top universities

C.

Pick up applicants with the greatest potential

D.

Top universities need top students

(2)

The underlined word“elite”in Paragraph 4 means“________”.

[  ]

A.

best

B.

expensive

C.

worst

D.

cheapest

(3)

We can infer from the passage that ________.

[  ]

A.

only students with at least 3 A* can be admitted to Oxbridge

B.

fee-paying independent schools provide a better education than state schools

C.

the new assessment system of A* will be carried out in 2010

D.

students’ involvement in social activities is a must to be admitted to the 1994 Group

(4)

Why does the new assessment system have to be invented?

[  ]

A.

Few students have gained three A grades in A-level exams.

B.

Oxbridge want to distinguish themselves from other universities.

C.

Top universities are pushing for the reform of the assessment.

D.

The present A-level exams fail to pick out the most talented students.

完形填空,阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳的选项。

  Like any good mother, when Karen found out that another baby was on the way, she did what she could to help her three-year-old son, Michael, prepare for a new baby.They found out that it was going to be a girl, and day after day, night after night, Michael   1   to his sister in Mommy's tummy.

  The pregnancy progressed   2   for Karen.Then the labor pains came.Every five minutes…every minute.But complications   3   during delivery.Finally, Michael's little sister was born.But she was in serious   4  .With siren(警报)howling in the night, the ambulance   5   the infant to the Intensive Care unit at St.Mary's Hospital in Knoxville, Tennessee.

    6   inched by.The little girl got worse.The doctors told the parents, "There is very little hope." Karen and her husband contacted a local cemetery(墓地)about a burial plot.They had   7   a special room in their home for the new baby-now they planned a funeral.

  Week two in Intensive Care.It looked as if a funeral would come   8   the week was over.Michael, kept begging his parents to let him see his sister, "I want to sing to her, " he said.Kids were never   9   in Intensive Care.But Karen made up her mind.She would take Michael   10   they liked it or not.

  She   11   him in an oversized scrub suit and   12   him into ICU.He looked like a walking laundry basket, but the head nurse   13   him as a child, "Get that kid out of here now! " The usually   14   lady glared into the head nurse's face, her lips a   15   line."He is not leaving until he sings to his sister! " Karen towed Michael to his sister's bedside.He gazed at the tiny baby   16   the battle to live.And he began to sing   17   the pure hearted voice of a 3-year-old, Michael sang:

  "You are my sunshine, my only sunshine, you make me happy when skies are gray"

    18   the baby girl responded.The pulse rate became   19   and steady.

  Keep on singing, Michael."You never know, dear, how much I love you.Please don't take my sunshine away-"The breathing became as smooth as a kitten's purr.

  Keep on singing, Michael."The other night, dear, as I lay sleeping, … " Michael's little sister relaxed as rest.

  Funeral plans were   20  .The next day-the very next day-the little girl was well enough to go home!

  The medical staff just called it a miracle.Karen called it a miracle of God's love!

(1)

[  ]

A.

talked

B.

sang

C.

played

D.

whispered

(2)

[  ]

A.

quietly

B.

peacefully

C.

hopefully

D.

normally

(3)

[  ]

A.

arose

B.

raised

C.

rose

D.

aroused

(4)

[  ]

A.

situation

B.

condition

C.

place

D.

position

(5)

[  ]

A.

took

B.

sent

C.

carried

D.

rushed

(6)

[  ]

A.

The years

B.

The months

C.

The weeks

D.

The days

(7)

[  ]

A.

fixed up

B.

made up

C.

built up

D.

set up

(8)

[  ]

A.

until

B.

before

C.

after

D.

when

(9)

[  ]

A.

asked

B.

allowed

C.

admitted

D.

acquired

(10)

[  ]

A.

no matter

B.

even if

C.

whether

D.

as if

(11)

[  ]

A.

put

B.

dressed

C.

wore

D.

fit

(12)

[  ]

A.

marched

B.

forced

C.

hid

D.

followed

(13)

[  ]

A.

required

B.

replied

C.

recognized

D.

regarded

(14)

[  ]

A.

warm-hearted

B.

well-managed

C.

mild-mannered

D.

cold-blooded

(15)

[  ]

A.

firm

B.

strong

C.

hard

D.

tough

(16)

[  ]

A.

losing

B.

lost

C.

to lose

D.

having lost

(17)

[  ]

A.

in

B.

on

C.

at

D.

with

(18)

[  ]

A.

Finally

B.

Instantly

C.

Patiently

D.

Interestingly

(19)

[  ]

A.

calm

B.

quiet

C.

slow

D.

fast

(20)

[  ]

A.

put off

B.

put away

C.

put up

D.

put down

阅读理解

(A)

Every object tells a story. Even the most ordinary objects can present to us powerful images. Sometimes it is the ordinary nature of these objects that actually makes them so extraordinary. Such is the case with an old leather shoe in a museum in Alaska. At first glance it does not look like much. It is a woman’s shoe of a style popular in the 1890s. But what is unique(独特的) about this shoe is where it was found. It was discovered on the Checkout Pass, the famous trail used by the people seeking gold in Alaska. Who it belonged to or why it was left there is not known. Was it perhaps dropped by accident as the woman climbed up the 1500 stairs carved outface? Or did she throw away goods that she didn’t need in order to travel lighter?

Over 100, 000 people with “gold fever” made this trip hoping to become millionaires. Few of them understood that on their way they would have to cross a harsh wildness. Unprepared for such a dangerous journey, many died of starvation and exposure to the cold weather.

The Canadian government finally started requiring the gold seekers to bring one ton of supplies with them. This was thought to be enough for a person to survive for one year. They would carry their supplies in backpacks(背包) each weighing up to fifty pounds; it usually took at least 40 trips to get everything to the top and over the pass. Whoever dropped the shoe must have been a brave and determined woman. Perhaps she was successful and made it to Alaska. Perhaps she had to turn back in defeat. No one will ever know for sure, but what we do know is that she took part in one of the greatest adventures in the 19th century.

1. The ordinary woman’s leather shoe is considered unusual because _______. 

A. it was an important clue to life in the past B. it was found on a famous trail

C. it at one time belonged to a VIP             D. it was a fashionable shoe at that time

2. According to this passage, many people who went to Alaska _______. 

A. eventually became millionaires              B. brought with them many shoes

C. had conflicts with the Eskimos               D. were not properly equipped

3. The Canadian government made gold seekers bring one year’s supplies with them so that _______.

A. they would not die of hunger and cold

B. the army would have enough food for fighting a war

C. they would change these goods with the Eskimos

D. the supplies would make Alaska rich

4. No matter what happened to the woman who owned the shoe, _______. 

A. she must have lived a happy life

B. she certainly dropped the shoe on purpose

C. her adventurous spirit is definitely admired

D. her other shoes were equally fashionable

(B)

Listen carefully, working people, we would like to tell you something that could save your precious time and money! Best of all, it is free!

It’s “no”.

What do you ask? We’ll say it again: “No”.

Sweet and simple “no”.

Say “no” at your office and see how quickly that pile of work on your desk disappears.

“Saying ‘no’ to others means you are saying ‘yes’ to yourself, ” said Leslie Charles, a professional speaker from East Lansing, Michigan.

“Time is precious. People are spending money buying time. And yet we are willing to give up our time because we can’t say ‘no’.”

Susie Watson, a famous writer, said people who always say “yes” need to say “no” without guilt(内疚)or fear of punishment. “I would rather have someone give me a loving ‘no’ than an obligated(强制的) ‘yes’, ” she said.

Susie Watson says she feels “no” obligation to give an explanation when she says “no” either socially or professionally. Does she feel guilty about it? “Not at all, ” said Watson, who is director of advertising and public relations at Timex Corp in Middlebury, Conneticut. “Most people are afraid of saying ‘no’… My advice is to say ‘yes’ only if you don’t mean ‘no’.”

Watson said “no” is the most effective weapon against wasting time. “Every year there are more demands on your time… Other people are happy to use up your time, ” Watson said. Time saving appears to be “no’s” greatest friend.

“No” can be your new friend, a powerful tool to take back your life. “No” may even take you further in the business world than “yes”.

“No” is power and strength. “No” now seems completely correct. “Saying ‘no’ isn’t easy. But finally it’s greatly liberating,” Charles said. But, he added, a “no” project needs to be worked on every day because it is hard to change long-term habit.

But, he also warns: “Don’t go to extremes. Don’t find yourself saying ‘no’ to everything. In return you should learn to hear ‘no’.”

5. The sentence “Saying ‘yes’ to yourself” means _______.

A. you can have more time to play with others

B. you needn’t care about other’s feeling if you are happy

C. you are selfish and treat others rudely

D. you can deal with your business as you have planned

6. When you say “no” to others you should say it in a _______.

A. secret way   B. polite way

C. proud way     D. guilty way

7. In Watson’s opinion, people can save much time on condition that _______.

A. they say “no” at a suitable time

B. they say “no” as much as possible

C. they are afraid of saying “no”    

D. they make others angry at them

8. If a person says “no” to everything, the result he or she receive may be that he or she _______.

A. enjoys a wonderful life     B. makes a lot of money

C. faces difficulty in life  D. forgets to say “yes” in the end

(C)

A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man — the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort.

    This attitude toward manual(体力的) labor is now still seen in many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously (豪华地) furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact that the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.   

9. From paragraph 1, we can know that in America _________.

A. people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made man

B. people can always rise to the top through their won efforts

C. college professors win great respect from common workers

D. people feel painful to mention their fathers as labors.

10. According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because _________.

A. servants in American are hard to get

B. she takes pride in what she can do herself

C. she can hardly afford servants

D. It is easy to prepare a meal with canned food

11. The expression “ wait on table” in the second paragraph means “_________”.

A. work in a furniture shop         B. keep accounts for a bar

C. wait to lay the table                D. serve customers in a restaurant

12. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage?

A. A Respectable Self-made Family       B. American Attitude toward Manual Labor

C. Characteristics of American Culture      D. The Development of Manual Labor

(D)

TODAY, Friday, November 12

JAZZ with the Mike Thomas Jazz Band at The Derby Arms. Upper Richmond Road West, Sheen.

DISCO Satin Sounds Disco. Free at The Lord Napier, Mort lake High St., from 8a. m. to 8p. m. Tel: 682—1158.

SATURDAY, November 13

JAZZ Lysis at The Bull’s Head, Barnes. Admission 60p.

MUSICAL HALL at The Star and Garter, Lower Richmond Road, Putney, provided by the Aba Daba Music Hall company. Good food and entertainment fair price. Tel: 789—6749.

FAMILY night out? Join the sing-along at The Black Horse. Sheen Road, Richmond.

JAZZ The John Bennett Big Band at The Bull’s Head, Barnes. Admission 80p.

THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion(手风琴). Tel: 789—4536

SUNDAY, November 14

DISCO Satin Sounds Disco, free at The Lord Napier, Mort Lake High Street, from 8 a. m. to 8 p. m.

FOLK MUSIC at The Derby Arms. The Short Stuff and residents the Norman Chop Trio. Non-remembers 70p. Tel: 688—4626.

HEAVY MUSIC with Tony Simon at The Bull, Upper Richmond Road West, East Sheen.

THE DERBY ARMS, Upper Richmond Road West, give you Joe on the electric accordion.

13. Where and when can you hear the Mike Thomas Jazz Band?

A. At the Derby Arms on Friday.

B. At the Black Horse on Friday.

C. At the Star and Garter on Saturday.

D. At the Derby Arms on Sunday.

14. You want to enjoy the electric accordion on Saturday. Which telephone number do you have to ring to find out what time it starts?

A. 789—6749.             B. 789—4536.            C. 682—1158.  D. 688—4626.

15. You want to spend the Saturday by joining the entertainment with your family. Where should you go?

A. Disco at The Lord Napier.

B. The sing-along at The Black Horse.

C. The electric accordion at The Derby Arms.

D. Jazz at The Bull’s Head.

16. You want to spend the same day at two different places and don’t want to cross any street. Which of the following is your best choice?

A. The sing-along at the Black Horse and Jazz at The Bull’s Head.

B. The sing-along at The Black Horse and Folk Music at The Derby Arms.

C. Folk Music at The Derby Arms and Heavy Music with Tony Simon at The Bull.

D. Musical Hal lat The Star &Garter and Disco at The Lord Napier.

(E)

With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone(克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物种). That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.

Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.

It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.

This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.

The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.

“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.

“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”

17. The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to _______.

A. make efforts to clone the endangered pandas

B. save endangered animals from dying out

C. collect DNA of endangered animals to study

D. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another

18. According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.

A. available panda eggs         B. host animals

C. qualified researchers            D. enough money

19. The best title for the passage may be _______.

A. China’s Success in Pandas Cloning                                 

B. The First Cloned Panda in the World

C. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas

D. China —the Native Place of Pandas Forever

20. From the passage we know that _______.

A. Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog

B. scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit

C. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches

D. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century

GARDEN RESTAURANT

Tel: 2706630   

Add: 9020 Bridgeport Road

Open: Mon. to Fri. 7:00a.m—2:30p.m.

5:00p.m.—9:00p.m.

Sat. 7:00a.m—11:00a.m. 

5:00p.m.—9:30p.m.

Sun. 11:00a.m.—2:00p.m.

5:00p.m.—9:30p.m.

SKYLINE HOTEL

Tel: 2785161

Add: 3031 No.3 Road

( at Sea Island Way)

The Hangar Den:

Wed. to Sun. Lunch from 10:30a.m.

Coffee Shop: Mon.—Fri. 6:00a.m.

Sat. 6:00a.m.

Sun. 7:00a.m.

Mon.—Wed. to 10:00p.m.

Thurs—Sun. to 11:00p.m.

LANSDOWNE PARK SHOPPING CENTER

Tel: 3562367   

Add: 5300 No.3 Road

Open:

Mon. Tues. Sat. 9:30a.m.—5:30p.m.

    Wed. Thurs. Fri. 9:30a.m.—9:30p.m.

    Sun. 11:00a.m.—5:00p.m.

NEW YORK MUSEUM

Tel: 7364431

Add: Vanier Park, 1100 Chestnut St.

Open:

Mon. to Fri. 9:00a.m.—5:00p.m.

Sat. 9:00a.m.—1:00p.m.

(Monday free)

60. If you want to go out for lunch on Tuesday you can call up the number   .

A. 2706630         B. 7364431        C. 3562367        D. 2785161

61. You do not have to pay on Monday if you go to   .

   A. Skyline Hotel                     B. Lansdowne Park Shopping Center     

   C. New York Museum               D. Garden Restaurant

62. Suppose you want to enjoy yourself on Sunday mornings, you can go to   .

    A. 5300 No.3 Road                  B. Vanier Park, 1100 Chestnut St.

    C. 9020 Bridgeport Road             D. 3031 No.3 Road

63. According to the ad, which of the following is TRUE?

  A. At 6:00 a.m. every day coffee is served at SKYLINE HOTEL.

    B. You can have supper every day at GARDEN RESTAURANT

   C. Tel 2785161 can give you some information about shopping.

   D. NEW YORK MUSEUM is open from Monday to Sunday.

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