You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind. First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.

Let’s start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

1.What should you consider first while sailing?

A. Wave levels. B. Size of sails.

C. Sailors’ strength. D. Wind directions.

2.What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. The boat. B. The wind.

C. The sail. D. The angle.

3.What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

A. Tack the boat. B. Lower the sail.

C. Move in a straight line. D. Allow the sail to flap.

4.Where can you probably find the text?

A. In a physics textbook. B. In a tourist guidebook.

C. In a popular magazine. D. In an official report.

On June 23, 2010, a Sunny Airlines captain with 32 years of experience stopped his flight from departing. He was deeply concerned about a power part that might run out of all electrical power on his trans-Pacific flight. Regardless of his concerns, Sunny Airlines pressured him to fly the airplane over the ocean at night. When he refused to put the safety of his passengers at risk, Sunny Airlines' Security removed him out of the airport, and threatened to arrest his crew if they did not cooperate.

Besides that, five more Sunny Airlines pilots also refused to fly the aircraft, expressing their own concerns about the safety of the plane. It turned out the pilots were right: the power part was faulty and the plane was removed from service and finally fixed. Eventually a third crew operated the flight, hours later. In this whole process, Sunny Airlines pressured their highly experienced pilots to ignore their safety concerns and fly passengers over the Pacific Ocean at night in a plane that needed maintenance. Fortunately for all of us, these pilots stood strong and would not be frightened.

Don't just take our word. Please research this yourself and learn the facts at www.SunnyAirlinePilot.org. Once you review this shocking information, please keep in mind that while their use of Corporate Security to remove a pilot from the airport is a new procedure, flight crews' lacking confidence is becoming common at Sunny Airlines, with recorded events occurring on a weekly basis.

The flying public deserves the highest levels of safety. No airlines should maximize their gains by pushing their employees to move their airplanes regardless of the potential human cost. Sunny Airlines' pilots are committed to resisting any practices of damaging your safety for profits. We've been trying to deal with these problems behind the scenes for quite some time; now we need your help. Go to www.SunnyAirlinePilot.org to get more information and find out what you can do.

1.After the captain refused to fly the aircraft, he was ________.

A. asked to find another pilot

B. forced to leave the airport

C. arrested for disobeying the order

D. made to help the Airlines fix the plane

2.What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?

A. To help Sunny Airlines make higher profits.

B. To introduce Sunny Airlines' pilot training programs.

C. To review plans for improving Sunny Airlines' service.

D. To expose problems with Sunny Airlines' security practices.

3.Which of the following is true about the aircraft?

A. It was too old for any more flight service.

B. Its problem was found and finally repaired.

C. It was removed from the airport for a week-long checkup.

D. Its problem remained and no crew would operate the flight.

4.The passage was most likely written by ________ of Sunny Airlines.

A. security guards B. managers

C. pilots D. passengers

One sixth of undergraduates (本科生) in Beijing this year have registered at a driving school . The students , mostly from majors such as business management or international trade , will finish their driving courses within 20 days or so .

Training costs have dropped to ,2,600yuan for students , according to the Haidian Driving School in Beijing . The price is not really low , but students will accept it , seeing it as an investment (投资) in their future . Familiarity with the operation of computers and fluent English are the basic skills graduating students need to find a job . But a driver’s permit has become another factor.

“In the job market , owning a driver’s permit sometimes strengthens a graduating student’s competitiveness for a good position ,” says Zhou Yang , an undergraduate at the China University of Political Science and Law .

Cars will become a necessary part of many people’s lives in the coming years , and it’s difficult to get a permit out of campus because of the pressures on working people’s time . “Having a full-time job after graduation offers limited time to learn to drive . We senior students have plenty of spare time , plenty of opportunities to learn.”

Xu Jian , an official at the driving school, said undergraduates were very able and serious , and could grasp in an hour what it took ordinary people four hours to learn . In this driving school, middle-aged people , young women and college students are the main customers .

To get a driver’s permit , a beginner is now required to have at least 86 hours’ practice before the final road test .

1.The undergraduates are learning to drive because .

A. they like to drive cars

B. they need this skill to find a good job .

C. most of them will be able to buy cars in the future

D. they want to become full-time drivers after graduation

2.Which of the following is Xu Jian’s opinion of students learning to drive ?

A. He decided it was a waste of money and time .

B. He thought they must learn it at school .

C. He thought they would spend three times more time .

D. He agreed that young people had an advantage in learning to drive .

3.Which of the following would be the best title of this passage ?

A. Students Learn to Drive

B. Welcome to Driving School

C. It’s Better to Learn to Drive at College

D. Students Pay Less to Learn to Drive Now

Jenkins was a jeweler(珠宝商), who had made a large diamond (钻石)ring worth £57,000 for the Silkstone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready, he made a copy of it which looked ___ like the first one but was worth only£2,000. This he took to the shop, which _____ it without a question.

  Jenkins gave the much more_____ring to his wife for her fortieth birthday. Then, the husband and wife _____to Paris for a weekend. As to the _____ring, the shop sold it for£60,000.

  Six months later the buyer _____ it back to Silkstone's office. "It's a faulty (有瑕疵的) diamond,” he said. "It isn't worth the high _____I paid." Then he told them the _____. His wife's car had caught fire in an_____. She had escaped (幸免) ,______ the ring had fallen off and been damaged (损坏) in the great _____ of the fire.

  The shop had to ______. They knew that no fire on earth can ______ damage a perfect diamond. Someone had taken the ______ diamond and put a faulty one in its place. The question was: who ______ it?

  A picture of the ring appeared in the ______. A reader thought he _____ the ring. The next day, another picture appeared in the papers which ______ a famous dancer walking out to a plane for Paris. Behind the dancer there was a woman _____ a large diamond ring. “Do You know the ______with the lovely diamond ring?" the papers asked their readers. Several months later, Jenkins was sentenced to seven years in prison.

1.A. only B. surely C. nearly D. exactly

2.A. accepted B. received C. refused D. rejected

3.A. real B. modern C. worthy D. valuable

4.A. flew B. drove C. sailed D. bicycled

5.A. first B. second C. last D. next

6.A. sold B. posted C. brought D. returned

7.A. cost B. money C. price D. value

8.A. facts B. matters C. questions D. results

9.A. affair B. accident C. incident D. experience

10.A. so B. or C. but D. and

11.A. pile B. heat C. power D. pressure

12.A. think B. agree C. permit D. promise

13.A. almost B. even C. just D. ever

14.A. real B. pure C. right D. exact

15.A. copied B. made C. stole D. did

16.A. notices B. magazines C. newspapers D. programmes

17.A. saw B. knew C. found D. recognized

18.A. showed B. drew C. printed D. carried

19.A. carrying B. dressing C. wearing D. holding

20.A. dancer B. woman C. reader D. jeweler

New research brings some good news for lovers of spicy(辛辣的) foods, after finding that eating hot red chili peppers might help to extend lifespan(寿命).

Consuming hot red chili peppers might reduce death risk, say Chopan and Littenberg from the research team. In hot peppers, such as Mexico peppers, the strong flavor comes from a compound(复合物), which does not exist in sweet peppers or onions. Studies have suggested that this compound can offer a welth of health benefits.

A study of more than 16,000 people in the United States revealed that individuals who consumed red chili peppers had a lower risk of death from all causes over an average of 18 years than those who did not eat the spicy food. Compared with participants who did not consume hot red chili peppers, those who did were found to be at 13 percent reduced risk of all-cause death.

For example, a recent study reported by Medical News Today, found that the compound might have the potential to stop breast cancer, while an earlier study linked the compound to a reduced risk of digest system cancers. Still, the available data suggested that hot red chili pepper consumption was most strongly associated with a reduced risk of death from heart disease.

While the researchers are unable to identify the concrete compound by which red chili peppers might extend lifepan, the team says that it is likely due to the compound that is effectively against obesity(肥胖症).

Overall, the team says that these latest findings support those of the 2015 study, linking spicy food intake to reduced risk of death by showing “a significant decrease in death associated with hot red chili pepper consumption.” However, Chopan and Littenberg note that the earlier study was only conducted in Chinese adults, so the now research makes these findings more credible.

1.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The study only goes for American people.

B. Red chili pepper can all-cause disease.

C. The compound protects people against obesity.

D. Onion consuming can reduce death risk.

2.What is the finding of the new research mainly about?

A. Hot red chili pepper lovers develop no cancers.

B. Hot red chili peppers help control breast illness.

C. Hot red chili peppers decrease heart disease.

D. Hot red chili pepper intake may increase lifespan.

3.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “credible”?

A. Convincing. B. Practical. C. Encouraging. D. Attractive.

Every year,billions of kilograms of fresh produce are wasted in the United States.Meanwhile,millions of poor Americans go hungry,without access to healthy and affordable meals.Evan Lutz,CEO and founder of Hungry Harvest,was inspired to act after seeing extreme poverty in areas of Baltimore,Maryland.He wants to reduce the so—called food waste in that area.His work is to make sure no food goes to waste and no person is ever hungry in America.And he combines that goal with a love for business.

Hungry Harvest is a business which collects and sells fruits and vegetables that most food companies will throw away.Everything doesn't grow the same way on a farm.But all that is too big or too small gets thrown out.That is why everything in a grocery store looks similar.Hungry Harvest will box those imperfect ones and deliver them to customers once a week.

For every purchase,Hungry Harvest delivers healthy food to people in need.Hungry Harvest has recovered 300,000 pounds of produce to date and provided 100,000 pounds to those in need.

Lutz established Hungry Harvest in 2014.Its success depends on team work.Every week on Monday or Tuesday they will decide what will go into the next week's box by calling up packing houses and wholesalers to see what they will normally throw away that week.They then place the order.The last step ls to send goods to customers.

In January 2016,Lutz appeared on the American business competition television show "Shark Tank" and got even more than he expected: $100,000.Lutz is using the money to expand.Actually,more than six billion pounds is wasted each year due to "ugly" surface.Hungry Harvest is on the way to saving more food from going to waste and feeding hungry families.

1.Why is Hungry Harvest set up?

A. To reduce poverty and food waste.

B. To collect and sell thrown—away food.

C. To make enough money to expand.

D. To sell deserted food to the poor.

2.The underlined word "recover" in Paragraph 3 means " ".

A. get over an illness

B. regain a former condition after a financial loss

C. reuse materials from waste products

D. get back the use of one's sense

3.Why do you think Evan Lutz is successful?

a.He combines his goal with a love for business.

b.He depends on team work.

c.He got $100,000 from a TV show.

d.He is kind-hearted and creative.

A. a,b,c B. b,c,d

C. a,c,d D. a,b,d

4.Who will not benefit from Evan Lutz's business?

A. Hungry Harvest. B. Hungry families.

C. Food companies. D. Fruit farmers.

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