Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need.It has been demonstrated(证明)that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins(维生素) to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles.When a fragrant(香的)flavor(作料)was added to the vitamin-enriched water, the rats did seem to prefer it and kept drinking it ,even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water.In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were.

In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria(自助) feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them.They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in.We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet.

So, in choosing food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them.Apparently, there is a kind of “body wisdom”, which humans soon lose.Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could.Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-formed habits.Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs.So what people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.

In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rats’ drinking water to _____________ .

     A.encourage rats to drink vitamins-enriched water

     B.test whether rats know which drink is good for them

       C.find out rats’ preference in flavor

     D.demonstrate the vitamins are tasteless

According to the passage ,adults eating habits differ from those of babies because_________.

       A.adults know better than babies what kind of food are good for their health

       B.adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods

       C.adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns

       D.adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs

The author implied in the passage that most of us_________.

       A.eat a balanced diet

       B.choose the food that is of nutrition

       C.have the habits influenced by the surroundings

       D.like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor.

As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that_________.

       A.both prefer flavored food and drink

       B.both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet

       C.both have the same eating patterns

       D.both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors

One day a very wealthy father took his son on a trip to the country with the firm purpose of showing his son how poor people can be.

They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of  36  would be considered a very poor family. On their  37  from their trip, the father asked his son, “ How was the trip?”

“It was  38 , Dad .”

“Did you see how poor people can be?” the father asked.

“Oh yeah?” said the son.

“So what did you  39  from the trip?” asked the father.

The son answered, “I saw that we have one dog and they have four. We have a pool that  40  to the middle of our garden and they have a creek (小溪) that has  41  end. We have lanterns in our garden and they have the  42  at night. We have a  43  piece of land to live on and they have fields that go  44  our sight. We have servants who serve us, but they serve  45 . We buy our food, but they grow theirs. We have  46  around our property(财产) to protect us but they have friends to protect them.”

With this the boy’s father was  47 .

Then his son  48 , “Dad, thank you for showing me how  49  we are.”

Too many times we  50  what we have and concentrate on what we don’t have. What is one person’s  51  object is another’s prize possession. It’s all  52  on one’s perspective (视角). Think about what would happen if we all gave  53  for what we have,  54  worrying about what we don’t have.

Be thankful for every single thing in your life, exactly as it is now–and  55  your friends. Be sure to take the time to express your appreciation and gratitude for the people whom you are close to.

A. which                  B. that                         C. what                       D. how

A. arrival                  B. return                      C. coming                    D. reach

A. shameful               B. disappointing          C. surprising                D. great

A. suffer                   B. regret                       C. hear                              D. learn

A. reaches                 B. gets                         C. arrives                     D. flows

A. much                    B. some                       C. no                           D. another

A. stars                     B. lights                             C. darkness                  D. torches

A. smooth                 B. full                        C. large                        D. small

A. through                B. within                     C. beyond                    D. across

A. themselves            B. visitors                    C. friends                    D. us

A. dogs                     B. walls                       C. soldiers                   D. policemen

A. discouraged           B. satisfied                   C. delighted                 D. speechless

A. explained             B. announced                      C. informed                 D. added

A. poor                     B. wealthy                   C. lucky                             D. proud

A. miss                     B. forget                      C. remember                D. consider

A. valuable                B. useful                      C. priceless                  D. worthless

A. based                    B. concentrated            C. decided                   D. laid

A. love                     B. concern                    C. thanks                     D. interests

A. more than            B. along with                C. instead of                D. except for

A. especially              B. besides                    C. specially                  D. only


B
Most American kids love Halloween treats, but a bucket of Halloween candy can be a dentist’s nightmare. Some parents try to get rid of half of the candy after their children go to bed, but dentists say parents also need to separate the good kinds of treats from the bad.
It is not exactly what a child eats that truly matters, but how much time it stays in his mouth. According to pediatric dentist Dr. Kaneta Lott, the most damaging stuff is something that is sticky or very hard and thus stays in the mouth for a long time. This is because we all have bacteria in our mouths. When we eat, the bacteria take our food as their food and produce an acid that destroys the surface of the teeth, causing cavities to form. The longer the food stays in the mouth, the more likely cavities will develop. Therefore, potato chips are worse than candy because they get stuck between teeth. For the same reason, raisins and crackers are not the best choice. Hard candies take a long time to consume and are also a bad choice for Halloween treats
If children really love candy, dentists recommend that they eat chocolate instead. Unlike hard candies, chocolate dissolves quickly in the mouth. Besides, chocolate contains tannins, which help to kill some of the bacteria in the mouth. But no matter what a child eats, brushing after each meal is still the best way to fight cavities.
55.What is the main purpose of this passage?
A. To discuss how cavities can be treated.
B. To point out the problems with Halloween celebrations.
C. To tell parents what sweets are less damaging to their children’s teeth.
D. To teach parents the meaning of Halloween candies for their children.
56.Why are hard candies especially bad for teeth?
A. They may break the child’s teeth.
B. They contain too much sugar.
C. They help bacteria to produce tannins.
D. They stay in the mouth for a long time.
57.According to the passage, which of the following is a better choice for Halloween treats?
A. Chocolate.                     B. Crackers.                        C. raisins.                            D. Potato chips.
58.According to the passage, which of the following is true of tannins?
A. They are produced when the bacteria digest the food.
B. They help to get rid of some bacteria in the mouth.
C. They help chocolate to dissolve more quickly.
D. They destroy the surface of the teeth.

Nearly all our food comes from the soil. Some of us eat meat, of course, but animals live on plants. If there were no plants, we would have no animals and no meat. So the soil is very necessary for life. The top of the ground is usually covered with grass or other plants. There may be dead leaves and dead plants on the grass. The waste matter (粪) from animals also falls on it.
All soil needs food. If we do not give it any, the plants will be weak. Farmers found that animals’ waste is the best food for the soil, but chemical fertilizers (化肥) are also very useful. The same crop (庄稼) should not be grown in the same place every year; it’s better to have a different crop. A change of crop and the use of a good fertilizer will keep the land good.
【小题1】What would happen first without plants?

A.People would have more crops.B.Animals would die.
C.There would be more food.D.There would be less soil.
【小题2】What does the writer tell us in the first paragraph (段落)?
A.Leaves, plants, grass and waste live on each other.
B.There would be no animals without meat.
C.There would be no plants without animals.
D.People, animals, plants and soil live on each other.
【小题3】Which is the best food for soil in the field?
A.Chemical fertilizersB.Plants and grass.C.Animals’ waste.D.Different crops.
【小题4】Why do we often grow a different crop in the same place every year?
A.Because we can keep the soil rich this way.
B.Because we don’t have enough land.
C.Because we want to have a different food.
D.Because we do this as a habit.
【小题5】What is the best title for the passage?
A.Soil and WasteB.Plants and AnimalsC.Food and WasteD.Soil and Food

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