题目内容
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Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.
This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.
This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.
Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone(臭氧)levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.
“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.
72. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.
A. result in a warming climate
B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently
C. lead to a longer fire season
D. protect the forests and the environment there
73. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.
A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate
B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere
C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment
D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming
74. The underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.
A. released B. absorbed C. created D. disturbed
75.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.
A. warm the climate as the supposition goes
B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate
C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice
D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy
72—75 ADBB
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Many animal lovers would like to do more to help animals, but aren’t sure where to start or feel like they just don’t have the time. The good news is that there are many simple things you can do to help protect animals.
Think twice before you decide
The decisions you make when it comes to eating meat or other animal products can go a long way toward stopping the killing of animals. Consider eating a vegetarian(素食的) diet. If you aren’t ready to make this change, there are still things you can do. Do not buy animal products from companies known to use practices that go against the law such as using drugs to increase milk production in cows.
Help get the word out
Getting the word out about the problems faced by animals can be as easy as putting up a notice on your car. Also, talk to your friends and family members about important issues that are related to animals. Give some simple advice to a friend with a new pet about the serious pet over-population problem we’re facing. Turn to some books on the subject if you are not so clear about the advice you give your friend.
Write a letter
We’ve all heard the saying, “ The pen is more powerful than the sword”. Put this idea to the protection of animals. If a company has practices or rules that are harmful to animals, write them a letter to let them know you are angry about them, and that you won’t buy their products until they make some changes. Write letters to state and local legislators(立法者) to let them know how important it is that they support legislation that protects animals. Make them know that their actions will have a great effect on your vote.
Be more loving
If you’re considering adding a dog or a cat to your family, think about getting one from a homeless-animal house rather than buying a pet. There are many wonderful animals just waiting for a home. By taking back an animal from there, you will be helping in the fight against pet over-population, as well as giving your money to those who are responsible for taking care of pitiful animals.
Let your actions be an example to others
It may sound simple ,but one of the best ways to help animals is to let your actions speak to the world. You should do the following things first by yourself: Treat all living creatures with respect. Care about your pets and look after them well. Avoid (避免)entertainment places that use animals to perform. Support legislation (立法)that protects animals. All of these things set an example for others to follow.
Title: Ways of _______ animals
Think about your ______ carefully | ●Don’t eat meat or animal products. ●______ to buy animal products from companies that have illegal practices |
Get the word out | ●Put up an animal-protection ______ on the car ●Talk to your friends and family members about important animal issues ●Give your friends some simple______on the pet over-population problem ●Get help from books if necessary |
Write letters | ●Let those companies that are doing harm to animals know about your ______ ●Let legislators know the _____ of their support for legislation that protects animals |
Be more loving | ●Get a pet from a homeless-animal house |
Act as an example to others | ●Treat all living creatures with respect. ●Take good _____ of your pets ●Do not go to places where animals ________ ●Support legislation which is _______ for animals. |