题目内容

Noah Webster, born on October 16, 1758 , is known for The American Dictionary of the English Language. He has been called the " Father of American Scholarship and Education. " His " Blue-Backed Speller" books were used to teach spelling and reading to five generations of American children. But how much .do you know about him beyond that?

   At the age of 16, Noah Webster began attending ,Yale College. Unfortunately, he spent his four years at Yale during the American Revolutionary War, and, because of food shortages, many of his college classes were held in Glastonbury, Connecticut. Later, he served in the army.

Having graduated from Yale in 1778, Webster wanted to continue his education in order to earn his law degree. He had to teach school in order to pay for his education. He set up many small schools that didn't survive, but he was a good teacher because instead of forcing his students to learn, like most teachers did, he rewarded them. He earned his law degree in 1781, but did not practice law until 1789. Once he started he found the law was not to his liking.

   Webster did not have much money. In 1793 , Alexander Hamilton lent him $ 1500 to move to New York City to edit a newspaper. In December, he founded New York ' s first daily newspaper, American Minerva, and edited it for four years. For decades, he published . textbooks, political essays, a report on some diseases, and newspaper articles for his party, He wrote so much that a modern list of his published works required 655 pages .Noah Webster died on May 28, 1843 and was buried in the Grove Street Cemetery.

1.What's the main idea of Paragraph l?

A.  Webster's famous dictionarie .

B. Webster's daily routines.

C.  Webster's main achievements.

D. Webster's college education.

2.Which of the following best describes Webster's life at Yale?

A. Tough.     B. Smooth.     C. Normal.     D. Tiring.

3.What did Noah want to be after graduation from Yale?

A. A teacher.     B. A lawyer.      C. A headmaster.    D. A scholar.

4.Why was Webster a good teacher?

A. Because he set up many small schools.

B. Because he graduated from Yale College,

C. Because he forced his students to learn.

D. Because he often rewarded his students.

5.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?

A. Webster was a most productive author.

B. Webster led a miserable life in New York City.

C. Webster's books added up to 655 pages.

D. Webster didn't write any polifical works.

 

【答案】

 

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.A

【解析】

试题分析:文章介绍了美国词典编纂者被誉为“美国学术和教育之父”的Noah Webster厄诺·韦伯斯特的的一些鲜为人知的人生经历。

1.段落大意题:从第一段的句子:He has been called the " Father of American Scholarship and Education. " His " Blue-Backed Speller" books were used to teach spelling and reading to five generations of American children.可知这段讲的是Webster 的主要成就,选C

2.归纳题:从第二段的句子:Unfortunately, he spent his four years at Yale during the American Revolutionary War, and, because of food shortages, many of his college classes were held in Glastonbury,可知Webster 在耶鲁大学对的生活是艰难的,选A

3.细节题:从文章第三段的句子:Having graduated from Yale in 1778, Webster wanted to continue his education in order to earn his law degree. 可知从耶鲁大学毕业后,Noah想做一个律师,选B

4.细节题:从文章第三段的句子:but he was a good teacher because instead of forcing his students to learn, like most teachers did, he rewarded them可知Webster经常奖励他的学生,所以是个好老师,选 D

5.推理题:从第四段的句子:he published . textbooks, political essays, a report on some diseases, and newspaper articles for his party, He wrote so much that a modern list of his published works required 655 pages .可以推断出:Webster 是个多产的作者,选A

考点:考查人物传记类短文

 

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“Colour” and “color”, “favourite” and “favorite”···Have you ever wondered why Americans spell those words without a “u”? Is it because they are lazy?
Of course not. In fact, the difference in spelling was created by Noah Webster (1758—1843). He is a teacher who reformed English to make American identity stronger. Linguists(语言学家) celebrated his 250th birthday on October 16. After the Revolutionary War(1775—1783), Webster believed that Americans should have their own dictionary, rather than rely on British versions(版本). He dropped the British “u” in some words. And he changed “centre” into “center” for children to learn English by spelling words more like they sounded.
Webster wasn’t shy about expressing his opinions. In defining(定义) preposterous, he wrote: “A republican government in the hands of females is preposterous.”
Webster spent 28 years on the project before completing the 70,000-word dictionary in 1828 with his American-style spellings. He also added local words. His dictionary was widely used in schools. Linguists believed it helped a new nation achieve unity and cultural independence at a time when most were focused on political freedom.
“He was the shaper of our language and the shaper of American identity,” said Joshua Kendall, who is working on a biography(传记) about Webster. “He at last bonded(联合) us through our language.”
【小题1】          According to the passage, when he worked on his dictionary, Noah Webster did all of the following EXCEPT______.

A.dropping “u” in all the British words
B.changing “centre” into “center”
C.adding local words
D.expressing his opinion.
【小题2】          When did Noah Webster probably begin his project of the dictionary?
A.In 1758B.In 1783C.In 1800D.In 1828
【小题3】          Why did Noah Webster create these differences in his dictionary?
A.Because he wanted to make English simple and easy.
B.Because he wanted American English to have it own characteristics(特征).
C.Because he wanted to make American English the best in the world.
D.Because he wanted to show that the USA is stronger than the UK.
【小题4】          Which of the following word can best describe Noah Webster’s work?
A.InterestingB.BoringC.UnfinishedD.Meaningful
【小题5】          Which of the following would probably be the best title for the passage?
A.Webster
B.American identity
C.The shaper of American English
D.Spelling difference between American and British English.


Mouse potatoes joined couch potatoes (who spend much time watching TV on the couch), google officially became a verb and drama queens (extremely emotional persons) finally found the attention when they crossed over from popular culture to mainstream English language.
The mouse potato, the himbo (attractive, empty-headed man) and drama queen were among 100 new words added to the 2006 update of America’s best-selling dictionary, the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary《韦氏大词典》. The Internet search engine Google also found its way into the dictionary for the first time as a verb, meaning to find information quickly on the worldwide web.
New words and phrases from the fields of science, technology, pop culture and industry are chosen each year by Merriam-Webster’s team of editors after months of looking through books, magazines and even food labels. “They are not tracking spoken language. They are looking for evidence that words have been used in the written English language,” said Arthur Bicknell, senior editor of Merriam-Webster.
Other words first coming into the dictionary this year were soul patch (a small growth of beard under a man’s lower lip), unibrow (two eyebrows joining together) and supersize - the fast food industry phrase for extra large meals.
The technology world contributed ringtones (changeable incoming cellphone call signals) and spyware (software installed in a computer to track a user’s activities) while biodiesel (生物柴油) and avian influenza(禽流感) came from the world of science.
America’s first dictionary - Noah Webster’s A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language - was published 200 years ago and also introduced some fresh words that have now become familiar. Those “new” words in 1806 included slang, surf, psychology, naturally and Americanize.
【小题1】The mouse potato refers to ____________.

A.a mouse that lives by potatoes
B.a person who spends much time on the computer
C.a mouse that is shown on the screen of the computer
D.a person who likes to eat mice and potatoes
【小题2】Which group of words and phrases is NOT the fresh words for the dictionary of this   year?  
A.mouse potatoes, google, supersize, drama queen.
B.himbo, soul patch, unibrow, supersize.
C.ringtones, spyware, biodiesel, avian influenza.
D.couch potatoes, surf, psychology, Americanize.
【小题3】Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the text?
A.New words and phrases were introduced into the dictionary have close relationship with the time.
B.New words and phrases chosen by the editors of the dictionary have been used in written English somewhere.
C.Some words that are now familiar to us used to be fresh words collected in the dictionary.
D.The Merriam-webster Collegiate Dictionary becomes the best-seller because 100 new words are added to it.

根据汉语完成句子。(请将答案写在答题卡上相应番号的横线上,一空一词。)

1.他昨天声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。

He __________ to have seen a round black creature __________ quickly through the water yesterday.

2.他们说水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。

They say that the __________ lake is __________ to be able to __________ such large living creatures.

3.当急流穿过两英里高的峡谷时,峡谷变窄了,只有350英尺。

The gorge __________ __________ 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high mountains.

4.块块巨石形象各异,条条之流流淌着传说,座座小山承载着过往。

Every rock looked like a person or animal, every stream that joined the river __________ its legend, and every hill was __________ __________ the past.

5.远山上写着20英尺见方的汉字:“建造山峡大坝,开发长江资源”。

On a distant mountain was a sign __________ 20-foot __________. “Build the Three Gorges Dam, Exploit the Yangtze River,” it __________.

6.你永远想不到她。一个人带大五个孩子所遇到的困难。

You can never imagine the difficulty she had __________ up five children all by herself.

7.这也导致了大量的美语单词和结构传入英国英语。

It has also __________ __________ lots of American words and structures __________ into British English.

8.对于美国人来说,情况稍微好些,这多亏了一位叫诺亚.韦伯斯特的人,一位1778年毕业于耶鲁大学的教师。

For Americans things are a little bit easier, __________ __________ the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who __________ from Yale University in 1778.

9.萧伯纳有这样的评论:英国及美国这两个国家被共同的语言所区分。

Gorge Bernard Shaw made the famous __________ __________ the British and The Americans are two nations divided by a common language.

10.两个国家境内的口音差异可能和两国之间的口音差异一样大。

There is probably __________ much __________ of pronunciation __________ the two countries as __________ them.

11.在旅游界有一种说法:所有游客都被敲竹杠。

There is a saying in the travel trade __________ all tourists are __________ __________.

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The Elementary Spelling Book suggested __________ the spelling of English words.

 

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