If we say the four great inventions (Gunpowder,Compass,Paper and Art of Printing) reflected ancient China’s scientific achievements,then Zhaozhou Stone Bridge perfectly represented one of the greatest contributions to ancient China’s bridge building.Nobody was unfamiliar with the stone bridge full of legends and vivid folk stories.

The ancient Zhaozhou stone bridge started to be built in 590 during the Sui Dynasty (581~618) and established in 608.The pioneer for building the bridge was Li Chun who overcame unimaginable difficulties,undergoing all hardships.The location of the bridge is in Zhao County south,Hebei Province.It lay across the Xiaoshui River,far away from the mountains that provided rocky materials.In ancient times,it was such a busy,deep and wide river that could be used as an important carriage to transport heavy rocks and other materials.As we know,no train,no lifting machine could be used to move granite(花岗岩)blocks to the construction site.As an intelligent stonemason and engineer,Li Chun worked out his plan and design all from his own direct observation and investigation.It took his whole life-time in completing the great historical project inChina.Nowadays it is not only a historical remarkable model of architecture,but also a brilliant Chinese cultural crystallization(结晶) of wisdom.

The entire length of the bridge is 50.82 meters with 10 meters width.The whole stone bridge looks like a big bow,the span of which is 37.02 meters,and its height from the top to the surface of water at a regular position is 7.23 meters.The bridge arch seems to be moving smoothly and flatly.The whole arch consists of 28 big granite blocks connected each other tightly together.On both end sides of the general arch there are 4 smaller arches,2 of which on one side,the other 2 on the other side.The smaller arches could be used to decrease the weight of the bridge and save stone materials,and help flood get through easily,which seems to be much prettier.Such a hard-thinking and careful consideration of the engineering article is really a model of design and layout.The span was much wider than the other stone bridge in ancient times all over China.

Today Zhaozhou Stone Bridge is one of international cultural relics and perfectly protected and preserved by the concerned administration of China.

The best title of this passage is _________.

A.Great engineer in ancient China                      B.Zhaozhou stone bridge

C.Four great inventions                                     D.How to build a bridge

The third paragraph mainly tells us _________.

A.the materials of Zhaozhou bridge                    B.the structure of Zhaozhou bridge

C.the arches of Zhaozhou bridge                        D.the importance of Zhaozhou bridge

The underlined word “carriage” probably refers to _________.

A.cart                          B.transport                   C.channel                     D.resourse

A growing number of students in the United States are studying Mandarin(普通话). It is the official language of China. More and more people speak Mandarin than those who speak other languages in the world.
Schools that teach Mandarin want to prepare students for a future in which they are likely to work with people from China. Business in China is booming(繁荣的), and that trend(趋势) is expected to grow.
The US government is trying to encourage even more public schools to teach Mandarin. Officials are considering spending about $1 billion on Mandarin programs in schools. China is getting involved(参与) too. The Chinese government has donated Mandarin textbooks to US schools. Some schools are also taking part in teacher exchange programs with China.
“It is important for students to learn Mandarin and Chinese culture,” said Mary Patterson, a school principal(校长) in Portland, Oregon. “Students who do so will have wider opportunities when they become adults.”
【小题1】Why are US schools teaching Mandarin?

A.To help students communicate with Chinese students.
B.To encourage students to move to China,
C.To prepare students for the future.
D.To get students interested in business.
【小题2】The underlined word “donated” (in Paragraph 4) can be replaced by “______”?
A.providedB.keptC.madeD.found
【小题3】 What is the best title for this passage?
A.Why US students learn MandarinB.Schools in China
C.How to speak MandarinD.China today

阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。首先,请阅读以下世界古代奇观的简介:
  A.  The Great Wall was begun more than two thousand years ago.  It was built to keep out invaders.  It extends about six thousand seven hundred kilometers across northern China.  Today,  the Chinese government is working to repairparts of the wall and protect as much of it as possible.  The Great Wall of China is one of the largest building projects ever attempted.  It is also the only object built by people that can be seen from space.
B.  The Coliseum in Rome,  Italy was built almost two thousand years ago.  The ancient Roman sports center could hold fifty thousand people who gathered there to watch public events.  Experts say it is one of the finest examples of Roman design and engineering.
C.  The city of Machu Picchu in Peru includes some of the best stone works ever built.  The ancient Inca people built Machu Picchu high in the Andes Mountains,  northwest of the city of Cuzco.  Machu Picchu is about thirteen square kilometers.  Historians say it might have been one of the last places of safety for the Incas who were fleeing invaders from Spain.
D.  India is famous for its temples and buildings.  The most famous is the Taj Mahal,  considered one of the most beautiful buildings ever built.  The fifth Mughal emperor,  Shah Jahan,  ordered it built in Agra in sixteen thirty-one.  He built it as a burial place in memory of his wife.  The Taj Mahal has tiny colorful stones inlaid in white marble.  The structure seems to change color during different times of the day and night.
E.  Abu Simbel was built more than three thousand years ago.  It is about 280 kilometers south of Aswan on the western bank of the Nile River.  It took an army of workmen and artists more than thirty years to cut the huge temple into the face of a rock mountain.  In front of the main temple are four huge statues of Ramses the Second.  Each statue is about twenty meters high.
F.  Stonehenge also belongs on a list of ancient wonders. It is a circle of huge stones in southeastern England.  Experts believe work began on Stonehenge about five thousand years ago.  We know very little about Stonehenge. We do not even know how these huge stones were moved to the area.  Much has been written about Stonehenge,  but experts say they still are not sure what it was used for.
以下是旅行者的信息,请匹配他们计划参观的世界奇观。
【小题1】Mr.  Smith, who comes from Rome, Italy,  plans to visit Asia.  He hears about a beautiful building which tells a moving story about the love between an ancient ruler and his wife. __
【小题2】Li Hua, who has been to the Great Wall several times, plans to visit an ancient wonder in Europe which has as long a history as the Great Wall. _
73.  Cindy, who comes from India, plans to visit an ancient temple on the bank of a famous river in Africa.  The temple, in front of which there were some huge statues,  is one of the greatest stone works ever built. _
【小题3】Jack will visit one of the oldest stone works ever built by people.  It was made up of huge stones, but how ancient people moved the stones and why they built it remain a mystery._
【小题4】A scientist will be sent into space.  He hopes he can see an object built by human beings when he looks at our earth with his bare eyes. __

My interest in Chinese food started years a90, when l was a young reporter for the Washington Post. Our office wasn’t far from Chinatown, where I found some very good Chinese restaurants.

The first time I ever ate Chinese food I loved it. I noticed the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables. When I learned more about the food, I began to understand why it has this special feature.

Many years ago, China had an energy crisis because it lost much of its wood due to over population and poor management of its forests. This loss was very bad for the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food. Wood became very expensive and hard to get,so the Chinese had to either find a substitute for their valuable wood,or learn how to use it better. There weren’t any substitutes so people found ways to economize.

In order to economize in cookin9, they had to use very little wood. So they started cutting their meat and vegetables into small pieces before they put them in the hot oil.That way,the food cooked faster and they saved their fuel. The food prepared in this way kept its fresh flavor一and it's this flavor that attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.

1.This text is mainly about________.

A. what caused Chinese food to taste fresh

B. how Chinese food is cooked in the US

C. when the author started to make Chinese food

D. why most foreigners like cooking Chinese food

2.The author mentioned the energy crisis to show________.

A. it is important to protect the forests

B. it is necessary to find substitutes for wood

C. why the Chinese changed their way of cooking

D. what problems a big population is causing China today

3.It can be inferred from the text that before the energy crisis Chinese food________.

A. was cooked in rather large pieces

B. was cooked in water but not oil

C. didn’t taste good

D. didn’t look fresh

 

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