题目内容
9.No one is sure how the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids near Cairo.But a new study suggests they used a little rock‘n'roll.Long-ago builders could have attached wooden pole s to the stones and rolled then across the sand,the scientists say.
"Technically,I think what they're proposing is possible,"physicist Daniel Bonn said.
People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.And there's no obvious answer.On average,each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.
The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.Many scientists suspect workers first would haveput the blocks on sleds(滑板).Then they would have dragged them along paths.To make the work easier,workers may have lubricated the paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle.Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.
Evidence from the sand supports this idea.Researchers found small amounts of fat,as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.
However,physicist Joseph West think there might have been a simpler way,led the new study.West said,"I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction.I thought,‘Why don't they just try rolling the things?‘"A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides,he realized.That,he notes,should make a block of stone"a lot easier to roll than a square".
So he tried it.
He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block.That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.Then they placed the block on the ground.
They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths.They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery(滑的)path.
West hasn't tested his idea on larger blocks,but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.At least,workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.
46.It's widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site byC.
A.rolling them on roads
B.pushing them over the sand
C.sliding them on smooth paths
D.dragging them on some poles
47.The underlined part"lubricated the paths"in Paragraph 4meansD.
A.made the path wet
B.made the path hard
C.made the path wide
D.made the path slippery
48.What does the underlined word"it"in Paragraph 7refer to?A
A.Rolling the blocks with poles attached.
B.Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.
C.Rolling poles to move the blocks.
D.rolling the blocks with fat.
49.Why is rolling better than sliding according to West?D
A.Because more force is needed for sliding.
B.Because rolling work can be done by fewer cattle.
C.Because sliding on smooth road is more dangerous.
D.Because less preparation on path is needed for rolling.
50.What is the text mainly about?D
A.An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
B.An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
C.An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
D.An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
分析 本文是说明文,主要讲述的是关于金字塔的建造,把石块移动到金字塔位置上的一种新方法,一项新的研究表明古埃及人可能是采用"滚动"的方法.
解答 46.C 细节理解题 根据第四段中的"The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds (滑板).",可知选C.
47.D 词义猜测题 由该短语所在段中的"either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle"可推知,lubricated the paths 意为"让路变滑",故选D.
48.A 词义猜测题"it"为代词,因而应该指代上文;根据上一段内容,可知"it"指代"把杆绑在石块上,然后滚动石块".故选A.
49.D 细节理解题 根据最后一句"workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths."可知,滚动石块不需要做准备工作.故选D.
50.D 主旨大意题 根据文章内容可知,文章主要讲述了把石块移动到金字塔位置上的一种新方法.故选D.
点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点.
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