The Western has been the favorite type for American adventure story since the nineteenth centu??ry. While the American West was being settled, newspapers and "dime novels" could depend on stories of the frontier settlements and tell tales about living in the untamed wilderness to sell. The public back East was eager to read about the West, even if the stories were more fiction than fact.

In 1902, Owen Wister published his novel The Virginian, which was one of the first novels to treat the Western as a serious literary form; the novel still sold well and had inspired several movies and a television series. In 1905, Bertha H. Bower and Zane Grey published their first novels, and the popular Western novels had continued to flourish from that day on, with current novels by Luke Short, Max Brand, and Louis L’ Amour carrying on the tradition.

The first Western movie appeared even earlier than these serious Western novels. Before the turn of the century, an associate of Edison’s had filmed Cripple Creek Barroom Scene, a few seconds of film showing the inside of a saloon, to help publicize the invention of the movie camera. In 1903 the Edison’ company filmed the first "full-length" Western — The Great Train Robbery. The film lasts less than fifteen minutes, but a story is told its entirety. In the movie, bandits (强盗) rob a train and its passengers, killing the engineer, and find themselves tracked down by a posse. Audiences loved the movie. Some theaters were actually opened for the single purpose of showing The Great Train Rob??bery and only later realized that they could do equally well showing other movies. The film was so suc??cessful that other companies, and finally even the Edison company itself, began producing copies and other versions of The Great Train Robbery. Ironically, in" an era when the West was still very real —-Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma were all territories rather than states in 1903 — The Great Train Robbery was filmed in New Jersey.  

9. The purpose of this passage is to________.

A. discuss the making of the movie The Great Train Robbery

B. discuss the early Western novels

C. discuss the art of movie making

D. trace the development of the Western as an American adventure story tradition

10. We can conclude from this passage that________.

A. people lost interest in the West after 1903

B. Owen Wister was an ex-cowboy

C. New Jersey was still "untamed wilderness" in 1903

D. films were fairly uncommon at the time The Great Train Robbery was made

11. The passage suggests that________.

A. Edison’s invention of the movie camera happened;by accident

B. movie houses didn’t make much-money in the early days

C. Easterners were fascinated by the " wild West"

D. The Great Train Robbery was poorly received by the public because it lacked a plot

12. As used in this passage, the word “literary” means________.

A. humorous                B. financial             C. appropriate to literature      D. amateur 

根据短文内容,从下框的A-F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。

A.      The education in Paris

B.      The culture of Paris

C.      The population growth in Paris

D.     The production of Paris

E.      The industries in Paris

F.      The introduction of Paris

 
61.

Paris, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central France. The Paris metropolitan area con­tains nearly 20 % of the nation's population and is the eco­nomic, cultural, and political center of France. The French government have historically favored the city as the site for all decision making; thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities.

 
62.

Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the na­tional capital in the late 10th century. With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th centu­ry. The migration was especially stimulated by the con­struction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital. After World War II, more and more immigrants arrived.

 
63.  

The city is the centralized control point of most nation­al radio and television broadcasting. It is a place of publica­tion of the most important newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center. With more than 100 museums, Paris has truly one of the greatest concen­trations of art treasures in the world. The Louvre. opened as a museum in 1793, is one of the largest museums in the world.

 
64.

In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually at­tended about 47.000 elementary schools. In addition, about 5.4 million students attended some 11.200 secondary schools. Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s. French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.

 
65.                     

 Paris is the leading industrial center of France, with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrat­ed in the metropolitan area. Industries of consumers’ goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population; and modern, high-technology indus­tries also have become numerous since World War II. Chief manufactures are machinery, automobiles, chemicals and electrical equipment.

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