Albert Einstein (1879~1955) was one of the greatest and most original scientific thinkers of all time.

  Born of Jewish parents at Ulm in Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland and got his Ph. D at the University of Zurich. He went to live in the United States in 1933 because of the rise of Nazism(纳粹)in Germany and Hitler’s persecution(迫害)of the Jews.

  In 1905, while still at Zurich, he published his Special Theory of Relativity, which was based on things everyone may have noticed. If two trains are standing alongside each other and one train starts to move, a person sitting in the train may wonder whether his own train is moving or the other is moving, and before he finds out what is happening, he can see that one train is moving relatively to the other. From this and also from other more complicated facts, Einstein came to the conclusion that all motion is relative and that there are really no such things as absolute(绝对)motion. Some of the other conclusions he drew are that nothing can go faster than light, and that if something such as a ruler was moving faster and faster it would seem to get shorter and shorter as its speed was near the speed of light. By 1915, Einstein had made known his General Theory of Relativity. He also improved on Newton’s theory of gravity. Most of his theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange. For his important work he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.

(1) In 1933, Einstein wanted to live in the United States because ________.

A.he loved the USA.more than his own country

B.he had got some friends there with whom he could work together

C.he wanted to live quietly in the USA

D.he could no longer work in Germany when Hitler came into power

(2) Einstein published his Special Theory of Relativity when he was ________.

A.in the United States

B.in Ulm, Germany after he got his Ph.D

C.still in Switzerland at the age of twenty-six

D.still at the University of Zurich at the age of thirty-six

(3) One of the conclusions drawn by Einstein is that ________.

A.places go faster than trains and buses

B.people couldn’t run as fast as vehicles

C.light gobs the fastest of all the things

D.two trains can go in different directions

(4) Einstein added that if something such as a ruler was moving it would seem to get shorter and shorter ________.

A.because the ruler itself was short

B.when it was moving faster and faster

C.because we can’t see it clearly

D.because the ruler was broken into pieces

(5) Einstein was world-famous for his ________.

A.Special Theory of Relativity

B.General Theory of Relativity

C.improving on Newton’s theory of gravity

D.all of the above

完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a 36  problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without 37 ; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all of these methods 38 , the person with a problem has to start analysing. There are six 39 in analysing a problem.
40 , the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must 41 that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the person must 42 the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must 43 the parts that are wrong.
Now the person must look for 44 that will make the problem clearer and lead to 45 solutions. For example, suppose Sam 46 that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the brakes. 47 , he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, talk to his friends at  the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.
After 48 the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example 49 , his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; buy k*s#5^unew brakes and change the old ones.
In the end, one 50 seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the 51 idea comes quite 52 because the thinker suddenly sees something in a 53 way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum stuck to a brake. He immediately hits on the solution to his problem: he must 54 the brake.
Finally the solution is 55 . Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem. 
36. A. serious            B. usual                     . similar                          D. common
37. A. practice         B. thinking                . understanding  D. help
38. A. fail                    B. work                      . change                         D. develop
39. A. ways         B. conditions            . stages                          D. orders
40. A. First               B. Usually                  . In general           D. Most importantly
41. A. explain           B. prove                     . show                    D. see
42. A. judge         B. find                        . describe       D. face
43. A. check        B. determine       . correct                  D. recover
44. A. answers            B. skills                  C. explanation     D. information
45. A. possible     B. exact            C. real           D. special
46. A. hopes       B. argues             C. decides            D. suggests
47. A. In other words                           B. Once in a while
C. First of all                                  D. At this time
48. A. discussing     B. settling down     C. comparing with D. studying
49. A. secondly    B. again              C. also                  D. alone
50. A. suggestion  B. conclusion           C. decision         D. discovery
51. A. next         B. clear               C. final                 D. new
52. A. unexpectedly          B. late               C. clearly            D. often
53. A. simple             B. different           C. quick            D. sudden
54. A. clean               B. separate         C. loosen            D. remove
55. A. recorded        B. completed         C. tested                      D. accepted 

The idea of light pollution has developed with the increase of lights in cities. In many areas, this light makes it difficult or impossible to observe stars and planets in the night sky.
There are a number of reasons why light pollution is important. One has become clear at the Mount Wilson Observatory near Los Angeles, California. Today, light from Los Angeles makes the night sky above Mount Wilson very bright. It is no longer an important reasearch center because of light pollution.
Light pollution threatens to reduce the scientific value of research telescoples in other important observatories. They include Lick Observatory near San Jose, California and Yerkes Observatory near Chicago, Illionis.
Light pollution is the result of wasted energy. Bright light that shines into the sky is not being used to provide light where it is needed on Earth. Poorly designed lighting causes a great deal of light pollution. Lights that are brighter than necessary also cause light pollution.
Most people in America are surprised to find out that they are able to see our own galaxy(星系),the Milky Way, with their own eyes. But about three­fourths of Americans cannot see the Miky Way because of man­made light.
Objects in the night sky are resources that provide everyone with wonder. But light pollution threatens to prevent those wonderful sights from being seen.
【小题1】Light pollution usually occurs________.

A.in citiesB.in the country
C.in wild areasD.in developing countries
【小题2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Mount Wilson Observatory is the most important one in America.
B.Light pollution affects observatories only.
C.In the dark night people can observe the sky clearly.
D.Astronomers can observe the stars clearly by the lights of the cities.
【小题3】The victims affected by the light pollution are________.
A.childrenB.grown­upsC.studentsD.observatories

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