题目内容

Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk,I went to a friend.He looked at me for a moment,and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I've ever had: Be bold and brave—and mighty(强大的)forces will come to your aid.

Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past,it was seldom because I had tried and failed.It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all.On the other hand,whenever I had plunged into deep water,forced by courage or circumstance,I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.

Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you can eat.And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces.They are potential powers we possess: energy,skill,sound judgment,creative ideas—even physical strength greater than most of us realize.

Admittedly,those mighty forces are spiritual ones.But they are more important than physical ones.A college classmate of mine,Tim,was an excellent football player,even though he weighed much less than the average player. "In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player,who had nothing but me between him and our goal line," said Tim. "I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet—and stopped him cold."

Boldness—a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight.But it can be taught to children and developed in adults.Confidence builds up.Surely,there will be setbacks(挫折)and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee(保证)of success.But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.

So,always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you'll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.

1.Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?

A. He faced huge risks. B. He lacked mighty forces.

C. Fear prevented him from trying. D. Failure blocked his way to success.

2.What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?

A. Swallow more than you can digest. B. Act slightly above your abilities.

C. Develop more mysterious powers. D. Learn to make creative decisions.

3.What was especially important for Tim's successful defense in the football game?

A. His physical strength. B. His basic skill.

C. His real fear. D. His spiritual force.

4.What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

A. To encourage people to be courageous.

B. To advise people to build up physical power.

C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.

D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.

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12.The Bystander (旁观者)EffectWhen an emergency situation occurs,observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses. (36)B
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect,which is named after Catherine"Kitty"Genovese,a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13,1964.Early in the morning,28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work.As she approached her apartment entrance,she was attacked and stabbed (刺) by a man later identified as Winston Moseley.Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help,(37)F. The attack first began at 3:20,but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted police.
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident,as well as most Americans.As the conclusion,the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments.
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect.(38)D.Because there are other observers,individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action,since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present.The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways.When other observers fail to react,individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate.
(39)C. In the case of Kitty Genovese,many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a"lovers'quarrel",and (40)E.

A.They hesitate and assess the risk of getting hurt
B.This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect.
C.Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is unclear
D.First,the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility
E.they did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered.
F.none of the people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help.
G.the attacker didn't stop stabbing her.

Many parents have learned the hard way that what sounds like open communication is often the very thing that closes a youngster’s ears and month. One common mistake is The Lecture, the long monologue that often starts with “When I was your age….” Eighteen-year-old Kelly calls lectures “long, one-side discussions in which I don’t say much.”

Kids reflexively(条件反射地) shut down in the face of a lecture. Their eyes glaze over(呆滞), and they don’t register any incoming information. Listen to 13-year-old Sarah describe her least favorite times with her mom and dad. “First, they scream. Then comes the ‘We’re so disappointed’ speech. Then the ‘I never did that to my parents’ lecture begins. After that, even if they realize how ridiculous they sound, they never take it back.”

Lines like “When you have children of your own, you’ll understand” have been seriously said by parents since time immemorial. But many of our expert parents, like Bobby, a registered nurse and mother of three, feel that by falling back on clichés(陈词滥调) to justify our actions, we weaken our position.

Since kids are creatures of the here and now, the far-off future has no relevance to them. Therefore, good communicators like Bobby suggest, “Give specific reasons for your actions in present language: ‘I’m not letting you go to the party because I don’t think there will be enough adult supervisions(监护).’”

Betty, who lives in Missiouri, uses an indirect approach. “I find that warnings are accepted more readily if I discuss a news article on a subject I am concerned about. My husband and I talk about it while our children absorb the information. Then they never think I’m preaching.”

This really helped when Betty’s kids began driving. Instead of constantly repeating “Don’t drink; don’t speed,” she would talk about articles in the paper and express sympathy for the victims of a car crash. Betty made no special effort to draw her kids into the conversation. She depended on a teen-ager’s strong desire to put in his opinions---especially if he thinks he isn’t being asked for them.

1.The purpose of the passage is to _________.

A. compare two ways of parents` communicating with their kids

B. give parents advice on how to communicate with their kids

C. explain why kids won’t listen to their parents.

D. introduce kids` reaction to the communication between them and their parents

2.Which of the following statements is NOT right?

A. Kids won’t listen to their parents because they think what their parents say is boring.

B. Many kids think they have no right to express their own opinions.

C. Some kids think their parents should apologize when they are wrong.

D. Kids don’t like any discussion at all.

3.What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?

A. 独白 B. 对话

C. 插话 D. 讨论

4.Which of the following topic may appeal to kids?

A. Parents` own experience

B. Kids possible life in the future

C. Something related to kids` present life

D. What parents have done to their own parents.

5.In order to make kids follow their advice, parents should______.

A. tell their kids to listen carefully B. set out their warnings directly

C. list out as many examples as possible D. arouse kids` desire to express themselves.

Tonight, my piano recital(钢琴演奏会) was the most important thing in my family. My grandparents were coming by plane to hear me play. Even my busy Aunt Dianne, who is on TV every night reading the news, was coming.

But one thing was for sure. I would never win an award for my piano playing. And that’s just because the more I practiced, the more nervous I got. So there I was,on the stage, in my beautiful dress,and I sat down at the piano. But when I started to play,I hit a wrong note. I told myself to start over. But then I hit the wrong note again. It was as if I hadn’t practiced at all.

Finally the disaster was over. I ran off the stage. I couldn’t understand why audience(观众) were clapping. But they were. My mom and dad had flowers for me and we were all supposed to go out for a nice dinner, but I couldn’t. I just wanted to go home and cry and never go anywhere again. After we went back home, Aunt Dianne just came in and sat down on the side of my bed.

“It was my first night on the air,” she said. “I had never been on television before and I made a mistake. I mispronounced my name and the name of the news show. And you know what? No one even noticed but me. Just like tonight, no one noticed—just you.” Aunt Dianne was right. I think we are harder on ourselves than anyone else is. Maybe I will leave my room. And maybe I’ll play the piano again.

1.From the passage we can know Aunt Dianne__________.

A. worked as an actress B. worked as a news broadcaster on TV

C. worked as a hostess on TV D. hosted the piano recital

2.What did the author learn from her piano performance?

A. Don’t be too hard on yourself.

B. Things seldom go as well as people expect.

C. No one will care what others have done.

D. Never rely on yourself.

3.What would be the best title for the text?

A. A wonderful Piano recital performance B. Support from my Family

C. A lesson from Piano Recital Disaster D. Encouragement from the audience

My son Joe was born with clubfeet(畸形足). The doctors told us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally ______ would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in ______. By the time he was eight, you ______ he had a problem when you saw him walk.

The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during play, and Joey would ______ and play, too. We ______ told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to ______ as well as the other children. So he didn’t know.

In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross country ______. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others. Perhaps he ______that the abilities that seemed to come ______ to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the ______ team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to ______ points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never ______ the team, so he didn’t know.

He ______ to run four to five miles a day, even the day he had a 103 fever. I was ______, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him how he felt, “______,” he said.He had two more miles to go. The sweat ______ his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. Yet he ______ straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn’t run four miles with a 103 degree fever. So he didn’t know.

Two weeks later, the name of the team runners were ______. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was only in seventh while the other six team members were all ______.

We never told him he shouldn’t ______ to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it, so he didn’t know. He just did it.

1.A. However B. Or C. But D. though

2.A. attention B. development C. circulation D. treatment

3.A. wouldn’t know B. didn’t imagine C. shouldn’t find D. couldn’t identify

4.A. keep just out B. jump right in C. stand only behind D. sit still away

5.A. never B. generally C. often D. sincerely

6.A. live B. Jump C. Run D. hope

7.A. competition B. class C. game D. team

8.A. meant B. sensed C. showed D. noticed

9.A. eventually B. suddenly C. safely D. naturally

10.A. entire B. same C. other D. all

11.A. score B. collect C. pay D. catch

12.A. join B. enter C. make D. keep

13.A. liked B. continued C. hoped D. aimed

14.A. moved B. excited C. encouraged D. worried

15.A. Never mind B. Okay C. Don’t worry D. Sorry

16.A. ran down B. came from C. dropped off D. came down

17.A. stood B. looked C. faced D. glanced

18.A. made B. called C. designed D. checked

19.A. sixth-graders B. seventh-graders C. eighth-graders D. fifth-graders

20.A. expect B. fight C. avoid D. refuse

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