B If women are mercilessly exploited year after year.they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion.they are always t 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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If women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering(改变) the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.

No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in highheeled shoes.

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.

20．Designers and big stores always make money ________．

A．by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing

B．by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry

C．because they are able to predict new fashions for the coming season

D．because they attach great importance to the quality of women's clothing

21．To the writer，that women alter their old fashioned dresses is seen as ________．

A．a waste of money

B．an expression of taste

C．a waste of time

D．an expression of creativity

22．According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?

A．The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.

B．The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of characters.

C．Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.

D．New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.

23．By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”，the writer means that ________．

A．women are better able to put up with discomfort

B．men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion

C．men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers

D．women's inconstancy in their choices of clothing is often laughed at

女人爱美的天性被时装设计师和商人充分利用，他们不断推出各种新款服装，赚足了女士们的钱，而女士们为了美丽心甘情愿地被他们剥削。男士在时装方面则显得比女士更理性。

20．A　推理判断题。第一段提到“因为她们一想到自己穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就不寒而栗，所以总是被服装设计师和大商场利用”，由此判断，这些人利用她们追求衣着时尚的特点来赚钱，故选A“通过不断改变女装的时尚”。B“通过无情地盘剥服装加工行业的女工”；C“因为他们能预测下一个季节的新款式”；D“因为他们注重女装的质量”都不正确。

21．C　细节理解题。第二段说，女士们如果没钱置办新衣，她们就浪费几个小时的时间来修改她们现有的服装以追求时尚。由此判断选C，作者觉得这样做是浪费时间。

22．D　推理判断题。从第三段第一句可知A项错误；第三段说，女人为了美愿意忍受任何的不舒适，而没有提到反映了她们“性格的力量”，故B项错误；文章没有提到C项内容。从全文内容可知，作者觉得服装设计师推出各种新款服装的目的是赚钱，是“一年又一年对女士们进行无情的商业盘剥”，由此判断选D。

23．B　推理判断题。最后一段说，比较男人和女人对时装的态度就能得出一个明显的结论，男人很聪明，不会被时装设计师欺骗。从这些叙述可知应选B，男士在选择服饰方面比女士更理性。

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In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”- feeling important and worthwhile—and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”—finding life enjoyable—are not always the same. Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children—what’s all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.

Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa（反之亦然）. For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.

The concepts(概念)of mastery and pleasure can help us identify(找到)the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.

A woman’s well-being is developed when she takes on multiple（多项的）roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles—marriages, motherhood, and employment—were the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.

It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.

A. for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure”

B. for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery”

C. women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the same time

D. a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are both necessary to women

The author’s attitude towards women having a career is________.

A. negative B. positive C. neutral（中立的） D. realistic

One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles,_____.

A. it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strain

B. she will be more successful in her career

C. her chances of getting promoted will be greater

D. her life will be richer and more meaningful

Which of the following can be considered as a source of “pleasure” for women?

A. Family life B. Multiple roles in society

C. Regular employment D. Freedom from anxiety

People with bigger brains ftend to score higher on standardized tests of intelligence， according to new study findings.

However， the study author Dr Michael A.McDaniel of the Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond emphasized that these findings represent a general trend， and people with small heads should not automatically believe they are less intelligent. For instance， Albert Einstein’s brain was “not particularly large”， McDaniel noted. “There’s some relationship between brain size and intelligence on the average， but there’s plenty of room for exceptions，” he said.

Interest in the relationship between brain size and intelligence grew in the1830s， when German anatomist(解剖学家) Frederich Tiedmann wrote that he believed there was “an unquestionable connection between the size of the brain and the mental energy displayed by the individual man”. Since that statement， scientists have conducted numerous studies to determine if Tiedmann’s assertion was， in fact， correct. Most studies have looked into the link between head size and intelligence. More recently， however， researchers have published additional studies on brain size and intelligence， measured using MRI scan(核磁共振成像扫描).

For his study， McDaniel analyzed more than 20 studies that looked into the relationship between brain size and intelligence in a total of 1,530 people. The studies showed that on the average， people with larger brain volume tended to be more intelligent. The relationship between brain volume and intelligence was stronger in women than men， and in adults than in children. McDaniel notes in the journal Intelligence.

McDaniel is not sure why the relationship was stronger for adults and women. “Other research has shown that women， on the average， tend to have smaller brains than men， but score just as well—if not higher—in tests of intelligence，” he said.

McDaniel insisted that the relationship between brain size and intelligence is not a “perfect” one. “One can certainly find lots of examples of smaller-sized people who are highly intelligent，” he said， “But， on the average， the relationship holds.”

. What does the text mainly talk about？

A.MRI scans are applied to intelligence.

B. On the average， a bigger brain means higher IQ.

C. Dr McDaniel did well in his intelligence study.

D. Scientists are interested in Tiedmann’s idea.

By mentioning Albert Einstein， the writer wants to show　　　　.

A. Albert Einstein was intelligent

B. the result of intelligence test was false

C. being hard working is more important than intelligence

D. brain size doesn’t necessarily decide the level of intelligence

The underlined word “assertion” in Para. 3 probably means “　　　　”.

A. experiment B. statement C proof D. demand

After Frederich Tiedmann wrote his article，　　　　.

A. many scientists agreed with him

B. numerous studies have failed to prove his idea

C.MRI scan became popularly used

D. lots of researchers were interested in the connections between head size and intelligence

According to the text， Dr McDaniel’s study　　　　.

A. proves Tiedmann’s idea was completely true

B. shows women are smarter than men

C. involves many studies and a lot of people

D. explains why people with smaller brains are clever

In western countries, especially in America, some social customs have lasted still today. For example, ladies first, that is to say, women in those countries are respected(尊重) in many ways.

In the U.S. and Europe, you will see men usually open doors for women and women generally walk ahead of men into a room or a restaurant unless the man have to be ahead of the ladies to choose the table, to open the door of a car or to give other services. On the street, men almost walk or across the street on the side of the ladies which is closer to traffic, but if a man walks with two ladies, he should walk between them.

1.In this passage， “customs” especially refers to _______.

A．what a group of people usually do

B．what people in western countries do

C．what people in eastern countries do

D．what people in united states do

2.When you introduce a group of people in English, you will probably begin with _____.

A．Men and women B．Women and men

C．Gentlemen and ladies D．Ladies and gentlemen

3.In which country people may think it strange that men should open doors for women?

A．England B．Italy C．Japan D．Germany

4.Which of the following statements is not true?

A．In Europe, a man generally follows a woman when they enter a restaurant together.

B．In America a man who walks ahead of a women always gives services.

C．In the U.S, women almost always walk closer to the running cars.

D．In the U.S, men should always walk by the side of the ladies.

5.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of this passage?

A．In western countries, some social customs have lasted till today.

B．Women in western countries are respected in many ways.

C．Men usually open doors for women in the U.S. as well as in Europe.

D．Men show respect for women by giving them good services.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有2项为多余项。

Sociologists(社会学家), working in western countries, have found that a large number of women wished they had been born men. ______51_______

“Women often wish they had the same chances as men have, and think it is still men’s world,” said Dr. James Helen, one of the sociologists who did the study.

______52_______ A man has to make money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. Some are even against their wives working at all. ______53_______ If women take full-time jobs, they won’t be able to do what they are best at doing: Making a nice home and bringing up the children.

Some women disagree. They say they want to get out of their homes, and to have freedom to choose between work and home life. ______54______

Anne Harper has a very good job. She also believes in “women’s liberation(妇女解放运动)”. I don’t wish I were a man,” she says, “and I don’t think many women do. But I do wish people would stop treating us like second-class people. At work, for example, we usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to men---usually they are the best ones. _______55_______ How many women scientists are there… or engineers?”

A.Many men say that they have more duties than women.

B.Many women say that they have more duties than men.

C.The member is said to be as high as 60% in Germany.

D.Men have the right of equal pay and equal chances.

E.Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances.

F.If you are a man, you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life.

G.When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children can not be taken good care of.

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