About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation．At one point the woman asked, “So, how have you been?” And the boy－who could not have been more than seven or eight years old－replied．“Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately．”
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed(确认)my growing belief that children are changing．As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed”, that is, in low spirits, until we were in high school．
Undoubtedly a change in children has increased steadily in recent years．Children don’t seem childlike anymore．Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to．
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different．Childhood as it once was no longer exists．Why?
Human development is depended not only on born biological states, but also on patterns of gaining social knowledge．Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new social positions．Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages; traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders．
In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation(揭示)machine has been equipped in 98 percent of American homes．It is called television．Television passes information to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults．Unable to resist the temptation(诱惑), many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more attractive moving pictures．
Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information which children will gain．Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials．
(1)
According to the author, feeling depressed is _________．
[ ]
A．
a sure sign of a mental problem in a child
B．
a mental state present in all humans, including children
C．
something that cannot be avoided in children’s mental development
D．
something hardly to be expected in a young child
(2)
Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world _________．
[ ]
A．
through connection with society
B．
gradually and under guidance
C．
naturally without being taught
D．
through watching television
(3)
According to the author, that today’s children seem adult like results from _________．
[ ]
A．
the widespread influence of television
B．
the poor arrangement of teaching content
C．
the fast pace of human scientific development
D．
the rising standard of living
(4)
What does the author think of communication through print for children?
[ ]
A．
It enables children to gain more social information．
B．
It develops children’s interest in reading and writing．
C．
It helps children to read and write well．
D．
It can control what children are to learn．
(5)
What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
When you donate blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance to test your blood type．If you are O＋, the O is your ABO type and the＋is your Rh type．It is possible to be A,B,AB, or O as well as Rh＋or Rh-．
The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s．He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements．There are four basic types of blood in the ABO system：A,B,AB and O．Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood．We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents．Because of the substances(物质)contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully．If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation．Basically, A and B cannot be mixed．A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B．In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types，so it is often called the universal donor．However，there is still a risk．For the opposite reason，AB is sometimes called the universal receiver．However，because there can be so many reactions in transfusions，patients usually receive only salt until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of the hospital．
There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality．Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A．The rarest is type AB．Other races have different percentage．For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type out of 100 donors in the world．
(1)
Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?
[ ]
A．
B．
C．
D．
(2)
The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means ________．
[ ]
A．
to put the blood into a container
B．
to move the blood from one place to another
C．
to put the blood of one person into the body of another
D．
to give power to another person
(3)
The text mainly tells us ________．
[ ]
A．
about the basic types of human blood
B．
what kind of blood is the most common
C．
about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize
D．
the relationship between blood type and nationality
