If Confucius were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake,there would be a lot of candles.He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.

While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day,few people in the United States will give him a passing thought.It’s nothing personal.Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.

But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius.In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.

In the past two decades,the Chinese study programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities.More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries.These schools teach both Chinese language and culture.The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art,history and philosophy.Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the old Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy.Students in the United States,at the same time,are racing to learn Chinese.So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States.Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.

So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.

Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.

As for the old thinker,he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West,even if his birthday is.

1.The first paragraph is mainly intended to_________.

A. provide some key facts about Confucius

B. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations

C. show great respect for the old thinker

D. attract the readers’ interest in the subject

2.The reason why few Americans remember Confucius on his birthday is probably that______.

A. they don’t care about Confucius at all.

B. they consider their own national heroes more important.

C. he has bee a bridge between foreigners and China.

D. they don’t pay much attention to the birthdays of famous people.

3.We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students________.

A. were not interested in Chinese studies before

B. take an active part in Chinese petitions

C. have a great interest in studying Chinese

D. hope to make money in China

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A. Old Thinker with a Big Future

B. Huge Fans of the Chinese Language

C. Chinese Culture for Westerners

D. Forgotten Wisdom in America DDCA

We each have a unique genetic (基因的,遗传的) make-up. Every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA. These are the instructions for producing a person. Genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of several billion binations of DNA which e from the random(随机的,任意的) mixing of your parents’ genes. Except for identical twins (同卵双胞胎), no one has the same bination as another person. You are unique! You are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.

But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scientists are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 births---some are identical and others are non-identical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Non-identical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.

Some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like short-sightedness, are mostly genetic. But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. Non-identical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Identical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than non-identical twins.

Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are thrill-seekers and get into risk-taking and adventurous activities. They take up extreme sports like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.

We could ask, “Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing?” Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.

1.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. We cannot easily change our physical appearance.

B. How we turn out depends on our parents’ genes.

C. Everyone has a physical double somewhere in the world.

D. Both our genes and our experiences make us who we are.

2.Why are scientists studying twins?

A. To find out how many twins are born every year.

B. To discover what shapes us as individuals.

C. To pare differences between twins.

D. To study brother-and-sister relationships.

3.According to the passage, __________.

A. one in 70 twins are genetically identical

B. non-identical twins are usually not of the same sex

C. twins separated at birth behave exactly the same

D. identical twins are genetically the same

4.Which of the following is most affected by experience according the passage?

A. Eating habits. B. Eye-sight.

C. Pain resistance. D. Marriage patterns.

5.What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. Our love of sport.

B. Our attitude to risk-taking.

C. Our skill at bungee jumping.

D. Our ability to take drugs.

British potato farmers were angry and wanted the expression “couch potato” to be taken out of the dictionary because it harmed the vegetable’s image.

The British Potato Council wants the Oxford English Dictionary to replace the expression with the term “couch slouch”, with protests being outside Parliament in London and the offices of Oxford University Press.

Kathryn Race, head of marketing at the Council, which represents some 4,000 planters and processors, said the group had complained in writing to the OED but had yet to receive a response.

“We are trying to get rid of the image that potatoes are bad for you,” she said on Monday.

“The potato has had its knocks in the past. Of course it is not the Oxford English Dictionary’s fault but we want to use another term instead of “couch potato” because potatoes are naturally healthy.”

The OED says that “couch potato” began as American slang, meaning “a person who spends his or her leisure time sitting around, especially watching television or video tapes.”

The Potato Council says its campaign is backed by dieticians (饮食学家) who say the vegetable is low in fat and high in vitamin C.

Supporting the campaign, famous cook Antony Worrall Thompson said the vegetable was one of Britain’s favorite foods.

“Not only are they healthy, they are also convenient and yummy (美味). Life without potato is like a sandwich without a filling,” he said.

John Simpson, chief editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, said the dictionary first included the term “couch potato” in 1993 and said “dictionaries just reflect the words that society uses.”

Simpson said words were never taken out of the full-length dictionary, which includes some 650,000 words in 20 volumes.

But little-used words can be removed from the smaller dictionaries to make way for newer ones.

“If society stops using words then they get taken out of the smaller dictionaries,” he added.

The first known recorded use of the expression “couch potato” was in an article in Los Angeles Times, in 1979, Simpson said.

Nigel Evans, a member of Parliament for the Ribble Valley in Lancashire, has made a motion in support of the campaign, highlighting the nutritional value of the British potato.

1.British potato farmers wanted to _________.

A.advertise their produces

B.call for a higher price for their potatoes

C.remove the expression “couch potato” from the dictionary

D.let people know how important the potato is in people’s lives

2.The farmers think that _________.

A.potatoes have had a bad image

B.Potatoes are good for people by nature

C.potatoes sometimes do harm to people

D.it’s the dictionary’s fault to use the expression “couch potato”

3.John Simpson thinks that _________.

A.the expression can be taken out of every kind of dictionary

B.dictionaries do not necessarily reflect the words the society uses

C.little-used words can remain in the smaller dictionaries

D.it is impossible for them to take the expression out of the dictionary

4.What is wrong with the expression “couch potato” according to the farmers in this passage?

A.It is connected with unfavorable meaning.

B.Potato should be used in the expression.

C.It is borrowed from America English.

D.It refers to a kind of person.

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