Question

8．The age one becomes a legal adult in the US is largely the age at which most children are considered adults in the world．A few countries set this age lower，but in most of the western world，one is considered an adult at 18For many parents the term legal adult does not mean their children possess certain adult characteristics．For example，being an adult implies being able to make mature decisions，participate in civic（公民的） matters，have self-control，and be responsible．Some 18-year-olds simply lack these characteristics and need further time to develop them．It concerns some parents that an 18-year-old can make life-altering decisions，like marrying early or joining the army，which may not have been made with significant forethought．
Even if a newly legal adult is still in high school，a parent is under no legal pressure，frequently，to continue to provide housing or care．Some exceptions to this rule have been proven，particularly in cases of divorce where a spouse （配偶） still claims child support，or help with payments for college．Some parents feel that continued financial support really proves the fact that the child is really not quite an adult yet，regardless of age．
【写作内容】
1．以约30个词概括这段短文的内容；
2．然后以约120个词就"我的18岁生日"这个主题进行表达，内容包括：
（1）中西文化中父母对成人子女的态度和要求．
（2）18岁生日对你意味着什么？
（3）18岁以后你打算怎么做？
【写作要求】
1．在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称．
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯．

Answer 1

分析 本文是读写任务型写作，这类作文可按照三段式模板写：第一段：概况所给短文要点．第二段：过渡词引出主题句---阐述理由．第三段：个人观点．特别要注意第一段的概括．用自己的语言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 时态用一般现在时．人称用第一和第三人称． 重要短语：as well as（和，又，也），mean doing（意味着），more than （超过），the transition from …to…（从…到…的转变），have little sense of doing （没有做某事的意识），look back on（回顾某事），upside down（颠倒的，倒置的），with the cart before the horse（本末倒置），be regarded as（被认为），far from （远非，绝不是），care about（关心），celebrate sth（庆祝某事），spare no effort（不遗余力），be more independent and responsible（更独立和有责任感）．
【高分句型一】
1．In western countries，①leaving home is a symbol of becoming an adult，②because it was the starting point ③signaling the transition from youth to adulthood．
①此处是由动名词短语"leaving home"作主语，谓语动词为"is"，表语为"a symbol of becoming an adult"．
②此处是由连词"because"引导的原因状语从句，主句为"leaving home is a symbol of becoming an adult"．
③此处是由现在分词短语"signaling the transition…"作后置定语，修饰名词"the starting point"．
【高分句型二】
2．As far as I am concerned，though my 18th birthday is still coming，few birthdays are as important as the big 18th．
此处是由连词"though"引导的让步状语从句，主语为"few birthdays are as important as the big 18th"．
【高分句型三】
3．①Not only will I invite the people I care about to celebrate it together with me，but I will write a letter to myself about ②what is going on in my life and③what I plan to do in the future．
①此处是由部分倒装句型，结构为"not only+一般疑问句形式，but also+句子"，即"not only"引导的句子需倒装，而"but also"引导的句子不需倒装．
②③此处是由连接代词"what"引导两个并列的宾语从句，作介词"about"的宾语．
【高分句型四】
4．Little as I have known about what to do correctly，I will spare no effort to learn to be a grown-up．
此处是部分倒装句型，结构为"副词+as+主语+谓语"，"as"意为"虽然，尽管"主句为"I will spare no effort to learn to be a grown-up"．

解答 My understanding about being 18
          In many countries as well as the US，being 18 years old means entering adulthood．Then one needs to independently think more than twice not only for themselves but also for the whole world around．（概括）
          In western countries，leaving home is a symbol of becoming an adult，because it was the starting point signaling the transition from youth to adulthood．【高分句型一】However，people in China have little sense of doing that．The young are still regarded or just consider themselves as kids far from being mature．（中西文化中父母对成人子女的态度和要求）
          As far as I am concerned，though my 18th birthday is still coming，few birthdays are as important as the big 18th．【高分句型二】Things to do on my 18th birthday should be different than years past．I want my 18th birthday to be special，something I can look back on when I'm older．Not only will I invite the people I care about to celebrate it together with me，but I will write a letter to myself about what is going on in my life and what I plan to do in the future．【高分句型三】For example，I will write down what I want for myself in 5，10 and 20 years and then seal the envelope and keep it in my purse until I turn 30．（18岁生日对自己意味着什么）
         Little as I have known about what to do correctly，I will spare no effort to learn to be a grown-up．【高分句型四】I will try my best to learn to be more independent and responsible as well as enjoying my precious life．（个人观点---打算怎么做）

点评 读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．