What happens when human beings are not allowed to sleep for long periods of time? To answer this question, a New Yorker, Peter Tripp, offered to stay awake 200 hours. During that time Tripp was observ 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

What happens when human beings are not allowed to sleep for long periods of time? To answer this question, a New Yorker, Peter Tripp, offered to stay awake 200 hours. During that time Tripp was observed by a group of doctors, who reported on his progress.

After three days of staying awake, he began to show signs of his mental breakdown. He laughed at things that were not funny, and wept（哭泣） at things that were not sad. Complaining of pressure caused by a hat on his head, he tried repeatedly to take it off. Tripp, of course, was not wearing a hat.

On the fifth day he cried out that a doctor's jacket looked like crawling worms. Then he imagined he was in another city; he tried to run away from the building, insisting it was on fire; and he thought the 200-hour mark had been passed but that the doctors were still trying to keep the experiment going. After 200 hours without sleep, Tripp, said the doctors, was “suffering from mental illness.” He was nearly mad.

Hardly able to stand, Tripp was helped across the street to a room in a hotel. There, after being awake for 201 hours and thirteen minutes, he fell asleep. The doctors predicted（预言） he would sleep for twenty or thirty hours. “Peter Tripp will sleep the deepest sleep in history”, said the doctors. Tripp slept all right----for nine hours and eleven minutes. When he awoke, his first words were: “I feel fine.” After a medical check, his greatly surprised watchers said that he was sound and well.

1．The best title for this passage is _______.

A．Sleeplessness

B．Danger to Health

C．Test of Strength to Health of Body and Mind

D．A Man Who Didn't Sleep for Over 200 Hours

2．What is the main idea of the passage?

A．There is little danger when human beings are not allowed to sleep for long periods of time.

B．Going without sleep for a long period will cause bad effects.

C．After 200 hours without sleep Tripp was suffering from “mental illness”.

D．The doctors predicted Tripp would sleep for twenty or thirty hours.

3．Tripp started to show signs of his mental breakdown ______.

A．when his third day of staying awake came to an end

B．when he was not allowed to sleep for 5 days

C．at the end of the experiment

D．after 201 hours and 13 minutes without sleep

4．The doctors were greatly surprised because Tripp ______.

A．could not fall asleep B．slept the deepest in history

C．slept for thirty hours D．slept for a relatively short time

5．From the passage we can draw the conclusion that long periods of sleeplessness ______.

A．may produce lasting harm to the brain

B．may produce a loss of cheerfulness forever

C．may not produce lasting damage

D．may produce some serious after-effects

CBADC

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Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(痴呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones(荷尔蒙) , U.S. reseachers reported on Thursday.

Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer’s(早老痴呆症). University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.

“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy(怀孕) are protecting the brain, including estrogen(雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保护神经的) effects,” Kinsley said.

“It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,” he added in a telephone interview. “They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”

Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer’s and other forms of age-related brain decline.

“When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,” said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.

“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations(改变) to the brain.”

1. How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”?

A. Some researchers have told them.

B. Many women say so.

C. They know it by experimenting on rats.

D. They know it through their own experience.

2. What does the phrase “litters of pups” mean in the second paragraph?

A. Baby rats. B. Animals. C. Old rats. D. Grown-up rats.

3. What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage?

A. Estrogen. B. The hormones of pregnancy.

C. More exercise. D. Taking care of children.

4. “It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.” What does the sentence suggest?

A. The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans.

B. The experiments on the rats are very important for animals.

C. The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.

D. The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.

5. Which title is the best for this passage?

A. Do You Want to Be Smarter?

B. Motherhood Makes Women Smarter

C. Mysterious Hormones

D. An Important Study

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely 36 from all other animals. Language is a means of 37 , but it is much more than that. Many animals can 38 . The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers 39 other members of the hive (蜂群). But human language permits communication about anything, 40 things like unicorns (独角兽) that have never existed. The key 41 in the fact that different words can be 42 together in different ways, according to 43 to communicate different meanings.

Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing can 44 humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract 45 , whether about the university, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an extremely complex 46 that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most 47 of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to 48 . The speaker has to translate thoughts into 49 language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the 50 of speech is extremely fast. Only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to 51 what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to 52 the spoken words, understand the pattern of 53 of the words (sentences), and finally 54 the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But once started, it is of course a(n) 55 process.

1.A. apart B. off C. up D. down

2.A. advertisement B. communication C. discovery D. invention

3.A. transfer B. move C. convey D. communicate

4.A. to B. from C. over D. on

5.A. only B. almost C. even D. just

6.A. stays B. situates C. hides D. lies

7.A. stuck B. joined C. rung D. controlled

8.A. rules B. scales C. laws D. standards

9.A. combine B. contain C. define D. declare

10.A. activities B. thoughts C. effects D. chances

11.A. expectation B. progress C. process D. produce

12.A. aspects B. abstracts C. angles D. assumptions

13.A. anybody B. another C. other D. everybody

14.A. body B. gesture C. written D. spoken

15.A. growing B. fixing C. beginning D. building

16.A. put out B. take down C. draw up D. figure out

17.A. identify B. locate C. reveal D. discover

18.A. performance B. organization C. design D. show

19.A. regulate B. justify C. release D. interpret

20.A. slow B. interesting C. continuous D. serious

假定英语课上英语老师要求同桌之间互相修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在该词下面写出该加的词。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词。

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

3. 修改格式错误不得分。

The main purpose of newspapers is to provide news. If you examine newspapers closely, you would find that there are all sort of news: accidents, floods, fires, wars, sports, books, etc. The news cover everything what happens to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there are news items which are very interested. A news report is usual very short, except for when it is very important, but it has a lot of information. It is also writing in short paragraphs. The first paragraph is in fact summary of the news items. He gives all the necessary information, what, when, where, how, and why.

I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “ full of years”, as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence(吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.

At the first home, the son of the deceased(已故的)woman said to me, “ If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “ If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today.. that long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”

You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course—keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation—would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?

There are seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens that leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.

The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens , especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believe that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.

A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him , and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.

1.What is said about the two diseased elderly women?

A．They lived out a natural life

B．They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride

C．They weren’t used to the change in weather.

D．They died due to lack of care by family members.

2.The author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because ______.

A．he wanted to comfort the two families

B．he was an official from the community

C．he had great pity for the deceased

D．he was minister of the local church

3.People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because _____.

A．they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow

B．they believe that they were responsible

C．they had neglected the natural course of events

D．they didn’t know things often turn in the opposite direction

4.According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that_____.

A．everything in the world is predetermined

B．the world can be interpreted in different ways

C．there is an explanation for everything in the world

D．we have to be sensible in order to understand the world

5.What’s the idea of the passage?

A．Life and death is an unsolved mystery.

B．Every story should have a happy ending.

C．Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault.

D．In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you are hungry, what do you do? Have your favorite meal and stay quiet after that? 1 But it never lets you know, because you keep it busy thinking about your friends or favorite stars．So it silently serves your needs and never lets itself grow．When mind loses its freedom to grow, creativity gets a full stop．This might be the reason why we all sometimes think "What happens next?", "Why can't I think?"

2 Why reading but not watching TV? It is because reading has been the most educative tool used by us right from childhood．Since it develops other aspects of our life, we have to get help from reading．

Once you read a book, you run your eyes through the lines and your mind tries to explain something to you． 3 Now this seed is unknowingly used by you to develop new ideas．If it is used many times, the same seed can give you great help to relate a lot of things which you would have never thought of in your wildest dreams!

This is nothing but creativity． 4 Within no time you can start talking with your friends in English or any other language and never run out of the right words．

So guys, do give food for your thoughts by reading, reading and more reading． 5 Go and get a book!

A．The interesting part of the book is stored in your mind as a seed．

B．Why not do some reading while you are hungry?

C．Just like your stomach, your mind is also hungry．

D．Now what are you waiting for?

E．Hunger of the mind can be actually solved through wide reading．

F．Reading can help you make more friends, too．

G．Also this makes a significant contribution to your vocabulary．

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