【题目】You probably don’t know as much as you think you do. When put to the test, most people find they can’t explain the workings of everyday things they think they understand. Don’t believe me? Find an object you use daily (an ear phone, a toilet, a stereo speaker) and try to describe how it works. 【1】 We call this phenomenon the illusion of explanatory depth(解释性深度错觉). It means you think you fully understand something that you actually don’t.

We see this every day in buzzwords (流行语). Though we often use them, their meanings are usually unclear. 【2】

Several years ago, I attended a meeting where the president spoke about global business practice in the coming year. During the talk, people around the room nodded in agreement. Afterwards, though, many of them discussed how to manage global business practice, none of the people who had nodded in agreement could exactly describe what it actually meant.

No matter what job you do, discovering your gaps in knowledge is necessary. An unknown gap means you might not fully understand a problem. 【3】

To discover the things you can’t explain, take a lesson from teachers. When you guide someone else, you have to fill the gaps in your own knowledge. But you don’t need to teach someone else. Explain concepts to yourself as you learn them. Get in the habit of self-teaching. Involve others in learning together. 【4】 Ask them to explain difficult concepts, even if you think everyone understands them. Not only will this help you to work through new ideas, but it will occasionally uncover places where your friends don’t understand the explanations.

【5】 They can help you have a better understanding of problems.

A. An active learner usually puts it into reality.

B. That can prevent you from solving the problem properly.

C. Your explanations can’t show your own knowledge gaps.

D. Help recognize the knowledge gaps of the people around you.

E. You’re likely to discover unexpected gaps in your knowledge.

F. They cover gaps in our knowledge, serving concepts we don’t fully understand.

G. When you do uncover these gaps, treat them as learning opportunities, not signs of weakness.

【题目】Chocolate has come a long way through history, and one of the reasons is the Ferrero family, the creators of the world-famous Ferrero Rocher chocolate treatsThe history of this family business starts back in the 1940s, when Pietro Ferrero and his wife, Piera, transformed a pastry shop into a factoryThere, Pietro and his son, Michele, let their creativity lead them to form the building blocks of the companyEventually, Michele took over the operation and set his sights on making the best products possible.

Michele’s efforts paid offHe turned his father’s creations into globally sold and consumed productsOne of their most successful products, Nutella, had become a staple food in many homesThe third generation now runs the companyMichele’s sons, Pietro and Giovanni worked side by side as managing directors for ten years until an accident resulting in Pietro’ deathStill inspired by his family and their hard work and determination, Giovanni is guiding Ferrero into the future.

While staying true to the Ferrero motto of “work, create, and donate”, he is making sure his family’s business is an example of success in the past, present, and future.

[写作内容]

1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

2.以约120个词谈谈Ferrero及其家人成功制作巧克力对你的启迪,内容包括:

1)描述人们创业的艰辛。

2)分析人们创业成功的原因。

3Ferrero及其家人成功制作巧克力对你的启迪。

[写作要求]

1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,语篇连贯。

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