题目内容

 “Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.

　　In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with（设法处理） the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.

　　Stress that you can manage may also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that's the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.

　　Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones（荷尔蒙）. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.

“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity(长寿), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”

1. The passage is mainly about ________.

A. the benefits of manageable stress

B. how to avoid stressful situations

C. how to cope with stress effectively

D. the effects of stress hormones on memory

2. The underlined word “shun” (Line 1, Para.1) most probably means________.

A. cut down on

B. stay away from

C. run out of

D. put up with

3. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that ________.

A. people under stress tend to have a poor memory

B. people who can’t get their job done experience more stress

C. doing challenging work may be good for one’s health

D. stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs

4. Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that ________.

A. a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body

B. stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain

C. short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function

D. a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress

【小题1】A

【小题2】B

【小题3】C

【小题4】C

【小题5】

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第二节：书面表达（满分25分）

61. 你是一名高三年级学生，在即将毕业离校之际，请你用英文给你所喜爱的一个老师写一篇毕业留言。

要求：

简要表述老师在你心目中的印象；

用一到两个相关事例进行具体描述；

对老师表示美好的祝愿。

4.    词数：不少于100词。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society. Researchers in the United States studied one hundred thousand women during an eight-year period, beginning in nineteen ninety-four. All of the women were fifty years of age or older. The study was part of the Women’s Health Initiative organized by the National Institutes of Health.

The women were asked questions that measured their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers identified each woman’s personality eight years after gathering the information.

The study found that hopeful individuals were fourteen percent less likely than other women to have died from any cause. The hopeful women were also thirty percent less likely to have died from heart disease after the eight years.

Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life.

The researchers also gathered information about people’s education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things, the findings still showed that optimists had less of a chance of dying during the eight-year period.

Some women who answered the questions were found to be cynically hostile, or highly untrusting of others. These women were sixteen percent more likely to die than the others. They also were twenty-three percent more likely to die of cancer.

The study also found that women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes. They were also more likely not to exercise.

Professor Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a person’s physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research.

1. What’s the purpose of carrying out the study?

A. To gather information for the National Institutes of Health.

B. To find out the relationship between women’s personality and their health.

C. To decide who is more likely to enjoy happier life.

D. To identify each woman’s personality 8 years after gathering the information.

2. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. It’s uncertain whether optimism affects a person’s physical health.

B. Negative emotions do cause shorter life.

C. The connection between personality and health has been established.

D. The more optimistic you are, the longer life you may enjoy.

3. According to the passage, who is more likely to die of cancer?

A. A woman who has high blood pressure or diabetes.

B. A woman who doesn’t exercise.

C. A woman who has poor physical health.

D. A woman who always doubts what others say.

4. Which of the following is true?

A. American Psychosomatic Society organized the new study.

B. Women who were optimistic were less likely to smoke.

C. More questions were given than those measuring women’s beliefs or ideas.

D. Hopeful women were 16% less likely to die from heart disease.

That is ___ I want to say.

A. all   B. that   C.what that   D. which

---What do you think of our design for the new car?

   ---Pretty good. But I find theirs is _____ worth considering and study.

   A. more       B. very      C. better       D. well

We finally managed to make the villagers _____ of the value of science.

  A. to convince         B. convincing       C. convince           D. convinced

---  They live on a busy road．   

---  There ______ be a lot of noise from the traffic．

       A．must            B．may           C．would          D．could

 I must go now. _____, if you want that book I'll bring it next time.

   A. Incidentally    B. Accidentally

   C. Occasionally    D. Subsequently

 

．After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced___ in 2001 as the year before．

A．as twice many machines           B．twice as many machines

C．as many machines twice           D．twice many machines

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