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Spokesman has_____that there is no Chinese crew on the ship hijacked by Somali pirates.

A．confirmedB．provedC．confusedD．refused

A

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Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Iceland's volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway.

WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask.

Other experts, however, weren't convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples' health and said WHO's warnings were "hysterical." They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say.

"Not all particles are created equal," said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, "In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful." And he said most Europeans' exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk.

Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. "The cloud has already passed over northern Scotland and we haven't heard of any ill effects there," he said. Spiro said to wear masks or stay indoors to avoid volcanic ash was "over the top" and "a bit hysterical."

1. The text is mainly about         .

A. the effect of volcanic ash  

 B. the health risk of volcanic ash

 C. the disadvantages of volcanic ash

D. the opinions on health risk of volcanic ash

2. Which one is true according to Paragraph3?

A. The volcanic ash’s effects on Europeans were little.

B. The ash caused irritation even in healthy people.

 C. Other experts thought WTO’S warnings were useful.

D. The volcanic ash was more dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution.

3. The underlined word “hysterical” in Paragraph4 most probably means        .

A. amazing          B. practical        C. valuable            D. overstated

4. What can we learn from the passage?

    A. The volcanic ash wouldn’t be harmful to people.

B. All experts thought the volcanic ash did great harm to our health.

C. People close to the volcano would likely be at risk according to some experts.   

D. Europeans should stay indoors because Iceland's volcano starts settling.

 

H5N1 avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu (流感), has killed at least 15 people across Asia and was proved in China on January 27. No human cases have been found in the main­land, but 13 of the country’s 31 provinces have reported the disease in poultry.

The Chinese government has taken measures to prevent and control the disease. Poultry within 3 km of infected (受感染的) farms is to be killed and those within 5 km vaccinated (接种疫苗). At the same time, there will be continuous monitoring and daily reports on the disease across the country, and in­creased production of bird flu vaccines.

Among the 11 Asian countries and regions having bird flu in animals, only Vietnam and Thailand have reported human cases. The people infected were reported to have caught the disease from poultry.

While the World Health Organization ( WHO) says there is “no proof (证据) of human-to-human infection (传染)” of bird flu, the big fear is that the disease could combine with a human flu virus (病毒) to produce a deadly new disease that will kill millions of people across the world. Many Asian farmers live closely with their animals and sell live chickens in the market. This greatly increases the chance of humans being infected with bird flu.

A spokesman of the WHO said that Asian countries having bird flu should introduce a more healthy way of raising and selling chickens. The people there have to completely change their way of life and manners towards animals. Here are some safety measures for people to stay healthy;

*   Keep fit through usual exercise;

*   Avoid infected poultry and infected people;

*   Avoid eating uncooked or under-done poultry and eggs;

*   Make sure there is always fresh air in your home;

*   Cover your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing;

*   Wash your hands as often as possible.

1.What does the underlined word “poultry” mean?

A. Wild birds.

B. Wild animals.

C. Home-raised birds.

D. Home-raised animals.

2.From the passage, we learn that __________.

A. infected poultry within 3 km was killed in China

B. the first bird flu case was proved in China on Jan. 27

C. human infected cases were found in 11 Asian countries

D. over two thirds of China have been affected by the bird flu

3. What do people fear most?

A. Poultry will infect many people.

B. There will be human-to-human infection.

C. The disease can spread quickly among people.

D. A new disease combining bird flu and a human flu will break out.

4.

 

John Milton was born in 1606. his father expected him to enter the church of England, but Milton wanted to be a poet. At twenty-nine Milton set off for a travel on the continent. He traveled in France, Switzerland and Italy, winning the friendship of many artists and scientists, including Galileo, the famous Italian scientist who suffered for his discovery in prison. In 1639, he was planning to go on this journey when the news reached him of the break between the king and Parliament(国会). Milton returned to England immediately, and put himself into the struggle against the king, for which he had long been prepared. During the Civil war, Milton worked as the spokesman of the revolution. By the beginning of 1652, Milton had become completely blind, yet he didn’t stop fighting. After the Restoration(复辟), his books were burnt, and he himself avoided being killed because of his blindness.

John Milton was not only a brave revolutionary but also a great poet. His famous poem Paradise Lost(失乐园) was an immediate success. But, for its publication (being published), Milton received only 18 pounds. He died in 1671.

1.Milton set off for a travel on the continent here “continent” means ________.

A. Asia      B. Europe       C. America    D. Africa

2.It was ______ who was put in prison in Italy.

   A. Milton    B. the king    C. Galileo      D. Milton’s father

3.Milton would have been killed if ________________.

   A. he had been the spokesman of the revolution

   B. his books hadn’t been burnt

   C. he hadn’t written the poem Paradise Lost

   D. he hadn’t been completely blind

4.Which of the following sentences is TRUE?

   A. John Milton was an ordinary poet, who wasn’t interested in politics.

   B. John Milton spent many years traveling around the world.

   C. John Milton wrote the poem Paradise Lost, which was liked by the King.

   D. John Milton was a fearless revolutionary and a famous poet.

 

Most of the news in the newspapers is bad but sometimes there is a story with good news. This is one of those stories. Millions of people around the world suffer from AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and other serious diseases. There are medicines to treat these diseases but for people in poor countries, these medicines are too expensive to buy. When a pharmaceutical（制药的）company produces a new medicine, they receive a special license called a patent. This license means that the new medicine or drug is protected for a period of 20 years. The company that produced the drug can fix the price of the drug and no other company is allowed to produce the same drug or a copy of the drug for 20 years. At the moment, these patents operate all over the world, both in rich countries and in poor countries. The drugs companies say that they need patents so that they can get the money to pay for research to find new drugs and medicines. In rich countries people usually have enough money to pay for these drugs but in poor countries people can’t afford to buy them and cannot treat diseases like AIDS and malaria.

Last month, however, a group of experts published a report which says that patents are very bad for poor countries. The report says that drug companies do not want to find new medicines for diseases of poor people in poor countries. It says that poor countries should be allowed to buy cheap drugs without patents from other countries.

The authors of the report were lawyers, scientists and a senior director from the drug company Pfizer. Of course, the pharmaceuticals industry doesn’t agree with the report, “We need patents so that we can develop new medicines to fight disease both in the developed and developing world,” said a spokesman. But the report is the first sign that there might be a change in the patent system. This change could save millions of lives in the world’s poorest countries. This really is good news.

1. Why are medicines expensive for people in poor countries?

A．They are protected by patents.

B．They are produced in rich countries.

C．They are imported.

D．They can cure the deadly diseases.

2. What does the underlined word “patent” in Para1 mean in Chinese?

A．执照

B．专利权

C．专利品

D．商标

3.Why do drugs companies need patents?

A．To sell drugs in rich countries.

B．To sell drugs in poor countries.

C．To get money to produce new drugs.

D．To compete with other companies.

4. What does the report say?

A．Poor countries should spend more money on drugs.

B．Poor countries shouldn’t obey a pharmaceutical patent.

C．Poor countries should import drugs.

D．Poor countries should be allowed to make copies of drugs.

5.What might happen if the patent system is changed?

A．Millions of lives will be saved in poor countries.

B．Drugs companies will stop producing drugs.

C．Drug companies will make more money.

D．The competition will be canceled.

 

 

Earlier on Monday, Obama's spokesman said Washington _________ Karzai as the legal leader of Afghanistan and would continue talks with him.

A concerned       B commanded              C rewarded               D recognized

 

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