Dr. Hans Selye is leading expert on stress who has been doing research in this field for more than 40 years.A.the; theB.the;／C.a; ／D.a; the 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

For several years, scientists have been testing a substance called interferon(干扰素), a possible wonder drug that is proving to be effective in treating a variety of diseases, including virus infections, bacterial infections, and cancers. To date, the new drug has no side effect of great influence to discourage its use. But in spite of its success, last year only one gram was produced in the entire world.

The reason for the shortage lies in the structure of interferon. A special protein, the interferon produced from one animal species cannot be used in treating another animal species. In other words, to treat human beings, only interferon produced by human beings may be used. The drug is produced by infecting white blood cells with a virus. Fortunately, it is so effective that the amount given to each patient each time is very small.

Unlike antibiotics (抗生素), interferon does not attack germs directly. Instead, it protects healthy cells from being infected, and prevents the reproduction of viruses within cells.

As you might conclude, one of the most special uses of interferon has been in the treatment of cancer. Dr. Hans Strander, a research physician at Sweden’s famous Karolinska Institute, has treated more than one hundred cancer patients with the new drug. Among a group of selected patients who had received operations for advanced cancer, half were given traditional treatments and the other half were given interferon. Among those treated with interferon 70 percent of them remained alive over three years, as compared with only 10 to 30 percent among those who had received the traditional treatments.

In the United States, a large-scale project supported by the American Cancer Society is now under way. If the experiment were successful, interferon could become one of the greatest medical discoveries of our time.

What is the difference between antibiotics and interferon?

A. Interferon has serious side effects, while antibiotics do not.

B. Antibiotics kill germs by attacking them directly, while interferon does not.

C. Antibiotics are very effective, while the effect of interferon is limited.

D. They are different in structure, although they are both proteins.

According to the passage, if 170 cancer patients received interferon treatment, how many of them would remain alive over three years?

A. About 30.

B. About 50.

C. About 120.

D. About 70.

The passage tells us that ________.

A. it is difficult to produce interferon in large quantities because of its special structure.

B. interferon is produced widely in lots of countries.

C. few of the patients who had received traditional treatments remained alive.

D. most of the patients who received interferon also needed traditional treatments.

LONDON (Reuters) — Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which launched a global campaign on Thursday to promote more research into child medicine.
More than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters.
The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.
In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（儿科的疗法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones.
As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose.
Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.
“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for children’s use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agency’s director of medicines policy and standards.
Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.
The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.
Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.
As a result, research-based drug companies have been wary of developing child-friendly medicines and general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.
In an attempt to deal with the issue, both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for drugs that have been tested on children.
【小题1】Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．A Global Campaign to Promote Research into AIDS Medicine

B．WHO Says Children are Dying for Lack of Child-sized Drugs

C．Many People are Concerned about Children’s Drugs

D．Measures Taken to Develop Child-friendly Medicine Quickly

【小题2】Which of the following medicine is not needed to be adapted to children’s need according to the passage?

A．Pain killers.	B．Tuberculosis.
C．AID pills.	D．Flu pills.

【小题3】Why has testing medicines on children always been a controversial issue?

A．It is against good ethical practice

B．Children shouldn’t take part in clinical trials.

C．It is hard to get informed agreement from children tested.

D．Parents don’t allow their children to be tested on medicine.

【小题4】The underlined word “wary” in the last but one paragraph means _________.

【小题5】What can be inferred from the passage?

A．There is still a long way to go on children’s medicine.

B．An Internet entrance is being built to link to clinical trials carried out in children.

C．Both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for children’s drugs.

D．Less than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters

LONDON (Reuters) — Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which launched a global campaign on Thursday to promote more research into child medicine.
More than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters.
The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.
In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（儿科的疗法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones.
As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose.
Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.
“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for children’s use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agency’s director of medicines policy and standards.
Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.
The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.
Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.
As a result, research-based drug companies have been wary of developing child-friendly medicines and general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.
In an attempt to deal with the issue, both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for drugs that have been tested on children.
【小题1】Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．A Global Campaign to Promote Research into AIDS Medicine

B．WHO Says Children are Dying for Lack of Child-sized Drugs

C．Many People are Concerned about Children’s Drugs

D．Measures Taken to Develop Child-friendly Medicine Quickly

【小题2】Which of the following medicine is not needed to be adapted to children’s need according to the passage?

【小题3】Why has testing medicines on children always been a controversial issue?

A．It is against good ethical practice

B．Children shouldn’t take part in clinical trials.

C．It is hard to get informed agreement from children tested.

D．Parents don’t allow their children to be tested on medicine.

【小题4】The underlined word “wary” in the last but one paragraph means _________.

【小题5】What can be inferred from the passage?

A．There is still a long way to go on children’s medicine.

B．An Internet entrance is being built to link to clinical trials carried out in children.

C．Both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for children’s drugs.

D．Less than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters

LONDON (Reuters) — Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which launched a global campaign on Thursday to promote more research into child medicine.

More than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters.

The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.

In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（儿科的疗法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones.

As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose.

Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.

“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for children’s use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agency’s director of medicines policy and standards.

Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.

Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.

As a result, research-based drug companies have been wary of developing child-friendly medicines and general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.

In an attempt to deal with the issue, both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for drugs that have been tested on children.

1.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. A Global Campaign to Promote Research into AIDS Medicine

B. WHO Says Children are Dying for Lack of Child-sized Drugs

C. Many People are Concerned about Children’s Drugs

D. Measures Taken to Develop Child-friendly Medicine Quickly

2.Which of the following medicine is not needed to be adapted to children’s need according to the passage?

A. Pain killers. B. Tuberculosis. C. AID pills. D. Flu pills.

3.Why has testing medicines on children always been a controversial issue?

A. It is against good ethical practice

B. Children shouldn’t take part in clinical trials.

C. It is hard to get informed agreement from children tested.

D. Parents don’t allow their children to be tested on medicine.

4.The underlined word “wary” in the last but one paragraph means _________.

A. fast B. fond C. cautious D. uninterested

5.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. There is still a long way to go on children’s medicine.

B. An Internet entrance is being built to link to clinical trials carried out in children.

C. Both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for adults’ drugs.

D. Less than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters