题目内容
India’s mobile users were 563.73 million at the last count, enough to serve nearly half of the country’s population.
But just 366 million people—around a third of the population—had access to proper sanitation(卫生设施；下水道设施), said the study published by the UN University, a UN think tank.
“It is a tragic irony(讽刺) to think in India, a country now wealthy enough that about half of the people own phones, so many people cannot afford the basic necessity and quality of a toilet,” said UN University director Zafar Adeel.
Adeel heads the UN University’s Institute for Water, Environment and Health, based in the Canadian city of Hamilton, which prepared the report.
Worldwide, an estimated 358 billion dollars is needed between now and 2015 to achieve the UN Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of halving the proportion (比例) of people with poor sanitation from 2000 levels.
“Proper sanitation could do more to save lives, especially those of young people, improve health and help pull India and other countries in similar conditions out of poverty than any other investment (投资),” Adeel said.
Poor sanitation is a major contributor to water-borne diseases, which in the past three years alone killed an estimated 4.5 million children under the age of five worldwide, according to the study.
“The report gave a rough cost of 300 dollars to build a toilet, including labor, materials and advice. The world could expect a return of up to 34 dollars for every dollar spent on sanitation through improved productivity and reduced poverty and health costs,” said Adeel. He said improving sanitation was “an economic and humanitarian opportunity of historic proportions”.
60. The population of India is ________.
A. less than 1 billion B. about 1.2 billion
C. about 900 million D. about 800 million
61. Improving sanitation can play an important role in the following EXCEPT _______.
A. improving the quality of mobiles
B. saving lives of young people
C. pulling developing countries out of poverty
D. preventing water-borne diseases
62. The underlined word “rough” probably means ________.
A. exact B. approximate C. wild D. unpleasant
63. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Indians are so poor that they can’t afford to build toilets.
B. Zafar Adeel is the president of the UN University.
C. Zafar Adeel isn’t satisfied with the toilet situation in India.
D. All people will have access to proper sanitation in 2015.
DBCC
黄冈创优卷系列答案Rhinos(犀牛) are big and can be dangerous. They are also shy and seldom seen. Once there were hundreds of rhino species, but today there are only five. One ancient rhino called Indricotherium was the largest land mammal that ever lived. It was 5m high at the shoulders, and 8.5m long— twice the size of today’s biggest elephant! The living rhinos are still big, averaging 2-3m long and weighing up to 3,600kg.
To see all five species of living rhino you would need to do a bit of exploring. First you might visit Africa for a look at the white rhino and the black rhino. They live in Africa’s dry woodlands and grasslands. Then you could head to India and Nepal for a look at the Indian rhino. It lives in the high grasslands near rivers, where you have to ride an elephant to find one. Finally you might travel to the rainforests on the islands of Indonesia to see the Sumatran and Javan rhinos. These are the smallest and rarest rhinos in the world and extremely difficult to find.
Most rhinos are gentle and timid (胆小的).They have a bad reputation for being very aggressive, but that may be partly because they get frightened easily. Also, they have poor eyesight. They rely on their strong sense of smell to tell them a stranger is approaching, but if the wind is blowing the wrong way, they may not know someone is there until it’s too late.
Rhinos can be found only in their habitats, which is why habitat destruction has caused rhino populations to decline. As they disappear from certain places, their absence leads to many changes to the landscape. For example, black rhinos in Africa only eat shrubs (灌木) and small trees, pruning (修剪) the plants and limiting their growth. Many other species benefit from this, and as rhinos disappear, so do many other animals sharing their habitat. Bushes and trees take over the land and force species like the antelope to leave in search of food. In a short time the whole habitat has changed.
1. From the text we learn that ______.
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A．rhinos are all big and dangerous |
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B．rhino numbers have declined greatly |
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C．rhinos are twice as large as elephants |
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D．Indricotherium is the world’s biggest living animal now |
2. The white rhino can be found in______.
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A．Indonesia’s island |
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B．Nepal’s high grasslands |
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C．Africa’s dry woodlands and grasslands |
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D．India’s high grasslands near rivers |
3. What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?
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A．Most rhinos live alone. |
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B．Rhinos are disappearing from their habitats. |
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C．The five rhino species are all different in colour. |
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D．Rhinos’ habitat ranges from rainforests to grasslands. |
4. The underlined word “aggressive” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by_____.
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A．energetic |
B．attractive |
C．useless |
D．fierce |
5. The example of the black rhinos in the last paragraph is mainly to show that_____.
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A．rhinos only eat plants |
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B．all rhinos are endangered |
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C．all the habitat of rhinos has been damaged |
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D．the disappearance of rhinos has led to habitat change |
信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请阅读下面应用文和相关信息，按照要求进行匹配，并在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。 （选 E 涂AB, 选 F 涂CD）
以下是旅游景点的信息：
A. Agra Fort 
Near the gardens of the Taj Mahal stands the important 16th-century Mughal monument known as the Red Fort of Agra. This powerful fortress of red sandstone encompasses, within its 2.5-km-long enclosure walls, the imperial city of the Mughal rulers. It comprises many fairy-tale palaces, such as the Jahangir Palace and the Khas Mahal, built by Shah Jahan; audience halls, such as the Diwan-i-Khas; and two very beautiful mosques.
B. Taj Mahal 
Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. It was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees.
C. Keoladeo National Park 
This former duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajas is one of the major wintering areas for large numbers of aquatic birds from Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, China and Siberia. Some 364 species of birds, including the rare Siberian crane, have been recorded in the park.
This tomb, built in 1570, is of particular cultural significance as it was the first garden-tomb on the Indian subcontinent. It inspired several major architectural innovations, culminating in the construction of the Taj Mahal. The gardens also contain the red-and-white sandstone and black-and-yellow marble tomb of Humayun’s wife and the tomb of Humayun’s barber.
E. Grand Canyon National Park 
The Grand Canyon is perhaps the most awesome sight in the United States--and one of the wonders of the world. Much of the park’s beauty is related to its geology and ecology. Schmidt explores the shape of the land, its plants and animals, and its human history. A fascinating book that everyone visiting the Grand Canyon should read. The Skywalk at Grand Canyon West is really exciting.
The Sundarbans covers 10,000 sq. km of land and water (more than half of it in India, the rest in Bangladesh) in the Ganges delta. It contains the world’s largest area of mangrove forests. A number of rare or endangered species live in the park, including tigers, aquatic mammals, birds and reptiles.
请阅读以下旅游者的信息，然后匹配旅游者和他/她拟旅游的景点。
1. Carina is fond of art and likes travelling very much. In order to take part in the following exhibition, she wants to take some photos of birds from all over the world, especially the rare Siberian crane. In the meanwhile, she doesn’t want to spend too much money.
2. Daisy’s major is biology. She is interested in studies of tigers in India. Before graduation, she needs to write an essay on the tiger. She hears that it is one of the largest tiger populations of any of India’s parks. And so she wants to go there to do some research.
48. Alexander is a college student of Physics. He learns that this canyon is a gift from past generations that goes beyond what we experience. He is looking forward to going there and experiencing the Skywalk in the park.
3.Sammy majors in history. He will visit it again this summer. He says it’s built entirely of white Marble and is one of the eight wonders of the world. Its beauty is beyond description, particularly at dawn and sunset. It seems to glow in the light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience it as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river
4. Nancy comes from the history department. Last summer she visited the ancient markets of Agra and this year she wants to visit it again. Not long ago she said: “Arriving at the Delhi airport, we representatives were warmly received. Our tiredness flew in seconds by the traditional welcome that we got at the hotel’s reception.” The next day they visited the famous tomb.