If California were not already so famous for Sillicon Valley and Hollywood, it might be well-known for the groups of water-technology firms in its San Diego County. The reverse-osmosis (RO) spiral mod 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

If California were not already so famous for Sillicon Valley(硅谷) and Hollywood, it might be well－known for the groups of water－technology firms in its San Diego County. The reverse－osmosis (RO) spiral module, the technique that supports turning seawater and waste－water into drinkable stuff, began in San Diego in 1964. Today dozens of firms in the area supply many of the world's approximately 13，000 RO plants in places from the Persian Gulf and Israel to Australia and China.
Southern California itself, however, has not so far been a big user of its own technology. This is surprising, given that the whole American south－west faces a water problem. But now as the climate gets warmer and the population increases, there is more agreement that the existing infrastructure, consisting of vast pipes that carry water from the Sacramento Delta in the north and the Colorado River in the east, will not be enough. In places such as San Diego, which has inadequate and salty groundwater and currently imports 90% or its water, the answers must be greater conservation, reusing as much water as possible, and getting most of the rest from the sea.
The first part, conservation, has been widely accepted by the public. San Diego today uses less water with a larger population than it did in 1989, the year water consumption peaked. The second part, water recycling has been a hard sell, because of an unpleasant factor. Americans still use the term “toilet－to－tap” for recycling, even though properly treated waste－water is nowadays completely clean. Singapore made its programme acceptable in part by renaming it as NEWater.
This is where desalination comes in, which means taking the salt out of salt water. A firm called Poseidon Resources is now close to building the biggest desalination plant in America behind a power station by the beach in Carlsbad. The power plant sucks in 304m gallons of seawater a day for cooling, so Poseidon plans to change 104m gallons a day by using the RO spiral module.
Lots of people like the idea. Once fully running in 2015, the plant could produce 10% of the region's water. And there are plans for more desalination plants. Many places would need to take much less water from the endangered Colorado River. But a few people hate it a lot. Joe Geever, an expert in biology, says desalination uses too much energy and that Poseidon plant would kill too much sea life. He understands that there is a role for desalination, he says, but would rather not have it right there, right now, and on this scale.
【小题1】Which of the following is WRONG about the RO spiral module according to the passage?

A．This technology is not widely used in its birthplace.

B．Today there are about 13，000 RO plants in the Persian Gulf, Israel, Australia and China.

C．This technology can be used in desalination plants to make sea water drinkable.

D．It is a promising water treatment technology welcomed by a lot of people.

【小题2】How many solutions to the water problem in San Diego are mentioned in the article?

A．2.

B．3.

C．4.

D．5.

【小题3】What can we infer from the article?

A．The Colorado River is the main water source for California.

B．Americans still use the term “toilet－to－tap” for recycling water.

C．NEWater serves as a brand for recycled clean water in Singapore.

D．Poseidon Resources stands for the power station by the beach in Carlsbad.

【小题4】What is Joe Geever's attitude toward building a large desalination plant at present?

A．Supportive.

B．Negative.

C．Optimistic.

D．Vague.

【小题1】B
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】B

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My mother had to work to support our family. There were five girls in our family and we all had to 45 . Once when I was about seven, I came out of the 46 , “Mom, I can’t peel (削皮) potatoes. I only have one hand.”

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Of course I could peel potatoes with my good hand while holding them down with my other arm. There was always a 48 , and Mom knew it. “If you try hard 49 ,” she’d say, “You can do anything.”

Once in the second grade, our teacher had each of us race across the monkey bars (高低杠). When it was my turn, I 50 my head. Some kids 51 . I went home crying.

After work the next afternoon, Mom took me to the school play-ground.

“Now, pull up with your right arm,” she advised. She stood by as I practiced, and she 52 me when I made progress.

I’ll never forget the 53 time I was crossing the bars. The kids were standing there with their mouths open.

It was the way with everything. When I 54 I can’t handle (处理) things, I see Mom’s smile again. She had the heart to 55 anything. And she taught me I could, too.

41. A. missing B. broken C. diseased D. short

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Scientists studying the impact of climate change on the Arctic need to consider ways to reduce their own carbon footprints(碳排放量), says Ryan Brook, a researcher who regularly flies north to study the health of caribous(驯鹿).He calls on scientists to show leadership by examining and sharing ways to reduce the impact of working in polar regions.

“The importance of the research is not at question here. It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change. But we need to think about better approaches,” says Brook.

“This is an issue for all scientists, though polar researchers often travel particularly long distances using commercial air travel. We also rely extensively on small aircraft, icebreakers, and snowmobiles, all of which produce large amounts of carbon.”

Brook studies the health of caribou herds in Nunavut and Northwest Territories. He works with northern wildlife managers. This work typically takes him north five or six times per year and when he calculated his own carbon footprint, he was not happy with the result.

“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident. Basically, I have two footprints — my own personal life, which is moderate, and my research footprint.”

Climate scientists can rightly argue that Arctic research is a specialized field and the community of scientists who travel north is relatively small. Even if all scientists working in the north reduced their carbon emissions, it would not make a big impact on the global scale. For Brook, it’s the option that matters.

There are ways researchers can reduce the amount of carbon they use. Some helicopters use less fuel than others. Solar and wind power are alternatives to gas-fired generators. And while carbon offsets(抵消) don’t reduce the amount of carbon emitted, they are an easy first step.

“There aren’t necessarily any easy answers, but we need to start talking about it,” says Brook. “This is particularly important for the next generation of scientists being trained and I hope to see them become leaders in this issue.”

What did Brook find when he calculated his own carbon footprints?

A. His carbon footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.

B. His personal life footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident.

C. His research footprints are about the same as his personal life footprints.

D. His personal life footprints are more than his research footprints.

Brook’s opinion is challenged by the statement that .

A. arctic research is very important

B. the Arctic is a special environment

C. the footprints of Arctic scientists are small

D. Brook’s situation is a common phenomenon

We can infer from the last paragraph that .

A. we should take actions immediately instead of just talking

B. it’s easy to start talking about the problem of carbon emissions

C. it’s necessary now to pay attention to the problem of research footprints

D. the next generation of scientists are more interested in research footprints

What’s the main idea of the text?

A. The importance of arctic research is not at question.

B. Climate change becomes worse because of arctic research.

C. Brook suggests ways of reducing the use of carbon.

D. Scientists must look at their own carbon footprints.

根据所提供的语境，从方框中选择适当短语的正确形式填空，使句子完整。（其中有两个多余词）

refer to, be supposed to , be back on one’s feet, lack of, inform… of, speed up, make any difference, a variety of, put one’s hands on, break down,

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2. Take these tablets the doctor prescribed and you'll soon _______.

3. Don’t forget to __________ the director ________ the committee’s decision?

4.It’s most upset that you can’t ________________________it when you badly need some thing。

5. There were representatives from ______________ parts of the world at the conference.

6. It doesn’t ____________________________ to me where you come from.

7. Her health ________________________under the pressure of work.

8. If you don’t know what this means, _________________________the dictionary.

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The creation of a Chinese Green Card in 2004 was a milestone in the country’s immigration law. Five years on, the card is an increasingly sought-after document. On August 15, 2004, the Regulations on Examination and Approval of Permanent Residence

oAliens in China created a Green Card system granting qualified foreigners the right to live in

China permanently.

Liu Lili, who works in the Exit and Entry Administration of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, has watched the Green Card system develop since its inception. She said nearly all applications received by the Bureau are approved. So far, 323 people have been granted a “Green Card” qualifying them for permanent residence in Beijing. Another 15 are awaiting final approval. It takes around 6 months to process each application.

Of the 323 Green Card holders, 94 are wives or husbands of Chinese citizens; 50 are minors dependent on their parents; 20 are senior citizens returning to live with relatives; 114 are individuals who have made outstanding contributions or are of special importance to China (another 7 are their family members); and 23 are high-level foreign personnel who hold posts in businesses (another 15 are their family members).

Liu said the authorities had been granting residence to returning senior citizens for some time before the Green Card system was formally launched .The government has approved permanent residence for over 3,000 foreigners since the implementation of the Law on Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens which was adopted by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress in November 1985.

Four groups of people are eligible for permanent residence: high-level foreign personnel who hold posts in businesses that promote China’s economic, scientific and technological development or social progress; foreign citizens who make large direct investments in China; persons who have made outstanding contributions or are of special importance to China; and people who come to China to be with family, such as husbands and wives, minors dependent on their parents, and senior citizens dependent on their relatives.

Liu said that most applications she dealt with were from American citizens.

Why do overseas citizens apply for permanent residence status in China? The main concern, aid Liu, is the political factor. Once people have a “Green Card”, they feel they are accepted and trusted by the Chinese government. The “Green Card” also facilitates entry and exit. With permanent residence status, visas are no longer needed and people can enter and leave the country using only a valid passport. China offers outstanding career opportunities and is seen by many as safer and more secure than many other countries, said Liu.

Liu said that Green Card holders have the same rights and responsibilities as Chinese citizens. However the card is not equivalent to Chinese nationality and holders are not allowed to vote in elections, hold political office, or serve in the military.

Obtaining a Green Card is not easy. The qualifying conditions are tough. Unless you are a close relative of a Chinese citizen，you will either have to invest a substantial amount of money in the country or make a genuinely outstanding contribution to the country’s development.

To meet increasing demand, he authorities are considering making the Green Card more available by broadening the range of applicants without lowering the requirements, aid Liu, but she gave no further details.

Which of the following can’t get a green card?

A. A foreigner whose wife of husband is of Chinese nationality.

B. A foreign child whose parents are Chinese citizens.

C. A foreigner who invests large sum of money in China.

D. A foreigner who works in China for a long time.

If a foreign gets a Green Card in China, he /she_________.

A. has the right to vote in China. B. can be a high official in China

C. can enter or leave China without a visa D. becomes a citizen of Chinese nationality

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