阅读理解。

Our most commonly held code for success is broken. Conventional wisdom holds that if we work hard we will be more successful, and if we are more successful, then we’ll be happy. If we can just find that great job, win that next promotion, lose those five pounds, happiness will follow. But recent discoveries in the field of positive psychology have shown that this code is actually backward: Happiness fuels success, not the other way around. When we are positive, our brains become more engaged, creative, motivated, energetic, and productive at work. This discovery has been repeatedly borne out by rigid research in psychology and neuroscience(神经学), management studies, and the bottom lines of organizations around the globe.

In The Happiness Advantage, Shawn Achor, who spent over a decade living, researching, and lecturing at Harvard University, draws on his own research—including one of the largest studies of happiness and potential at Harvard and others at companies like UBS to fix this broken code. Using stories and case studies from his work with CEOs of Fortune 500 in 42 countries, Achor explains how we can reprogram our brains to become more positive in order to gain a competitive ability at work.

Based on seven practical, actionable principles that have been tried and tested everywhere from classrooms to boardrooms, stretching from Argentina to Zimbabwe, he shows us how we can capitalize on the Happiness Advantage to improve our performance and maximize our potential.

A must-read for everyone trying to stand out in a world of increasing workloads and stress, The Happiness Advantage isn’t only about how to become happier at work. It’s about how to acquire the benefits of a happier and more positive mode of thinking to achieve the extraordinary in our work and in our lives.

1. What do we know about the new discovery in paragraph 1?

A. Conventional code for success is totally useless.

B. The more we are successful, the happier we are.

C. Positive psychology is really backward.

D. Happiness contributes greatly to success.

2. Why did the writer write the book The Happiness Advantages?

A. To reprogram one’ s brain to be healthier.

B. To make people more positive and competitive.

C. To study stories and cases of CEOs.

D. To make a lecture at Harvard University.

3. The underlined phrase “capitalize on” in paragraph 3 is closes in meaning to ____

A. provide fund for

B. make full use of

C. write big letters for

D. stand out in

4. What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage?

A. To help people stand out in the world.

B. To arouse people’s sense of happiness.

C. To help people decrease the work stress.

D. To strongly recommend the book.

阅读理解。

The computer keyboard helped kill shorthand—a system of rapid handwriting, and now it’s threatening to finish off handwriting as a whole. When handwritten essays were introduced on the SAT exams for the class of 2012, just 15% of the most 1.5 million students wrote their answers in cursive(草写字母). The rest? Block letters.

And those college hopefuls are just the first edge of a wave of US students who no longer get much handwriting instructions in the primary grades, frequently 10 minutes a day or less. As a result, more and more students struggle to read and write cursive.

At Keene Mill Elementary School in Springfield, all their poems and stories are typed. Children in Fairfax County schools are taught keyboarding beginning in kindergarten. Ol der students who never mastered handwriting say it doesn’t affect their grades.

There are those who say the culture is at a crossing, turning from the written word to the typed one. If handwriting becomes a lost form of communication, does it matter?

It was at University Virginia that researchers recently discovered a previously unknown poem by Robert, written in his unique script. Handwritten documents are more valuable to researchers, historians say, because their authenticity(真实性) can be confirmed. Students also find them more fascinating.

The loss of handwriting also may be a cognitive(认知的) opportunity missed. Several academic studies have found that good handwriting skills at a young age can help children express their thoughts better—a lifelong benefit.

It doesn’t take much to teach better handwriting skills. At some schools in Prince George’s County, elementary school students use a program called Handwriting Without Tears for 15 minutes a day. They learn the correct formation of manuscript letters through second grade, and cursive letters in third grade.

There are always going to be some kids who struggle with handwriting because of their particular neurological(神经系统的) writing, learning issues or poor motor skills. Educators often point to this factor in support of keyboarding.

1. What is the author concerned about after 2012 Sat exams?

A. Keyboarding. B. Shorthand.

C. Handwriting. D. Block letters.

2. A poem by Robert mentioned in the passage is used to ____________.

A. prove how valuable handwriting is

B. explain what a famous poet he is

C. show how unique his poem is

D. stress how fascinating the documents are

3. The example of Handwriting Without Tears helps to argue that _____________.

A. the schools are responsible for the loss of handwriting

B. the loss of handwriting is a cognitive opport unity missed

C. it doesn’t take much to teach better handwriting skills

D. the culture is turning from the written word to the typed one

4. According to the author, when is a perfect time to learn handwriting?

A. Kindergarten. B. Primary school.

C. High school. D. College.

5. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?

A. Devotion. B. Encouragement.

C. Critical. D. Objective.

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21—40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

Studies have shown it takes a physician about 18 seconds to interrupt a patient after they begin talking.

It was Sunday. I had one last patient to see. I her room in a hurry and stood at the doorway. She was an older woman, sitting at the edge of the bed, to put socks on her swollen feet. I crossed the threshold(门槛), spoke to the nurse, and scanned her chart noting she was in stable condition. I was almost in the clear.

I leaned on the bedrail looking at her. She asked if I could help put on her socks.

____, I began a monologue that went something like this: “How are you feeling? Your sugars and blood pressure were high but they’re today. The nurse mentioned you’re anxious to see your who’s visiting you today. It’s nice to have a family visit from far away. I bet you really look forward to seeing him.”

Each story is . Some are detailed; others are vague. Some have a beginning, middle and end. Others wander without a clear . Some are true; others not. Yet all those things do not really . What matters to the storyteller is that the story is —without interruption, assumption or judgment.

Listening to someone’s story costs than expensive diagnostic testing but is key to healing and diagnosis.

I often thought of the woman taught me, and I reminded myself of the of stopping, sitting down and truly listening. And, not long after, in an unexpected , I became the patient, with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis(诊断为多发性硬化症)at age 31. Now, 20 years later, I sit all the time —in a wheelchair.

For I could, I continued to see patients from my chair, but I had to resign when my hands were . I still teach medical students and other health care professionals, but now from the perspective of and patient.

I tell them I believe in the power of . I tell them I know firsthand that immeasurable healing takes place within me someone stops, sits down and listens to my story.

1.A. entered B. stepped C. passed D. approached

2.A. hoping B. wishing C. struggling D. pulling

3.A. quickly B. slowly C. carefully D. carelessly

4.A. away B. up C. around D. down

5.A. However B. Instead C. Therefore D. Moreover

6.A. good B. better C. more D. well

7.A. son B. daughter C. friend D. sister

8.A. unique B. similar C. different D. wonderful

9.A. way B. direction C. conclusion D. instruction

10.A. attract B. exist C. appeal D. matter

11.A. appreciated B. told C. enjoyed D. heard

12.A. less B. more C. higher D. cheaper

13.A. which B. how C. what D. that

14.A. pleasure B. difference C. behavior D. importance

15.A. twist B. accident C. occasion D. thing

16.A. as good as B. as long as C. as soon as D. as well as

17.A. wounded B. affected C. injected D. hurt

18.A. physician B. hospital C. teacher D. school

19.A. stopping B. talking C. listening D. sitting

20.A. before B. when C. until D. unless

阅读理解。

Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are book-lover or only there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find a shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason is, you can soon be totally unaware of your surroundings. You soon become attracted in some books or others, and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointments.

This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is the main attraction of a bookshop. A bookshop is very much like a music shop. You can wander round such a place to your heart’s content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the greeting “Can I help you?” You needn’t buy anything you don’t want. In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the back ground until you have finished reading. Then, and only then, are his services necessary.

Once a medical student had to read a text book which was far too expensive for him to buy. He couldn’t obtain it from the library and the only copy he could find was in a certain bookshop. Every afternoon, therefore, he would go along to the shop and read a little of the book at a time. One day, however, he was disappointed to find the book missing from its usual place. He was about to leave, when he noticed the owner of the shop beckoning to him. Expecting to be told off, he went towards him. To his surprise, the owner pointed to the book which was tucked away in a corner. “I put it there in case anyone was tempted to buy it!” he said, and left the delighted student to continue his reading.

1.According to the passage ,the main attraction of a bookshop is ______ .

A. the chance to get free from the reality

B. learning something from the books

C. a shelter from a sudden shower

D. the surrounding of books

2.The writer thinks that the assistant in a bookshop should ______.

A. greet customers pleasantly and warmly

B. not disturb the customers when they read

C. help the readers to find what they want

D. not stay in the background all the time

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