Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.

At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins. The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.

Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.

1.Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______.

A. help the Javanese with their illness

. find ways to grow better crops

C. do some research about the island

D. spend his holiday

2.Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens?

A. To eat them.

B. To make money by selling them.

C. To give the Javanese a surprise.

D. To carry out his experiments.

3.If a person doesn’t get enough vitamins in his diet, he’d better ______.

A. eat more rice B. eat vitamin pills

C. eat some chicken D. eat more meat

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处(第1-4题)的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Texting (发短信) is nearly universal among people with cell phones. While texting can be a great way to stay in touch and to share the feelings of daily life, it sure has a downside. 1. Read on to learn why it is time to put the phone down — even if it’s just for an hour or an afternoon.

2. We all know that cell phone use during the week hours can disturb our sleep patterns, but it's also true that texting during the day could harm our ability to get a good night’s sleep. In a recent study, researchers found that the more people texted during the day, the poorer their sleep was.

Your posture (姿势) is suffering. Texting can actually harm your whole body. People get so focused on their phones that they end up holding their neck and upper back in uncomfortable positions for a long time. That’s why people coined the phrase ‘text neck’, which refers to postural pain. 3. Bring your phone to eye level while you use it. Oh, and give your phone a rest!

4. Your texting could be a liability to the people around you. A recent study found that one in three people was distracted by mobile devices while walking. And texting walkers were four times more likely to ignore traffic lights and fail to look both ways at a cross.

Your school or work performance will suffer. Researchers discovered students texting too much gave worse performance in class. 5. Just reading or sending a text while working can increase the number of mistakes a worker makes during a single task.

A. It makes you a less responsible walker.

B. It’ll do harm to your sleep at night.

C. It can prevent you from really enjoying the activities you treasure.

D. We can’t believe we still have to say this, but it affects your driving.

E. But it isn’t just college students who face texting distractions (分神).

F. What do we lose when we get lost in the texting life?

G. Want to get rid of the effect of all this bending and texting?

DEAR Daughter,

We have not seen you for a while now, so I thought we might check in. Did you fall off the edge of the Earth? Your mother worries, you know, and I am just curious. Well, I am more than curious. I feel abandoned.

Apparently you’ve dumped us for your career. I can understand that, because you’ve always had a wonderful work ethic (道德).

Look, obviously your long absence has confused us. As we go about our daily routines, your mother and I are distracted – both by your absence and our pride in your career. The other day, I entered my work password into the microwave, then stood there cursing it for not working. And I was so off my game (状态差) that I actually used that cholesterol-free mayo (不含胆固醇的蛋黄酱) your mother insisted on buying in an effort to drive me from the house.

Listen, a lot has happened since you’ve been away. Abraham Lincoln was shot. We had two more children – a princess, now 23; a boy, now 12.

Yesterday I bought a very clean 2001 Camaro car from an older woman. Your mother is not happy about this. She says it is the kind of muscle car driven by ex-convicts (有犯罪前科的人) when they examine your house at 2 am.

In response, I tell her it was the car of my dreams (when I was 18). So that’s where your long absence has left us. Your long absence is not so bad, though we miss your roaring laughter ... the way your cheeks flush (晕红) when you eat Thai food. How you always march too hard into the house, like a Scotsman stepping on snakes.

Each evening, your mother now waits by the window the way she did when you used to step off the bus in first grade, your hair full of rubber bands.

Bet that drove you crazy even then, her running out on the porch (门廊) like you’d just returned from a month-long journey to the moon.

Look, parents are not easy people.

But should the urge ever hit you, feel free to stop by some time. Our house is your house. Our hearts are yours too.

And your mother is still waiting by the window.

Love, Dad

1.The author entered his work password into the microwave because __________.

A. all kinds of passwords made him confused

B. he was thinking too much about his work

C. he was affected by his daughter’s long absence

D. he was getting old and he had forgotten how to use the microwave

2.The author describes his and his wife’s current situation by __________.

A. comparing the past and present

B. talking about history and his dream

C. listing changes they have made to their routines

D. detailing strange things they have started doing

3.With the last six paragraphs, the author is trying to __________.

A. describe what kind of person his daughter is

B. show how much he and his wife care about their daughter

C. show how annoyed his daughter must feel about her mother

D. remind his daughter of the problems they had

4.From the article, we can conclude that the author is __________.

A. humorous B. inspiring C. serious D. patient

Before your child's final exam: and the graduation announcements, you face a significant task together: choosing the right college or university. There is no "one size fits all" approach to selecting a college—it's a very personal process for most teenagers. Consider a wide range of factors to help your child make the best possible choice.

Discuss with your child her post-high school choices, such as college, finding work or starting a business, or joining the army. If you determine together that college is the best choice for your child, talk about the importance of college, and her longer-term goals by going to college.

Talk to your child about what she thinks is important in a college experience and share your opinions as well. Identify the issues that will directly impact her college choice, such as her grades, test scores and family finances. Then make a list of the key criteria for her dream school, including factors such as the school's location, its size, the types of prograM:, the after school activities available and the type of financial aid available.

Prioritize the item: on your child's list, at least to the extent of sorting it into "must-haves," "highly desirable" and "nice-to-have" categories. Put these factors into an online search engine specifically designed to identify colleges and universities that best meet your criteria, such as that offered by CollegeBoard.org. Start with the most important criteria, then experiment with additional factors to narrow the search results to a number you can work with, such as 10 or 20 different schools.

Use the search results as a guide to further focus your college search. Research each school by reviewing its website, requesting information directly from the school and attending local presentations about the school.

1.The underlined word "prioritize" in Paragraph 4 probably means "______".

A. list in order of importance B. write down

C. add to D. do research into

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A. It's better to decide the college for your child.

B. It's necessary to take your child's opinion into consideration.

C. There is a "one size fits all" way to select a college.

D. An online search engine is of great help to you.

3.What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?

A. To argue B. To persuade

C. To introduce D. To amuse

4.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

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