题目内容

About half American teenagers do not get enough sleep on school nights.They get an average of sixty to ninety minutes less than experts say they need.

One reason for this is biology.Experts say teens are biologically programmed to go to sleep later and wake up later than other age groups.Yet many schools start classes as early as seven in the morning.As a result,many students go to class feeling like sixteen?year?old Danny.He is an active teen— except in the morning.“Getting up in the morning is pretty terrible.I’m just very out of it and tired.Through the first and second period I can hardly stay awake,” he said.

Michael Breus is a psychologist.Teens,he says,need to sleep eight to nine hours or even nine to ten hours a night.He says sleepy teens can experience a form of depression(消沉) that could have big influence on their general well being.It can affect not just their ability in the classroom but also on the sports field and on the road.So what can schools do about sleepy students?The psychologist says one thing they can do is to start classes later in the morning.Studies show that students can improve by a full letter grade in their first and second period classes.

Eric Peterson is the head of St.George’s School in the northeastern state of Rhode Island.He wanted to see if a thirty?minute delay(推迟)would make a difference.It did.He says visits to the health center by tired students decreased by half.Late arrivals to the first period fell by a third.And students reported that they were less sleepy during the day.Eric Peterson knows that changing start times is easier at a small school like his.But he is hopeful that other schools will find a way.

1.What’s the best title for the passage?

A.Later classes,fewer sleepy teens

B.Early birds have good food

C.Early to bed and early to rise

D.Fewer classes,more happiness

2.The underlined word“this”in the second paragraph refers to________.

A.teenagers’ staying up

B.teenagers’ getting up late

C.teenagers’ not getting enough sleep

D.teenagers’ not studying seriously

3.Michael Breus thinks that________.

A.teens should get up early

B.teens need enough sleep to be lively

C.depression is common in teens

D.the first period class should be cut off

4.The last paragraph tells us________.

A.Eric Peterson visits the health center every day

B.it’s not easy for Eric Peterson to change start times

C.students in St.George’s School can get up later than before

D.students in St.George’s School aren’t late for school any more

5.What can we infer from the passage?

A.Danny is a lazy boy and always late for school.

B.Teens should go to bed early and get up early, too.

C.The psychologist has no idea how to solve the problem.

D.Enough sleep makes a healthy and active student.

 

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.C

5.D

【解析】

试题分析:本文讲述了美国的学生缺少睡眠,导致在学校上午的课程中表现较差,说明了充足睡眠的重要性。

1.A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段About half American teenagers do not get enough sleep on school nights.They get an average of sixty to ninety minutes less than experts say they need.说明美国的学生缺少睡眠,导致上午前2节课的效果很差。故A正确。

2.C 推理题。本句One reason for this is biology.中的this就是指第一段中About half American teenagers do not get enough sleep on school nights.They get an average of sixty to ninety minutes less than experts say they need.提及的年轻人的睡眠不够情况。故C正确。

3.B 细节题。根据第二段6,7,8行Michael Breus is a psychologist.Teens,he says,need to sleep eight to nine hours or even nine to ten hours a night.He says sleepy teens can experience a form of depression(消沉) that could have big influence on their general well being.It can affect not just their ability in the classroom but also on the sports field and on the road可知缺少睡眠对年轻人有很大的影响,所以年轻人需要足够的睡眠让他们保持活跃。故B正确。

4.C 推理题。根据文章最后3行And students reported that they were less sleepy during the day.Eric Peterson knows that changing start times is easier at a small school like his.But he is hopeful that other schools will find a way.可知在这个学校里学生起床要比别的地方稍微晚一点。故C正确。

5.D 推断题。根据文章2,3段可知缺少睡眠会有很多问题,有了充足的睡眠可以让学生很健康积极向上。故D正确。

考点:考查健康教育类短文阅读

点评:本文讲述了美国的学生缺少睡眠,导致在学校上午的课程中表现较差,说明了充足睡眠的重要性。

文章基本上是考查细节题,对此类题型考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索,运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节,找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍,仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别,在准确理解细节的前提下,最后确定最佳答案。

 

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任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。

The most serious health problem in the world used to be infectious(传染的)diseases such as typhoid fever, flu, bubonic plague(黑死病). In the 14th century, for example, bubonic plague killed roughly one-third of the population of Asia and about half of the population of Europe. A flu epidemic(流行病) in 1918 killed millions of people around the world. Today, however, vaccines and antibiotics have prevented the spread of many serious diseases. In fact, in many parts of the world today, infectious diseases are no longer considered to be the most serious health problem. In the United States, the number one health problem is the new epidemic of obesity.

  What does it mean to be obese? Most doctors and researchers use the body mass index(指数), or BMI, to determine whether someone is overweight or obese. The BMI equals a person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of the person’s height in meters. A normal BMI is between 18.5 and 24.9. a person with a BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a person with a BMI of 30 or above is said to be obese.

  What is causing the epidemic of obesity? One obvious contributing factor is the sedentary lifestyle that many people in the 21st century are leading. Getting around by car and working at a desk don’t demand much physical activity.

 A second cause of obesity epidemic is an increase in the availability and consumption of junk food. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines junk foods as “foods which provide calories primarily through fats or added sugars and have minimal amounts of vitamins and minerals.” Studies have shown that people are consuming a lot more calories daily than they used to, and they are consuming many of those calories outside of regular meals.

 The popularity of fast-food restaurants over the past 30 years has also contributed to be the obesity epidemic. The goal of most fast-food restaurants is to make high profits by producing meals cheaply and efficiently, with little concern for the nutritional content of food. As a result, much of the food served in fast-food restaurants is high in saturated fats, sodium, and sugar. The “great taste” of the food comes from artificial flavorings(调味品) created in science laboratories. For example, roughly 50 artificial ingredients are used to make strawberry milkshake sold in one popular fast-food restaurant. High-quality meat has been replaced by low-quality meat that is full of preservatives to make it taste good. While the nutritional content of much fast food is declining, the serving sizes have been getting larger, encouraging people to consume more calories.

 

 

 

 

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项中(A、B、C和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Most of us feel upset if we miss just one meal, and if we try to go without food for 12 hours we would really be uncomfortable. But there are some people who seem able to “fast” for very long periods.

Various records are claimed for long fast, but in most cases there is no medical proof and so the records are doubtful. One South African woman claimed that she lived for 102 days on nothinig but water and soda water.

There are great differences among living things in the ability to survive without food. For example , a tick(扁虱), which lives on animals, may survive a whole year. Warm-blooded animals use up their stores of food in the body more quickly.

In fact, the smaller and more active the animal, the more quickly it uses up its reserves. A small bird starves to death in about five days, a dog in about twenty. In general, we can say that a warm-blooded creature will die when it has lost about half its normal weight.

This matter of weight is important. Man and other creatures live in a state of metabolic equiplibrium(新陈代谢的平衡)which means maintaining the body weight once a certain point has been reached. This regulation of body weight is done by thirst, hunger, and appetite.

When your blood lacks nutritional materials, this registers(记录)in the hunger center of the brain and you feel “hungry”. The body is crying out for any kind of fuel(food). And it is our appetite that sees to it hat we chooose a mixed diet, which is the kind the body needs.

1.According to this passage, a man will die _________.

A.when a certain point in losing weight has been reached.

B.when his blood lacks nutritional material

C.when his normal weight is lost

D.when he goes without food for more than 12 hours

2.The word “fast” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by ________.

A.eat no food

B.live merely on water and soda water

C.live on nothing

D.remains alive for a long time without food

3.A tick can survive much longer than a bird because ________.

A.a tick lives on animals

B.a tick is much smaller

C.a bird is more active

D.both B and C

4.A person feels hungry _________.

A.if he doesn’t choose a mixed diet

B.because his body cries out for food

C.when soemthing is wrong with regulation of body weight

D.if there are not enough nutritional in his blood

5.From the passage we can infer that the author ________.

A.believes the South African woman very firmly

B.does not believe the South African woman at all

C.is not certain whether the South African woman’s claim was true.

D.is doubtful whether there was such a South African woman

 

When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点). Sometimes she said I was thin. Sometimes she said I was lazy. Sometimes she said I wasn’t a good student. Sometimes she said I talked too much, and so on. I tried to put up with(忍受) her as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.

He listened to me quietly, and then he asked, “Are the things she said true or not? Mary, didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like? Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”

I did as he told me and to my surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true.

I brought the list back to my dad. He refused to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be helpful to you. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you think is right.”

Many years have passed. The situation often appears in my mind. In our life we often meet with some trouble and we often go to someone and ask for advice. For some advice you will treasure(珍惜) all your life!

1.What did the writer’s father do after he heard her complaints(抱怨)?

A.He agreed with her “enemy”.

B.he let her continue to put up with her “enemy”.

C.He told her to write down all her “enemy” had said about her.

D.He told her not to pay attention to what her “enemy” had said.

2.The writer felt ______ when she did the things as her father had told her.

A.surprised

B.angry

C.disappointed

D.sad

3.Which of the following can we know from the passage?

A.The “enemy” thought the writer was pretty.

B.The “enemy” thought the writer studied hard.

C.The writer and her “enemy” became best friends at last.

D.The writer is grateful to her father.

4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A.My Parents

B.A Serious Criticism(批评)

C.What People Say About You Is Always Right

D.The Best Advice I Ever Had

 

At the age of12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings(缺点). Week by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.                                                                 

He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like ? Well, you now have that girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”                                                                         

I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I go to fairly clear picture of myself.            

I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it.“ That’s just for you,” he said.“ You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don’t shut your ears.  Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”                   

Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.                                                           

1. What did the father do after he had heard his daughter’s complaint?

A. He told her to write down all that her“ enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true.                                                                      

B. He told her not to pay any attention to what her “enemy” had said.                   

C. He criticized (批评) her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.                 

D. He refused to take the list and have a look at it.                                   

2.What does “Week by week her list grew” mean?                                   

A .I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.                        

B. She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.   

C. Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me.       D. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious.                          

3.Why did her father listen to her quietly?                                          

A. Because he wasn’t quite sure which girl was telling the truth.                       

B. Because he had been so angry with his daughter’s shortcomings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while.                                                

C. Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.            

D. Because he believed that what her daughter’s “enemy” said was mostly true. 

4.Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?                          

A.  The Best Advice  I’ve  Ever Had  

B.  No an Enemy, but the Best Friend                                       

C.   My  Father         

D.  My  Childhood

 

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